Question 1

Jeremy loses his former interest in doing arithmetic after his teacher promises him $1 for each problem he solves correctly. Which theory best explains Jeremy's loss of interest in arithmetic?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-perception theory 
B)  cognitive dissonance theory 
C)  self-presentation theory 
D)  self-monitoring theory

Question 2

An attitude is defined as ___________ toward someone or something.

Accepted Answer

A)  a behaviour 
B)  an evaluative reaction 
C)  a single belief 
D)  an inclination

Question 3

In dissonance experiments, the attitudes-follow-behaviour effect ____________ when participants ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes stronger; drink alcohol 
B)  becomes stronger; have no choice in their behaviour 
C)  disappears; exercise 
D)  disappears; drink alcohol

Question 4

Zanna and Pack found that gender roles ___________ our actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  shape 
B)  don't affect 
C)  and sexuality do not affect 
D)  and social status impact

Question 5

An attitude will be weakly linked to behaviour when

Accepted Answer

A)  the attitude is not very potent. 
B)  the behaviour is subject to lots of other influences. 
C)  the attitude and the behaviour are not measured at the same level of specificity. 
D)  all of the choices are correct.

Question 6

Wells and Petty asked students to listen to a tape-recorded radio editorial while testing the fit of earphone headsets. The students later said that they would have agreed more with the editorial they had heard on the tape if they had been

Accepted Answer

A)  distracted and unable to listen carefully. 
B)  wearing the lightest, most comfortable headsets. 
C)  given the choice of which editorial they would hear. 
D)  instructed to test the headsets by nodding.

Question 7

One way in which people minimize dissonance is through selective exposure to agreeable information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Findings indicate that since seatbelt use has been made mandatory, the percentage of people favouring mandatory seatbelt laws has

Accepted Answer

A)  declined slightly. 
B)  increased. 
C)  increased only in Ontario. 
D)  remained essentially unchanged.

Question 9

Beth is torn between buying a Toyota Camry and a Honda Accord-two equally attractive options. After finally deciding on the Toyota, Beth will likely

Accepted Answer

A)  regret her decision for as long as she owns the car. 
B)  think about all the positive features of the Honda. 
C)  dwell on the negative features of the Toyota. 
D)  think about and even upgrade all the positive features of the Toyota.

Question 10

The magnitude of the felt dissonance is greater when

Accepted Answer

A)  there is insufficient justification for the behaviour. 
B)  there is overjustification for the behaviour. 
C)  there is no choice over the behaviour. 
D)  others are engaged in the same behaviour.

Question 11

The term ________ refers to prescribed actions expected of those who occupy a particular social position.

Accepted Answer

A)  constellation 
B)  intentions 
C)  role 
D)  status

Question 12

You are hosting a Weight Watchers party for people who have reached their goal weight. You want to provide tasty snacks, but you don't want to encourage over-eating either. How could you arrange things to help your friends eat sensibly, in accord with their new attitudes toward eating?

Accepted Answer

A)  Put the food in the kitchen, away from the main flow of people. 
B)  Spread the food out all over the house, on individual trays. 
C)  Put the food on a table that is placed directly underneath your large wall mirror in the dining room. 
D)  None of the choices are correct.

Question 13

According to research,

Accepted Answer

A)  people's expressed attitudes hardly predicted their varying behaviours. 
B)  students' attitudes toward cheating bore little relation to the likelihood of their actual cheating. 
C)  attitudes toward the church were only modestly linked with church attendance on any given Sunday. 
D)  all of the choices are correct.

Question 14

Which theory assumes that we observe our actions for clues about our own attitudes and beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-presentation 
B)  cognitive dissonance 
C)  self-justification 
D)  self-perception

Question 15

Think about Batson's research on moral hypocrisy. Why are people so often moral hypocrites?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Think about Batson's research on moral hypocrisy....

Question 16

Assessing whether White people take longer to associate positive words with Black than White faces is an example of the Implicit Association Test (IAT).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The effects of an attitude on behaviour become more apparent when we look at a person's average behaviour over time. This fact describes

Accepted Answer

A)  the principle of aggregation. 
B)  regression toward the average. 
C)  the principle of information integration. 
D)  the principle of reciprocal averages.

Question 18

If we provide students with just enough justification to perform a learning task and use rewards and labels to help them feel competent, we may _________ their enjoyment and their eagerness to pursue the subject on their own.

Accepted Answer

A)  enhance 
B)  diminish 
C)  fail to affect 
D)  destroy

Question 19

Intrinsic motivation is when

Accepted Answer

A)  you engage in an activity because you really like it, regardless of whether you get recognized or rewarded for it. 
B)  you engage in an activity for the sake of the prize you could win. 
C)  you engage in an activity to avoid punishment. 
D)  you engage in an activity because you have been forced into doing it.

Question 20

Attitudes are more potent when

Accepted Answer

A)  they are acquired from our parents. 
B)  they are acquired as a result of direct experience with the attitude object. 
C)  when there is no self-consciousness involved. 
D)  the attitude is general and the behaviour is specific.

Exam 4: Behaviour and Attitudes