Question 1

Suppose that in reality the null hypothesis is true for this effect. In this case, what type of decision has been made in the above statement (correct, Type I error, or Type II error)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that in reality the null hypothesis...

Question 2

"In the general population, older individuals have lower memory scores than younger individuals." is a ______ hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  null 
B)  two-tailed 
C)  one-tailed 
D)  untestable

Question 3

Of the following, ______ cannot explain the results of this study.

Accepted Answer

A)  exercise decreases memory abilities 
B)  more subjects with better memory were assigned to the Sudoku group than the exercise group 
C)  subjects in the exercise group paid l attention to the study list than subjects in the Sudoku group 
D)  exercise increases memory abilities

Question 4

In simple terms the null hypothesis is that a relationship ______ in the study population.

Accepted Answer

A)  is weak 
B)  is not significant 
C)  does not exist 
D)  does not merit review

Question 5

If the p value is more than alpha, the test is said to be significant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If we retain the null hypothesis when it's really false, we have made a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  correct decision 
B)  Type I error 
C)  Type II error 
D)  Type I and Type II errors

Question 7

A graph of a distribution showing the frequency of each response in the distribution is called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  frequency distribution 
B)  line graph 
C)  scatterplot 
D)  bar graph

Question 8

The ______ is determined by calculating the difference between each score and the mean, squaring those values, adding them up, and dividing by n-1.

Accepted Answer

A)  mean 
B)  range 
C)  standard deviation 
D)  variance

Question 9

The ______ measure of variability indicates the average difference between the scores of a distribution and the mean of a distribution.

Accepted Answer

A)  range 
B)  standard deviation 
C)  mode 
D)  median

Question 10

The calculated average of the scores in a distribution is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  range 
B)  mean 
C)  mode 
D)  median

Question 11

The decision to reject the null hypothesis in a statistical test is made when ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the researcher cannot conclude that the null is true 
B)  p  alpha 
D)  the researcher initially sets the alpha level

Question 12

When a distribution includes several outliers, researchers often report the ______ in addition to or instead of the mean.

Accepted Answer

A)  distribution 
B)  range 
C)  mode 
D)  median

Question 13

If we find that an inferential test for an experiment is significant, this means that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  the condition means significantly differed 
B)  the null hypothesis should be accepted 
C)  the condition means did not differ 
D)  a Type I error has been made

Question 14

In the distribution of scores, 3, 8, 5, 9, 20, 4, the score "20" is an outlier.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A distribution is a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive statistic 
B)  inferential statistic 
C)  value that represents a typical score 
D)  set of scores

Question 16

A graph of the means for different conditions in a study where each mean is graphed as a point and the points are connected in a line to show differences between mean scores is a line graph.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A Type II error is an error made in a significance test when the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

There are three main categories of descriptive statistics that help researchers summarize data including all but ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  graphs/tables 
B)  central tendency 
C)  variability 
D)  hypotheses

Question 19

For the study above, suppose the test to compare the conditions resulted in a p value of .037. What decision should the researcher make in this case?

Accepted Answer

The answer of For the study above, suppose the test...

Question 20

Extreme high or low scores in a distribution are referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  outliers 
B)  extremes 
C)  edges 
D)  limits

Exam 7: Summarizing and Interpreting Data: Using Statistics

Suppose that in reality the null hypothesis is true for this effect. In this case, what type of decision has been made in the above statement (correct, Type I error, or Type II error)?

"In the general population, older individuals have lower memory scores than younger individuals." is a ______ hypothesis.

Of the following, ______ cannot explain the results of this study.

In simple terms the null hypothesis is that a relationship ______ in the study population.

If the p value is more than alpha, the test is said to be significant.

If we retain the null hypothesis when it's really false, we have made a ______.

A graph of a distribution showing the frequency of each response in the distribution is called a ______.

The ______ is determined by calculating the difference between each score and the mean, squaring those values, adding them up, and dividing by n-1.

The ______ measure of variability indicates the average difference between the scores of a distribution and the mean of a distribution.

The calculated average of the scores in a distribution is the ______.

The decision to reject the null hypothesis in a statistical test is made when ______.

When a distribution includes several outliers, researchers often report the ______ in addition to or instead of the mean.

If we find that an inferential test for an experiment is significant, this means that ______.

In the distribution of scores, 3, 8, 5, 9, 20, 4, the score "20" is an outlier.

A distribution is a(n) ______.

A graph of the means for different conditions in a study where each mean is graphed as a point and the points are connected in a line to show differences between mean scores is a line graph.

A Type II error is an error made in a significance test when the researcher fails to reject the null hypothesis when it is actually false.

There are three main categories of descriptive statistics that help researchers summarize data including all but ______.

For the study above, suppose the test to compare the conditions resulted in a p value of .037. What decision should the researcher make in this case?

Extreme high or low scores in a distribution are referred to as ______.