Question 1

From an ethical perspective,what two goals often collide in social psychological research? On the one hand,social psychologists ________; on the other hand,they ________.

Accepted Answer

A) provide cover stories to disguise their true purposes; debrief participants at the close of the study 
B) use a limited number of participants in their studies; want to generalize to all people 
C) are concerned about their participants; want to find interesting results 
D) want to satisfy their intellectual curiosity; want to respond to real-life problems 
E) seek both mundane and psychological realism; don't want to cause participants unnecessary discomfort or harm

Question 2

What did Bibb Latané and John Darley (1968)do to ensure the internal validity of their laboratory experiment on the effects of the number of bystanders on participants' responses to an emergency? They

Accepted Answer

A) randomly assigned participants to groups or conditions. 
B) made sure that the groups had the exact same number of men and women. 
C) made sure that the seizure overheard by participants was identical for everyone. 
D) queried participants about their knowledge about epilepsy before beginning the experiment. 
E) assigned participants at random to conditions that varied on one key variable.

Question 3

_______ research involves systematic examination of the documents or records of a culture.

Accepted Answer

A) Archival 
B) Participant observational 
C) Cross-sectional 
D) Experimental 
E) Systematic

Question 4

Which of the following correlations shows the strongest relation between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A) 0)68 
B) -0.19 
C) -0.74 
D) 0)07 
E) 0)00

Question 5

In describing the intricacies of cross-cultural research,the authors of your text assert that it's not as simple as translating one's materials into an appropriate language,traveling to another culture,and conducting the experiment there.Which of the following statements best captures the role of construals in making cross-cultural research very difficult to do?

Accepted Answer

A) It is very difficult to translate some cover stories and dependent measures into some languages. 
B) There is variability among people,even within the same culture. 
C) People in different cultures differ on a number of personal characteristics. 
D) The experimenter may be culturally biased. 
E) The same experimental situation can have different meanings in different cultures.

Question 6

Out of curiosity,you wonder whether some coworkers in your office are more likely than others to use profanity.During the day,each and every time a coworker curses,you write down his or her name,and the words he or she said.Your informal research is most like the ________ research conducted by social psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A) archival 
B) survey 
C) correlational 
D) ethnographic 
E) experimental

Question 7

Which statement below best captures the major ethical dilemma faced by experimental social psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A) The good of the many often comes at the costs to the few. 
B) Some people do not enjoy participating in psychological research. 
C) Research results can be misused by those in power. 
D) It is necessary to lie to discover the truth. 
E) What is good science may not be ethical science.

Question 8

A researcher wants to examine the relation between viewing television violence and behaving aggressively.He has participants decide whether they would prefer to view a violent or a nonviolent film,and subsequently records the number of aggressive behaviours they show in a competitive game.The researcher cannot legitimately make a causal statement based on his findings,because the study

Accepted Answer

A) lacks external validity. 
B) lacks psychological realism. 
C) is low on mundane realism. 
D) lacks random assignment. 
E) has no cover story.

Question 9

A researcher interested in testing a(n)________ hypothesis would be most likely to conduct an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) correlational 
B) causal 
C) descriptive 
D) theoretical 
E) observational

Question 10

Pepler and colleagues (2006)assessed the effects of anti-bullying programs in Toronto schools.They came to the conclusion that children who bullied ________ showed the ________ reduction in bullying behaviour as a result of these programs.

Accepted Answer

A) least; most 
B) least; least 
C) most; most 
D) most; least 
E) moderately; least

Question 11

Professor Atkins wonders whether more people attend confession during the Christmas season than at other times of the year.Three times per week during the months of February,April,September,and December,he sits quietly at the back of a church and records how many people come in for confession.Professor Atkins is using

Accepted Answer

A) the observational method. 
B) obtrusive observation. 
C) the experimental method. 
D) archival analysis. 
E) participant observation.

Question 12

A social psychologist employing the ________ method of research is most like a video camera.

Accepted Answer

A) experimental 
B) participant observation 
C) archival analysis 
D) observational 
E) correlational

Question 13

Which of the following explanations for the failure of neighbours to come to Kitty Genovese's aid best reflects the idea of diffusion of responsibility?

Accepted Answer

A) The cost of intervening was too high,so neighbours didn't help. 
B) There were so many witnesses that no single person felt responsible to intervene. 
C) The neighbours did not personally know Kitty Genovese. 
D) Urban dwellers are especially callous when it comes to giving aid. 
E) The neighbours did not interpret her cries as an emergency,so they didn't intervene.

Question 14

Recall that Latané and Darley observed the number of participants in each experimental condition who left their cubicles to help the alleged victim of a seizure.The ________ was the dependent variable in their experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) severity of the seizure 
B) number of participants who tried to intervene 
C) number of participants 
D) number of personal problems reported by participants 
E) number of other discussants

Question 15

The Kitty Genovese murder inspired research on bystander apathy.This example illustrates the usefulness of relying on ________ in formulating research hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) casual observations of everyday life 
B) folk wisdom 
C) common sense 
D) social-psychological theory 
E) personal experience

Question 16

Conceptually,what distinguishes laboratory from field experiments is

Accepted Answer

A) whether there is a dependent variable. 
B) whether there is an independent variable. 
C) where the experiment is conducted. 
D) the number of participants. 
E) whether there is random assignment.

Question 17

One of the most common errors in the social sciences is

Accepted Answer

A) overgeneralizing research findings. 
B) selecting a biased sample from the population of interest. 
C) confusing dependent and independent variables. 
D) prematurely applying research findings to practical problems. 
E) assuming that correlation automatically implies causation.

Question 18

A developmental psychologist who used the correlational method found that there was a positive correlation between children's self-esteem and their academic achievement.First,what does a positive correlation mean in this case? Second,how might these results be explained?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A developmental psychologist who used the correlational...

Question 19

Latané and Darley (1968)told participants that they were interested in the kind of problems that college students experience.This explanation is the

Accepted Answer

A) experimental debriefing. 
B) cover story. 
C) independent variable. 
D) dependent variable. 
E) operational definition.

Question 20

Chapter 2 of the text discusses Tillie the Rainmaker,a woman who believes she has the power to cause rain in drought-stricken areas.According to your text,this belief was probably caused by

Accepted Answer

A) a lack of random assignment. 
B) a tendency to infer causality from correlational events. 
C) the lack of precise operational definitions. 
D) a lack of random selection. 
E) such behaviours becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Exam 2: Methodology

From an ethical perspective,what two goals often collide in social psychological research? On the one hand,social psychologists ; on the other hand,they .

What did Bibb Latané and John Darley (1968) do to ensure the internal validity of their laboratory experiment on the effects of the number of bystanders on participants' responses to an emergency? They

_______ research involves systematic examination of the documents or records of a culture.

Which of the following correlations shows the strongest relation between two variables?

Which statement below best captures the major ethical dilemma faced by experimental social psychologists?

A researcher interested in testing a(n) ________ hypothesis would be most likely to conduct an experiment.

Pepler and colleagues (2006) assessed the effects of anti-bullying programs in Toronto schools.They came to the conclusion that children who bullied showed the reduction in bullying behaviour as a result of these programs.

A social psychologist employing the ________ method of research is most like a video camera.

Which of the following explanations for the failure of neighbours to come to Kitty Genovese's aid best reflects the idea of diffusion of responsibility?

Recall that Latané and Darley observed the number of participants in each experimental condition who left their cubicles to help the alleged victim of a seizure.The ________ was the dependent variable in their experiment.

The Kitty Genovese murder inspired research on bystander apathy.This example illustrates the usefulness of relying on ________ in formulating research hypotheses.

Conceptually,what distinguishes laboratory from field experiments is

One of the most common errors in the social sciences is

A developmental psychologist who used the correlational method found that there was a positive correlation between children's self-esteem and their academic achievement.First,what does a positive correlation mean in this case? Second,how might these results be explained?

Latané and Darley (1968) told participants that they were interested in the kind of problems that college students experience.This explanation is the

Chapter 2 of the text discusses Tillie the Rainmaker,a woman who believes she has the power to cause rain in drought-stricken areas.According to your text,this belief was probably caused by

Exam 2: Methodology

From an ethical perspective,what two goals often collide in social psychological research? On the one hand,social psychologists ________; on the other hand,they ________.

What did Bibb Latané and John Darley (1968) do to ensure the internal validity of their laboratory experiment on the effects of the number of bystanders on participants' responses to an emergency? They

_______ research involves systematic examination of the documents or records of a culture.

Which of the following correlations shows the strongest relation between two variables?

Which statement below best captures the major ethical dilemma faced by experimental social psychologists?

A researcher interested in testing a(n) ________ hypothesis would be most likely to conduct an experiment.

Pepler and colleagues (2006) assessed the effects of anti-bullying programs in Toronto schools.They came to the conclusion that children who bullied ________ showed the ________ reduction in bullying behaviour as a result of these programs.

A social psychologist employing the ________ method of research is most like a video camera.

Which of the following explanations for the failure of neighbours to come to Kitty Genovese's aid best reflects the idea of diffusion of responsibility?

Recall that Latané and Darley observed the number of participants in each experimental condition who left their cubicles to help the alleged victim of a seizure.The ________ was the dependent variable in their experiment.

The Kitty Genovese murder inspired research on bystander apathy.This example illustrates the usefulness of relying on ________ in formulating research hypotheses.

Conceptually,what distinguishes laboratory from field experiments is

One of the most common errors in the social sciences is

A developmental psychologist who used the correlational method found that there was a positive correlation between children's self-esteem and their academic achievement.First,what does a positive correlation mean in this case? Second,how might these results be explained?

Latané and Darley (1968) told participants that they were interested in the kind of problems that college students experience.This explanation is the

Chapter 2 of the text discusses Tillie the Rainmaker,a woman who believes she has the power to cause rain in drought-stricken areas.According to your text,this belief was probably caused by

From an ethical perspective,what two goals often collide in social psychological research? On the one hand,social psychologists ; on the other hand,they .

Pepler and colleagues (2006) assessed the effects of anti-bullying programs in Toronto schools.They came to the conclusion that children who bullied showed the reduction in bullying behaviour as a result of these programs.