Question 1

It could be argued that change blindness is adaptive because it:

Accepted Answer

A)   saves space in working memory
B)   prioritizes important information
C)   decreases encoding time and effort
D)   reduces the need for rehearsal B

Question 2

Yesterday you taught your dog to crawl across the floor while barking.If the dog is to perform this fabulous trick tomorrow,then he will need to _____ the trick,then _____ the trick,then _____ the trick.

Accepted Answer

A)   encode; store; retrieve
B)   store; encode; retrieve
C)   rehearse; store; retrieve
D)   store; rehearse; retrieve A

Question 3

Memory researchers often ask participants in their studies to try to remember lists of words.Which of the following statements is a finding from these kinds of studies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Memory is a nearly exact copy of original events.
B)   People can be sure whether a word appeared on a list or not.
C)   Women are much less prone to inaccurate memory than men are.
D)   People sometimes falsely remember information and do not realize it. D

Question 4

Cognitive structures that help us perceive,organize,process,and use information are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory memory
B)   schemas
C)   working memory
D)   none of the above

Question 5

Scientists have developed a new drug that leaves your current memory intact,but people who take the drug can no longer learn new information.This drug produces:

Accepted Answer

A)   anterograde amnesia
B)   retrograde amnesia
C)   relearning interference
D)   proactive amnesia

Question 6

Shannon has a biology exam next week.To be sure that she really knows the material,she should:

Accepted Answer

A)   cram the night before the test
B)   test herself on the material
C)   make up multiple-choice questions
D)   use maintenance rehearsal

Question 7

Jacob has to write an essay for his college writing class and decides to write about a boy who makes a boat from popsicle sticks and sails it every day.When his teacher reads the essay,she realizes that Jacob got the idea from a popular book.Jacob denies knowing about the story from a book and honestly believes he thought of it himself.He is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

A)   a concussion
B)   cryptomnesia
C)   source amnesia
D)   transience

Question 8

Your best friend's favorite hamster died while you and a new neighbor were there.The most vivid memory of the event will be _____ because _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   yours; you have the best perspective
B)   the neighbor's; she was totally unbiased
C)   your friend's; she was emotionally involved
D)   the neighbor's; she was getting new information

Question 9

Fayd is studying for his English literature exam.For each novel he has read for the course,he tries to think of how the novel relates to his own life.This activity requires that he really think about the themes and characters in the book.Fayd is using the mnemonic strategy of:

Accepted Answer

A)   maintenance rehearsal
B)   practice
C)   chunking
D)   elaborative rehearsal

Question 10

People usually remember how many days there are in the months of September,October,and May by using:

Accepted Answer

A)   verbal mnemonics
B)   episodic memory
C)   semantic memory
D)   elaborative retrieval

Question 11

People often maintain stereotypes about groups even after they have met individuals who contradict the stereotype.Given the phenomenon of memory bias,what might one reason be that a stereotype does not change with new information?

Accepted Answer

A)   The memory for the individual shifts in the direction of the stereotype.
B)   Memories of the individual are incorrectly combined into new ones.
C)   Other people with similar beliefs give false interpretations of the individual.
D)   The person does not recognize the beliefs to be a stereotype.

Question 12

Yu-sheng,Jocelyn,and Juan are in three different introductory anthropology classes.Yu-sheng's class takes a multiple-choice midterm.Jocelyn's class takes a short-answer midterm.Juan's class takes an essay midterm.Which student(s)take(s)the midterm that requires the greatest depth of processing?

Accepted Answer

A)   Yu-sheng
B)   Jocelyn
C)   Juan
D)   Jocelyn and Juan

Question 13

Harry was reading the textbook for his potions class and was trying to relate the material to his own experiences.According to the levels of processing model of memory,this would be considered:

Accepted Answer

A)   deep processing
B)   consolidation
C)   shallow processing
D)   transfiguration

Question 14

A psychologist who agreed with associative network theories would suggest that the best way to set up a computer hard drive to mimic human memory would be to organize the information into:

Accepted Answer

A)   alphabetically tagged files
B)   nested files
C)   temporally flagged files
D)   hierarchical files

Question 15

Karl's grandmother,who came from Poland,died when he was three.He can remember very little about her.In fact,he has no conscious memories of the wonderful Polish food she used to cook.One day,Karl walks by a Polish restaurant and is flooded with memories of his grandmother.The food served as a _____ for Karl's memories of his grandmother.

Accepted Answer

A)   mnemonic
B)   mental image
C)   frame
D)   retrieval cue

Question 16

When Rhuju walks past the chemistry building,she remembers that she has a lab report due the next day.The chemistry building served as a _____ that _____ triggered her prospective memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   priming stimulus; automatically
B)   priming stimulus; consciously
C)   retrieval cue; automatically
D)   retrieval cue; consciously

Question 17

On the bus last week,Kyohei heard two women talking about someone named Enisa for the entire 30 minutes of the trip.Today,the woman sitting next to Kyohei in class told her friend that Enisa was coming.Kyohei assumed that Enisa was someone famous and wondered why she did not know her.Kyohei is experiencing the:

Accepted Answer

A)   misinformation effect
B)   repetition priming effect
C)   false fame effect
D)   source attribution effect

Question 18

The brain is selective about the information that gets stored in long-term memory.This selectivity may be evolutionarily advantageous because:

Accepted Answer

A)   only a limited amount of space is available in long-term memory
B)   information that aids in reproduction and survival is emphasized
C)   increased selectivity is associated with greater intelligence
D)   selectivity improves the organization of information in long-term memory

Question 19

Asking an eyewitnesses how tall or how short the suspect was could result in:

Accepted Answer

A)   repressed memories
B)   confabulation
C)   suggestibility
D)   cross-ethnic identification

Question 20

People are especially bad eyewitnesses when:

Accepted Answer

A)   they do not feel confident about their testimony
B)   the person who committed the crime is of the same race as the eyewitness
C)   they are asked to recall an event that occurred in the real world
D)   the person who committed the crime is of a different race than the eyewitness

Exam 7: Attention and Memory