Question 1

Though both have been shown to display similar patterns cross-culturally,____________ anxiety typically occurs several months before ___________ anxiety.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Though both have been shown to display...

Question 2

Research indicates that _________ are more likely to experience gaps in their careers.One of the major causes of these gaps is __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research indicates that _________ are more likely...

Question 3

The major developmental milestone of _____________ is achieved during Jean Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The major developmental milestone of _____________ is...

Question 4

In an ideal world,where researchers do not need to worry about the costs of doing research in terms of time or money,the best research design to address questions of developmental change would typically be the:

Accepted Answer

A)  longitudinal design. 
B)  double-blind design. 
C)  cross-sectional design. 
D)  sequential design.

Question 5

Having an above average education and having a cognitively stimulating job are two of the factors thought to contribute to the ___________ of cognitive abilities in old age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Having an above average education and having...

Question 6

Genetic researchers have determined that adult males normally carry:

Accepted Answer

A)  only the X chromosome. 
B)  only the Y chromosome. 
C)  both the X and the Y chromosome. 
D)  either the X or the Y chromosome,but not both.

Question 7

Infants often show distress at being separated from their primary caregiver:

Accepted Answer

A)  around 2-3 months of age before they have developed adequate schemas for strangers and nonstrangers 
B)  around 7-8 months because by then they have a strong attachment to their primary caregiver 
C)  immediately after birth as they have become attached in utero to their mother 
D)  around 4-6 months of age when they develop a sense of self-awareness

Question 8

All of the following are characteristic of the cognitive development that occurs during adolescence EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Adolescents are not particularly self-focused in their thinking. 
B)  Adolescents have better abstract and hypothetical reasoning skills. 
C)  Adolescents are more flexible and creative in their thinking. 
D)  Adolescents are more systematic in their problem solving.

Question 9

When studying intelligence in adults and how it relates to the aging process,longitudinal studies show:

Accepted Answer

A)  a decline in the ability to reason logically that begins in early adulthood 
B)  a decline in the amount of factual knowledge that begins in early adulthood 
C)  a decline in the ability to reason logically that begins in later adulthood 
D)  a decline in the amount of factual knowledge that begins in middle adulthood

Question 10

The concept theory of mind is most closely related to which of the following constructs?

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  zone of proximal development 
C)  object permanence 
D)  conservation

Question 11

Lev Vygotsky's concept of a proximal zone of development distinguishes between:

Accepted Answer

A)  children who have or have not developed object permanence. 
B)  children who do or do not grasp the concept of conservation. 
C)  children who can solve problems with or without assistance. 
D)  children who are or are not egocentric.

Question 12

A child who places a great deal of attention on striving for achievement and mastering various tasks such as cleaning the dishes,shooting a basketball,or getting good grades in school would most likely be classified as being in Erik Erikson's ______________ stage of psychosocial development.

Accepted Answer

A)  basic trust vs.basic mistrust 
B)  initiative vs.guilt 
C)  industry vs.inferiority 
D)  autonomy vs.shame and doubt

Question 13

Marital researchers have determined that relationship satisfaction typically decreases in the first few years after getting married.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Marini,of Brock University,and Case,of the University of Toronto,tested adolescents on two types of abstract reasoning problems.They found that two-thirds of the adolescents performed at the same reasoning level on the two tasks,while the other one-third performed at a more advanced level on one task compared to the other.This finding:

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates,contrary to Piaget's theory,that cognitive development does not occur as existing schemas become more complex. 
B)  indicates,in agreement with Piaget's theory,that both assimilation and accommodation are processes in cognitive development. 
C)  indicates,in agreement with Piaget's theory,that cognitive development changes qualitatively with age. 
D)  indicates,contrary to Piaget's theory,that the application of formal thought is not always uniform across tasks.

Question 15

Jean Piaget defined an organized pattern of thought and action that guide children's interactions with the world as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  norm 
B)  schema 
C)  reflex 
D)  mental representation

Question 16

A couple with three kids is considering divorce,but is wondering if they should remain together for the sake of their children.Research suggests that the most important factor that they should take into consideration is:

Accepted Answer

A)  how old the children are. 
B)  how long they have been married. 
C)  the amount of conflict in their relationship. 
D)  whether adultery is involved.

Question 17

Which of the following was mentioned as one of the three conclusions regarding the relative importance of biological and environmental factors in development?

Accepted Answer

A)  The environment sets a limit on biological influences. 
B)  Though they are present,environmental influences are not very powerful. 
C)  Environmental factors can impact the rate and sequence in which various skills are learned. 
D)  Environmental and biological factors interact with one another during development.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding the potential impact of daycare is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children who receive daycare are much more likely to be classified as anxious-resistant in the Strange Situation Test procedure. 
B)  Children who receive daycare are much more likely to be classified as anxious-avoidant in the Strange Situation Test procedure. 
C)  Children from middle- and upper-income homes appear to be more affected by the quality of daycare than do children from lower-income homes. 
D)  Except when several negative factors are combined,daycare appears to have little or no effect on the quality of infants' attachments to their parents.

Question 19

All of the following were mentioned as limitations or criticisms of Kübler-Ross's stages of coping with impending death EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Some people may move back and forth between stages. 
B)  Some people may not experience all the stages. 
C)  Some people may look forward to death. 
D)  Some people may change their behaviour because of prior awareness of the stages.

Question 20

It has been found that the presence of the ___________ on axons increases their speed.

Accepted Answer

A)  myelin sheath 
B)  gray matter 
C)  dendrites 
D)  white matter

Exam 12: Development Over the Lifespan

Though both have been shown to display similar patterns cross-culturally,__ anxiety typically occurs several months before _ anxiety.

Research indicates that _ are more likely to experience gaps in their careers.One of the major causes of these gaps is __.