Question 1

One study found that college students' grades in Introductory Psychology (Psy 1) was a better predictor of their GPA within the Psychology major than their SAT scores (Meeker et al., 1994). In this study, the independent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Introductory Psychology 
B)  predictor of GPA within the Psychology major 
C)  GPA within the major 
D)  college students

Question 2

A team of researchers "predicted that men who believe that a woman was attracted to them would act on their belief and behave relatively more flirtatiously toward the woman than would men having no such belief" (Ridge & Reber, 2002). In this study, the dependent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  men who believe that a woman was attracted to them 
B)  gender 
C)  belief regarding a woman's attraction 
D)  amount of flirtatious behavior

Question 3

A research team hypothesizes that "children will rate a disciplining strategy emphasizing logic and reason as more effective than one based on rewards and punishment" (Barnett et al, 1996, p. 414). In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  children 
B)  type of disciplining strategy 
C)  logic and reason 
D)  effectiveness of disciplining strategy

Question 4

A ______ variable such as "how likely are you to agree with the following statement (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) is measured at the ______ level of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  categorical; nominal 
B)  categorical; ordinal 
C)  categorical; interval 
D)  continuous; ratio

Question 5

In the journal Cyber Psychology and Behavior, a team of researchers hypothesize "Heavy users of online games have less fulfilling interpersonal relationships than individuals who spend very little or no time playing online games" (Lo et al, 2005). In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  satisfaction with interpersonal relationships 
B)  heavy users of online games 
C)  less fulfilling interpersonal relationships 
D)  amount of time playing online games

Question 6

What type of non-experimental research method obtains information directly from a group of people regarding their opinions, beliefs, or behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)  quasi-experimental research 
B)  survey research 
C)  observational research 
D)  archival research

Question 7

Two researchers hypothesize that "parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252). In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  parents 
B)  children 
C)  use of verbal punishment 
D)  number of problem behaviors reported

Question 8

Two researchers hypothesize "consumers would think that a 'sale price' presentation would generate a greater monetary savings than an 'everyday low price' presentation" (Tom & Ruiz, 1997). In this study, the independent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  monetary savings 
B)  consumers 
C)  "sale price" presentation 
D)  type of presentation

Question 9

The final step in the research hypothesis involves ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  developing a research hypothesis to be tested 
B)  collecting data 
C)  analyzing data 
D)  communicating the findings of the study

Question 10

When a researcher has determined that the data will come from responses to a survey, which step in the research process would this fall under?

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting data 
B)  analyzing data 
C)  drawing conclusions regarding the research hypothesis 
D)  communicating the findings of the study

Question 11

A strategy used to minimize the influence of confounding variables is random assignment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Statistics only deals with the collection of the data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A ______ variable such as "type of car driven" is measured at the ______ level of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  categorical; nominal 
B)  continuous; nominal 
C)  categorical; interval 
D)  continuous; ratio

Question 14

Which of the following steps in the research process involves calculating statistics?

Accepted Answer

A)  develop a research hypothesis to be tested 
B)  collect data 
C)  analyze data 
D)  draw a conclusion regarding the research hypothesis

Question 15

Within a research hypothesis, the ______ variable may be thought of as the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent; outcome 
B)  independent; result 
C)  dependent; effect 
D)  dependent; cause

Question 16

"We hypothesized that parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252).In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  problem behaviors reported 
B)  parents 
C)  children 
D)  use of verbal punishment

Question 17

A recent medical study found that children who watch more than 4 hours of television a day were more likely to be obese (overweight) than children who watched less television. In this study, the independent variable is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  obesity 
B)  4 hours of television 
C)  time spent watching television 
D)  children watching television

Question 18

A recent study found that the more impulsive a person is, the more likely he or she will prefer to drink sweet white wines rather than dry white wines (Saliba, Wragg, & Richardson, 2009). In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  type of wine preferred 
B)  level of impulsivity 
C)  wine drinkers 
D)  white wine

Question 19

A hungry instructor who forgot his wallet asks the students in his class to take out and count the change (coins) they have in their pockets. This variable may best be described as being measured at the ______ level of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio

Question 20

A researcher asks people, "How many hours do you spend driving to and from school each week?" This variable may best be described as being measured at the ______ level of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal 
B)  ordinal 
C)  interval 
D)  ratio

Exam 1: Introduction to Statistics

One study found that college students' grades in Introductory Psychology (Psy 1) was a better predictor of their GPA within the Psychology major than their SAT scores (Meeker et al., 1994) . In this study, the independent variable is ______.

A research team hypothesizes that "children will rate a disciplining strategy emphasizing logic and reason as more effective than one based on rewards and punishment" (Barnett et al, 1996, p. 414) . In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

A variable such as "how likely are you to agree with the following statement (strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree) is measured at the level of measurement.

What type of non-experimental research method obtains information directly from a group of people regarding their opinions, beliefs, or behaviors?

Two researchers hypothesize that "parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252) . In this study, the dependent variable is ______.

Two researchers hypothesize "consumers would think that a 'sale price' presentation would generate a greater monetary savings than an 'everyday low price' presentation" (Tom & Ruiz, 1997) . In this study, the independent variable is ______.

The final step in the research hypothesis involves ______.

When a researcher has determined that the data will come from responses to a survey, which step in the research process would this fall under?

A strategy used to minimize the influence of confounding variables is random assignment.

Statistics only deals with the collection of the data.

A variable such as "type of car driven" is measured at the level of measurement.

Which of the following steps in the research process involves calculating statistics?

Within a research hypothesis, the variable may be thought of as the .

"We hypothesized that parents who use more frequent verbal punishment...will report more problem behaviors in their children" (Brenner & Fox, 1998, p. 252) .In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

A recent medical study found that children who watch more than 4 hours of television a day were more likely to be obese (overweight) than children who watched less television. In this study, the independent variable is ______.

A recent study found that the more impulsive a person is, the more likely he or she will prefer to drink sweet white wines rather than dry white wines (Saliba, Wragg, & Richardson, 2009) . In this study, the independent variable is best described as ______.

A hungry instructor who forgot his wallet asks the students in his class to take out and count the change (coins) they have in their pockets. This variable may best be described as being measured at the ______ level of measurement.

A researcher asks people, "How many hours do you spend driving to and from school each week?" This variable may best be described as being measured at the ______ level of measurement.