Question 1

With regard to Jean Piaget's stages of development,modern developmental researchers have determined that:

Accepted Answer

A)  most children learn cognitive skills noticeably later than Piaget assumed,a result that may be related to the fact the Piaget observed his own children. 
B)  within a given stage of development,performance on a wide variety of tasks is largely uniform and consistent. 
C)  the order of the stages of cognitive development is significantly affected by culture. 
D)  cultural factors appear to influence cognitive development and Piaget may have been biased in his conceptualization of "cognitive development."

Question 2

José has thought very little about questions regarding his personal identity,the kind of person he would like to be,and the kind of life that he would like to live.Instead,he has adapted the values of his peer group without any real critical evaluation of them.Researcher Marcia would most likely say that José is in a state of identity:

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion. 
B)  moratorium. 
C)  foreclosure. 
D)  confusion.

Question 3

Dana's young child sees an older woman at the market and says,"Granny." This woman is not the child's grandmother,and Piaget would say this demonstrates the process of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodation 
B)  assimilation 
C)  equilibrium 
D)  object permanence

Question 4

Research studies examining the information-processing speeds of children have consistently found that processing speeds improve continuously with age,and that the most rapid rate of change occurs between the ages of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 and 6 years 
B)  10 and 14 years 
C)  8 and 12 years 
D)  5 and 9 years

Question 5

The tendency for some species of birds and mammals to follow and attach to the first thing that moves after they are born is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  reflex attachment. 
B)  fixating. 
C)  imprinting. 
D)  encoding.

Question 6

A child who has great curiosity about the world and is either free to explore their environment or is restricted and held back from exploring,is most likely in Erik Erikson's ___________ stage of psychosocial development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child who has great curiosity about...

Question 7

With regard to fetal and infant development,the cephalocaudal principle asserts that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the head and upper body tend to develop first. 
B)  the lower body tends to develop first. 
C)  the innermost parts of the body tend to develop first. 
D)  the outermost parts of the body tend to develop first.

Question 8

Austin wants to do his honour's thesis in psychology in the area of developmental psychology.He has eight months to decide on a specific topic,design the study,collect the data,analyze the results,and write the thesis.Assuming he is interested in comparing children's performance at different ages,what type of design would be the most practical for him to use?

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal design. 
B)  double-blind design. 
C)  cross-sectional design. 
D)  sequential design.

Question 9

During the germinal stage of development,the fertilized egg is called an embryo.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Remaining physically and intellectually active may help to slow down the decline of cognitive functions as we age.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Emotion regulation involves the processes by which we evaluate and modify our emotional reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A researcher is interested in examining the development and effects of shyness.To do this,she identifies a group of 100 shy children at age 10,and then follows them for the next 10 years,checking in periodically to gather additional information.This design is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a longitudinal design. 
B)  a cross-sectional design. 
C)  a placebo design. 
D)  a sequential design.

Question 13

Which of the following would be most characteristic of a child in the concrete operational stage if you asked him/her to draw a map specifying the route to school?

Accepted Answer

A)  The child would be unable to do so. 
B)  The child would be unable to do so,but could physically lead you to the school. 
C)  The child could draw a basic map of the usual route to school. 
D)  The child could draw a map outlining an unusual or creative way to school.

Question 14

Some developmental researchers argue for the existence of a "fifth stage" of cognitive development called _____________,which is thought to occur during adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some developmental researchers argue for the existence...

Question 15

In a sequential research design,there is repeated testing of _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  several gender cohorts 
B)  several age cohorts 
C)  a single gender cohort 
D)  a single age cohort

Question 16

Sally is interested in comparing the effects of video game violence on aggression in several different age groups.Which of the following groups would a cross-sectional design be confounded by the age of the cohorts?

Accepted Answer

A)  14,15,16,and 17 year olds 
B)  2,3,4,and 5 year olds 
C)  10,12,14,and 16 year olds 
D)  5,15,30,and 60 year olds

Question 17

Studies indicate that newborn infants are not capable of through modelling until they are at least 4- to 5-months old.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Even though children in the concrete operational stage have a well-established concept of object permanence,they still tend to struggle a great deal with problems involving conservation of volume and number.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The most negative developmental outcomes are associated with which of the following parenting styles?

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritative 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  neglectful 
D)  indulgent

Question 20

Ramon is celebrating his 75th birthday next week.According to Erikson,the life crisis that is most relevant to Ramon would be:

Accepted Answer

A)  generativity vs.stagnation 
B)  intimacy vs.isolation 
C)  integrity vs.despair 
D)  industry vs.inferiority

Exam 12: Development Over the Lifespan

With regard to Jean Piaget's stages of development,modern developmental researchers have determined that:

Dana's young child sees an older woman at the market and says,"Granny." This woman is not the child's grandmother,and Piaget would say this demonstrates the process of ____________.

Research studies examining the information-processing speeds of children have consistently found that processing speeds improve continuously with age,and that the most rapid rate of change occurs between the ages of _________.

The tendency for some species of birds and mammals to follow and attach to the first thing that moves after they are born is called:

A child who has great curiosity about the world and is either free to explore their environment or is restricted and held back from exploring,is most likely in Erik Erikson's ___________ stage of psychosocial development.

With regard to fetal and infant development,the cephalocaudal principle asserts that:

During the germinal stage of development,the fertilized egg is called an embryo.

Remaining physically and intellectually active may help to slow down the decline of cognitive functions as we age.

Emotion regulation involves the processes by which we evaluate and modify our emotional reactions.

A researcher is interested in examining the development and effects of shyness.To do this,she identifies a group of 100 shy children at age 10,and then follows them for the next 10 years,checking in periodically to gather additional information.This design is best described as:

Which of the following would be most characteristic of a child in the concrete operational stage if you asked him/her to draw a map specifying the route to school?

Some developmental researchers argue for the existence of a "fifth stage" of cognitive development called _____________,which is thought to occur during adulthood.

In a sequential research design,there is repeated testing of _______________.

Sally is interested in comparing the effects of video game violence on aggression in several different age groups.Which of the following groups would a cross-sectional design be confounded by the age of the cohorts?

Studies indicate that newborn infants are not capable of through modelling until they are at least 4- to 5-months old.

Even though children in the concrete operational stage have a well-established concept of object permanence,they still tend to struggle a great deal with problems involving conservation of volume and number.

The most negative developmental outcomes are associated with which of the following parenting styles?

Ramon is celebrating his 75^th birthday next week.According to Erikson,the life crisis that is most relevant to Ramon would be: