Question 1

The process of encasing axons with fat cells to speed neural transmissions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of encasing axons with fat...

Question 2

Which of the following statements is TRUE of early neuron development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Synaptic connections begin to develop only after birth. 
B)  Myelination begins prenatally and stops at birth. 
C)  The synaptic connections that are used become strengthened and survive, while the unused ones are replaced by other pathways or disappear. 
D)  The human brain actually needs more than twice the neural connections made in the first years of life.

Question 3

Kuhl found that baby's brains are most open to learning the consonants in their native language at_____ and vowels in their native language at _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  six months; nine months 
B)  nine months; six months 
C)  three months; five months 
D)  five months; three months

Question 4

Describe two physiological issues that are more common in SIDS cases.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe two physiological issues that are more...

Question 5

When four-year-old Melanie ties shoelaces on her own and skillfully uses a fork and spoon, she is demonstrating her:

Accepted Answer

A)  rooting reflex. 
B)  fine motor skills. 
C)  Moro reflex. 
D)  gross motor skills.

Question 6

Explain the primary differences between a nativist approach and an empiricist approach to perceptual development in infancy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the primary differences between a nativist...

Question 7

Choose the list that shows the predictors of SIDS, from the strongest to the least strong.

Accepted Answer

A)  Maternal smoking, prone sleeping, not breast feeding, bed sharing 
B)  Prone sleeping, maternal smoking, bed sharing, not breast feeding 
C)  Prone sleeping, bed sharing, maternal smoking, not breast feeding 
D)  Maternal smoking, bed sharing, prone sleeping, not breast feeding

Question 8

Renee remembers very little about the first three years of her life. Most of what she knows from that time in her life comes from pictures and videos she has seen. Psychologists find this normal and call it:

Accepted Answer

A)  retroactive memory interference. 
B)  infantile amnesia. 
C)  child memory loss. 
D)  memory trace.

Question 9

_____ are cognitive groupings of similar objects, events, people, or ideas.

Accepted Answer

A)  Symbols 
B)  Concepts 
C)  Habits 
D)  Semantics

Question 10

When infants watch an object while exploring it manually and discover information about the object's texture, size, and hardness, they are exhibiting:

Accepted Answer

A)  perceptual motor coupling. 
B)  concrete operational thought. 
C)  episodic memories. 
D)  social referencing.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about perception in infants is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infants are not able to perceive the localization of a sound. 
B)  Newborns cannot hear soft sounds quite as well as adults can. 
C)  Infants are very sensitive to the pitch of a sound. 
D)  Infants can recognize the rhyme and pace of a story mothers read repeatedly before they were born.

Question 12

The rapid increase in an infant's vocabulary starting at about 18 months of age is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  the secular trend. 
B)  telegraphic speech. 
C)  the vocabulary spurt. 
D)  phonetic advancement.

Question 13

Your ability to process language in the left hemisphere and spatial thinking in the right hemisphere is due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  linearity. 
B)  mastery. 
C)  lateralization. 
D)  learning.

Question 14

Darren was in a car accident and has suffered brain damage. He can understand what people are saying to him, but he has trouble speaking words in response. Darren has damage to his:

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's area. 
B)  Wernicke's area. 
C)  SMA area. 
D)  Morton's area.

Question 15

Carolyn Rovee-Collier's research with the infants using a ribbon and a mobile was able to show that:

Accepted Answer

A)  infants as young as 2.5 months can remember information. 
B)  infants can grasp a ribbon just hours after birth. 
C)  object permanence doesn't develop until after three years of age. 
D)  infants have a sense of justice and fairness.

Question 16

This is Piaget's concept that describes the cognitive conflict that occurs when information in the environment is inconsistent with the child's current schemes. This conflict is the motivation to modify schemes or develop new schemes that are more consistent with the outside world.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This is Piaget's concept that describes the...

Question 17

Zoe heard a child on the playground singing, "fa la fa la fa la." Later that evening while the family was eating dinner Zoe started singing, "fa la fa la fa la" just the way she heard it earlier in the day. Zoe is demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

A)  dishabituation. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  object permanence. 
D)  deferred imitation.

Question 18

Michael has been keeping a journal of his infant son's development. Looking back over the entries he sees that his son could wave his arms and hands to knock things over before he could pick up a toy. Michael is noticing the _____ pattern of growth.

Accepted Answer

A)  proximodistal 
B)  cephalocaudal 
C)  proximocaudal 
D)  cephalodistal

Question 19

A recent study found that child-directed speech in a one-to-one social context at 11 to 14 months of age was linked to:

Accepted Answer

A)  greater word production at age two. 
B)  lower SES parents and families. 
C)  lower vocabulary skills at age four. 
D)  greater difficulties in speech production at age three.

Question 20

Which statement is FALSE regarding eye tracking?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows for greater precision in assessing looking and gaze than is possible with human observation. 
B)  It has improved our understanding of atypically developing infants. 
C)  It has been used to study attention, memory, and face processing. 
D)  Frantz developed this method for his "looking chambers."

Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy