Question 1

For years, debate has focused on whether breast feeding is better for the infant than bottle feeding. The growing consensus is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  breast feeding is better for the baby's health. 
B)  bottle feeding is better for the baby's health. 
C)  breast feeding is better for bonding between mother and infant, whereas bottle feeding is better for the baby's health. 
D)  there are no differences in health outcomes for babies who are breast fed and babies who are bottle fed.

Question 2

A national study of more than 3,000 randomly selected 4- to 24-month-olds documented that:

Accepted Answer

A)  many U.S. parents are feeding their babies too many fruits and not enough vegetables. 
B)  U.S. parents are feeding their babies fruits and vegetables, and very little junk food. 
C)  by one year, bananas were the most common fruit that babies ate. 
D)  by 15 months, French fries were the most common vegetable that babies ate.

Question 3

Memory without conscious recollection. This includes memories of skills and routine procedures (e.g., crawling) that are performed automatically.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Memory without conscious recollection. This includes memories...

Question 4

In which of the following circumstances is it recommended that a mother NOT breast feed?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the mother plans to return to full-time work soon 
B)  If the mother has active tuberculosis 
C)  If the mother is 40 or older 
D)  If the baby is overweight

Question 5

The recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  rehabituation. 
B)  dishabituation. 
C)  attention search. 
D)  preference viewing.

Question 6

When an infant turns his head because his cheek was stroked, this is evidence that he responds to:

Accepted Answer

A)  touch. 
B)  smell. 
C)  taste. 
D)  sound.

Question 7

The most successful instrument used to assess infant's brain activity is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI. 
B)  PET scan. 
C)  EEG. 
D)  fMRI.

Question 8

Amira is concerned about putting her baby on his stomach to sleep because of the risk that he might stop breathing, usually during the night, and die suddenly without an apparent cause. In other words, she is concerned about:

Accepted Answer

A)  shaken baby syndrome. 
B)  sudden infant death syndrome. 
C)  Down syndrome. 
D)  marasmus.

Question 9

In cautioning that research on breast feeding is correlational, researchers cited characteristics of women who are more likely to breast feed that may influence the correlational findings. What are three of those characteristics?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In cautioning that research on breast feeding...

Question 10

Two-year-old Anita has learned the word "dog" to identify the family pet Rover. Now Anita says the word "dog" when she sees any animal. Anita has _____ these animals into her existing scheme.

Accepted Answer

A)  associated 
B)  accommodated 
C)  assimilated 
D)  applied

Question 11

_____ are built-in reactions to stimuli; they govern the newborn's movements, which are automatic and beyond the newborn's control.

Accepted Answer

A)  Instincts 
B)  Reflexes 
C)  Impulses 
D)  Urges

Question 12

Which statement is FALSE regarding Meltzoff's research and position on imitation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants do not blindly imitate everything they see. 
B)  Nine-month-old babies can demonstrate deferred imitation. 
C)  Newborns begin imitating facial expressions within the first 72 hours. 
D)  Imitation is primarily nurture when considering the nature versus nurture question.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is TRUE about brain development?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brain grows exponentially from conception to birth, causing the brain to be completely developed at birth. 
B)  The process of brain development continues through the first year after birth and then stops. 
C)  Extensive brain development continues after birth, through infancy and later. 
D)  Brain development continues after birth only among premature babies.

Question 14

When Anna took her infant daughter, Chloe, to the clinic for a checkup, it looked like the nurse was tickling Chloe's feet. Chloe would twist her foot and fan out her toes. The nurse was checking Chloe's _______ reflex.

Accepted Answer

A)  Moro 
B)  stepping 
C)  Babinski 
D)  grasping

Question 15

Give an example of the way an infant might demonstrate the A-not-B error and two of the criticisms of Piaget's view of it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Give an example of the way an...

Question 16

As an infant, Mary suffered damage to _____ of the brain, causing her to have poor comprehension. Also, her speech is fluent, but incomprehensible.

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area 
B)  SMA area 
C)  Morton's area 
D)  Wernicke's area

Question 17

Baby Luis is interacting with grandma and makes gurgling sounds in the back of his throat to express his pleasure. This demonstrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  talking. 
B)  babbling. 
C)  crying. 
D)  cooing.

Question 18

Jake, age 11 months, is able to pick up cereal and bits of fruit off the tray of his high chair by grasping them with his thumb and forefinger. Jake has developed the:

Accepted Answer

A)  palmer grasp. 
B)  pincer grip. 
C)  Moro reflex. 
D)  fencing reflex.

Question 19

What is joint attention? Describe how it applies to language development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is joint attention? Describe how it...

Question 20

Winnie is considering the use of anesthesia during the circumcision of her newborn son. She wants to know if newborns can feel pain. What would you tell her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, recent research indicates that infants can feel pain. 
B)  No, infants cannot feel pain. 
C)  Maybe, research on the matter is inconclusive as of now. 
D)  Maybe, the level of pain felt depends on the newborn's resilience.

Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy