Question 1

The acquisition of which of the following was viewed by Piaget as underlying covert problem solving, deferred imitation, and the mature concept of object permanence?

Accepted Answer

A) intentionality of behaviour 
B) trial-and-error experimentation 
C) symbolic mental activity 
D) reversible thought operations

Question 2

Rachelle and Sunjai both teach introductory calculus to high school students.Rachelle most often uses cooperative learning activities in her classes, whereas Sunjai most often uses independent, discovery-based activities.Based on this information, with which cognitive theorist would Rachelle and Sunjai most likely agree?

Accepted Answer

A) Sunjai would agree with Vygotsky, and Rachelle would agree with Piaget. 
B) Both Rachelle and Sunjai would agree with Vygotsky, and neither would agree with Piaget. 
C) Rachelle would agree with Vygotsky, and Sunjai would agree with Piaget. 
D) Both Rachelle and Sunjai would agree with Piaget, and neither would agree with Vygotsky.

Question 3

According to Piaget, what stage of development occurs from age 2 through to age 7?

Accepted Answer

A) sensorimotor 
B) preoperational 
C) concrete operational 
D) formal operational

Question 4

John Rey is playing with a ball when it rolls under the couch.Even though he cannot see where the ball went, John Rey immediately starts to search for it.According to Piaget, what accounts for John Rey's behaviour in response to this event?

Accepted Answer

A) He has not yet mastered object permanence. 
B) He has not yet mastered conservation. 
C) He has mastered the concept of conservation. 
D) He has mastered the concept of object permanence.

Question 5

Suppose that you observe a child intentionally move blankets and pillows that are covering toys she wants.What Piagetian period is this behaviour characteristic of?

Accepted Answer

A) the first sensorimotor substage 
B) the middle of the sensorimotor period 
C) the end of the sensorimotor period 
D) the preoperational period

Question 6

Which statement best summarizes the research findings regarding the behavioural outcome of children who engage in a great deal of pretend play during the preschool years?

Accepted Answer

A) They are more creative and less likely to use rules. 
B) They perform better on tests of Piagetian cognitive development. 
C) They find it more difficult to settle down to academic work once they begin school. 
D) They are less able to distinguish between appearance and reality.

Question 7

Camilla and Frank both teach Grade 4 students.Camilla most often uses cooperative learning activities, whereas Frank most often uses independent, discovery-based activities.Based on this information, with which cognitive theorist would Camilla and Frank most likely agree?

Accepted Answer

A) Frank would agree with Vygotsky and Camilla would agree with Piaget. 
B) Both Camilla and Frank would agree with Vygotsky and neither would agree with Piaget. 
C) Camilla would agree with Vygotsky and Frank would agree with Piaget. 
D) Both Camilla and Frank would agree with Piaget and neither would agree with Vygotsky.

Question 8

Aiza is upset because she is convinced that her brother's cookie is bigger than hers.Her dad quickly breaks Aiza's cookie in two and tells her that she now has "more cookie." If Aiza is satisfied by this, how would Piaget explain her response?

Accepted Answer

A) She has not yet mastered object permanence. 
B) She understands egocentrism. 
C) She does not yet understand conservation. 
D) She has mastered animistic thinking.

Question 9

Daniel is 3 months old and he loves to suck his thumb.He does it over and over again, every chance he gets.Daniel's behaviour is characteristic of which stage of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A) coordination of secondary schemes 
B) primary circular reactions 
C) secondary circular reactions 
D) coordination of tertiary schemes

Question 10

Which of the following would be a slogan of neonativism?

Accepted Answer

A) "Abilities arise from experiential learning." 
B) "The newborn arrives with much knowledge." 
C) "Development is totally flexible." 
D) "Knowledge is constructed from early reflexes."

Question 11

According to Robbie Case, children's memory improvements in recall stem from increases in which of the following cognitive components?

Accepted Answer

A) operating efficiency of the long-term store 
B) operating efficiency of the short-term store 
C) physical capacity of the long-term store 
D) physical capacity of the short-term store

Question 12

According to Piaget, the development of which of the following is the hallmark characteristic of successful completion of the sensorimotor period?

Accepted Answer

A) object permanence 
B) symbolic abstraction 
C) decentration 
D) conservation

Question 13

Identify two types of logical reasoning that distinguish formal-operational thought from concrete-operational thought.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify two types of logical reasoning that...

Question 14

Three-year-old Mackenzie has broken a plastic model airplane that belongs to his 9-year-old brother, Simon.Simon investigates to determine whether it was an accident or a deliberate action on Mackenzie's part.What does Simon's interest in the intentionality of the act demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) He has a poorly developed sense of personal agency. 
B) He has a belief-desire theory of mind. 
C) He has an entity view of ability. 
D) He has awareness of process-oriented praise.

Question 15

Describe what Piaget meant when he described children as constructivists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what Piaget meant when he described...

Question 16

According to Vygotsky, the longitudinal observation of a child's development of toy sharing would be appropriate for which type of research?

Accepted Answer

A) ontogenetic 
B) microgenetic 
C) phylogenetic 
D) sociohistorical

Question 17

Compare and contrast Vygotsky's and Piaget's views on general cognitive growth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast Vygotsky's and Piaget's views...

Question 18

Robbie Case emphasized the role of cultural experience as vital to a child's ability to master new skills.In this respect, which theorist is his perspective most like?

Accepted Answer

A) Piaget 
B) Vygotsky 
C) Skinner 
D) Freud

Question 19

Based on the findings of recent research, what characterises the children who gain the most from collaborative learning situations with their peers?

Accepted Answer

A) those who had previously worked on the task with parental assistance 
B) those who were initially at the same level of competence as their learning partners, regardless of prior parental involvement 
C) those who had previously worked on the task successfully on their own without parental assistance 
D) those who were initially less competent than their learning partners, regardless of prior parental assistance

Question 20

How do neo-Piagetian models of cognitive development differ from Piaget's original theory?

Accepted Answer

A) They incorporate the notion of parallel, distributed processing of information in human cognition. 
B) They incorporate the role that adults and more knowledgeable peers play in cognitive development. 
C) They do not incorporate the concept of stages with respect to cognitive development. 
D) They incorporate age-related changes in working memory and executive control processes.

Exam 8: Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory, Cases Neo-Piagetian Theory, and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint