Question 1

The ability for counselors to manage their personal values so they do not contaminate the counseling process is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   value conflicts.
B)   value exploration.
C)   discrimination.
D)   bracketing. D

Question 2

With respect to values in the counseling process, the authors contend that:

Accepted Answer

A)   it is important that counselors clarify their values and the ways in which they enter the therapeutic process.
B)   counselors can avoid communicating values to their clients by not explicitly sharing them.
C)   it is best to keep values hidden so they won't contaminate their client's choices.
D)   their job is to help clients conform to socially acceptable standards. A

Question 3

Value discrimination could be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)   when a counselor is too eager to suggest a referral when the client shares differing values on race, religion, national origin, age, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, disability, marital status/partnership, language preference, or socioeconomic status.
B)   considering a referral only when you clearly lack the necessary skills to deal with the issues presented by the client.
C)   a counselor directly attempting to influence a client to adopt their values, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior.
D)   the ability of counselors to manage their personal values so they do not contaminate the counseling process. A

Question 4

Ruth is counseling a woman who describes an extremely unhappy marriage. Ruth suggests she consider leaving her husband; however, the client has a deep spiritual conviction that marriage is for life and is not willing to consider divorce as an option. Ruth attempts to change her client's viewpoint. In this case, Ruth is:

Accepted Answer

A)   teaching her client to look at the negative consequences of her decision.
B)   exploring the client's spiritual reasons for staying in the marriage.
C)   imposing her values on the client instead of exploring the client's reasons for staying in the marriage.
D)   helping her client to explore healthy options.

Question 5

Thomas has AIDS and has decided to end his life rather than continue suffering. The counselor he is working with does not condone rational suicide. In this case, the counselor needs to:

Accepted Answer

A)   work with Thomas rather than referring him, and seek supervision and education to assist the counselor to be more capable of working with Thomas.
B)   learn as much as possible about the course of Thomas's illness.
C)   explore the impact of Thomas's religious beliefs on making his decision to end his life.
D)   help Thomas seek medical treatment that will help him cope with his pain.

Question 6

Research has provided evidence that therapists' values influence:

Accepted Answer

A)   every phase of psychotherapy.
B)   every phase of psychotherapy except for termination.
C)   only the initial phase of psychotherapy.
D)   no phase of psychotherapy if it is conducted properly.

Question 7

The authors of this text view referrals:

Accepted Answer

A)   as the best option when they face a clash of values with their clients.
B)   as a moral imperative.
C)   as the last resort.
D)   as a need for the therapeutic relationship.

Question 8

The value system of the counselor:

Accepted Answer

A)   may be better than the client's.
B)   is important to follow in therapy.
C)   can determine the direction of counseling if it is not monitored.
D)   never creates stress or unethical situations in the therapeutic relationship.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spirituality and religion tend to fluctuate in importance to Americans.
B)   Freud believed that religious faith was important in the lives of his patients, which stemmed from his own strong religious beliefs.
C)   Counselors must understand their own spiritual/religious beliefs (or lack thereof)  if they hope to gain an in- depth appreciation of the beliefs of their clients.
D)   When clients are searching for meaning in life, it is appropriate for therapists to strongly suggest they seek religion as an answer.

Question 10

The Death with Dignity Act is a law in which state?

Accepted Answer

A)   New York
B)   Texas
C)   Oregon
D)   California

Question 11

The "freedom of conscience" clause states:

Accepted Answer

A)   the client has the freedom to decide where to go in therapy.
B)   the therapist has the right to refer clients because of spiritual beliefs.
C)   the client has the right to know what the therapist is thinking.
D)   mental health professionals will not put their licensure status in jeopardy by denying services to clients on the basis of sincerely held religious beliefs.

Question 12

Disagreeing with a client or not liking what a client is proposing can create a:

Accepted Answer

A)   value imposition.
B)   value exploration.
C)   value conflict.
D)   personal value.

Question 13

A client-defined sense of spirituality:

Accepted Answer

A)   is not very important in therapy.
B)   can be a significant avenue for connecting with the client and can be an ally in the therapeutic change process.
C)   can create difficulty in the client's therapeutic process.
D)   is more important if the therapist shares a similar definition.

Question 14

Which of the following statements on spirituality and religion is true today?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are both ethically appropriate topics to discuss, can play a major part in the client's life, and can be a significant source of strength.
B)   The role of spirituality in counseling is not considered an appropriate topic for discussion.
C)   Spiritual and religious matters are not therapeutically relevant.
D)   The therapist does not need to be sincerely interested in the client's spiritual beliefs to utilize them in the therapeutic process.

Question 15

In Jennifer Keeton vs. Augusta State University, the federal appeals court:

Accepted Answer

A)   upheld the decision that the university was justified in dismissing Ward for violating provisions of the code of ethics that prohibit discrimination based on race, religion, national origin, age, sexual orientation, gender, gender identity, disability, marital status/partnership, language preference, or socioeconomic status.
B)   upheld the right of the university to enforce standards expected of students in a counseling program, even when a student objects on religious grounds.
C)   upheld the decision that the university was not justified in dismissing Ward for violating provisions of the code of ethics.
D)   decided the university did not have the right to enforce standards expected of students in a counseling program, even when a student objects on religious grounds.

Question 16

Mary is seeking abortion counseling from a practitioner who has been actively involved in the pro-life movement.______________________ The therapist has extreme discomfort with Mary's values and doesn't think he could maintain objectivity. It would be best if he:

Accepted Answer

A)   doesn't share his values with Mary and work within the value system of his client.
B)   help Mary understand his values so she can make a different decision concerning her pregnancy.
C)   not refer Mary, but work within the client's values rather than his own. If he cannot obtain objectivity, he will need supervision to work through his issues. Referring Mary to another therapist for this reason could be determined as abandonment.
D)   set firm boundaries with Mary on what she can discuss in regards to her pregnancy.

Question 17

It is important for the counselor to refrain from self-disclosing:

Accepted Answer

A)   never.
B)   when the self-disclosure will make it more difficult to establish a trusting relationship.
C)   when the self-disclosure may help the client therapeutically.
D)   always.

Question 18

From a legal perspective, mental health professionals are expected to exercise "reasonable care" in working with clients who are considering abortion. If they fail to do so, clients can take legal action against them for:

Accepted Answer

A)   negligence.
B)   breach of confidentiality.
C)   being unreasonable.
D)   insufficient knowledge.

Question 19

If a therapist is secure in his or her own values:

Accepted Answer

A)   he or she should use them to steer the client toward any direction he or she wants to in therapy.
B)   he or she will not be threatened by really listening to, and deeply understanding, people who think differently or do not share the same world view.
C)   a referral to another therapist may be necessary.
D)   he or she will focus on his or her problem rather than the client's.

Question 20

The reason why many counselor education programs encourage or require personal therapy for counselors in training is to engage in:

Accepted Answer

A)   value imposition.
B)   personal values.
C)   value exploration.
D)   value conflicts.

Exam 3: Values and the Helping Relationship