Question 1

James accidentally got his hands on a butter knife. When James's mother took the knife and put it where he could no long reach or see it, James howled and kept trying to reach for the knife that had disappeared. According to Piaget, James's behavior is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  object stability 
B)  object mobility 
C)  object permanence 
D)  object constancy

Question 2

According to Piaget, the sensorimotor period comprises six substages. List and define each substage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Piaget, the sensorimotor period comprises...

Question 3

Five-month-old Stewart enjoyed repeatedly shaking his rattle in new and innovative ways in order to hear the different sounds each new movement made. According to Piaget, Stewart is demonstrating a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple reflex 
B)  primary circular reaction 
C)  secondary circular reaction 
D)  tertiary circular reaction

Question 4

Jungyun has been producing the sounds "ba-ba-ba" and "da-da-da" repeatedly. Jungyun is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  speaking 
B)  cooing 
C)  babbling 
D)  comprehending

Question 5

Define holophrases and telegraphic speech, and provide one example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define holophrases and telegraphic speech, and provide...

Question 6

When 10-month-old Mary Kate was placed on the floor with a pile of toys, she actively pushed toys out of her way in an effort to reach her partially covered favorite toy telephone. According to Piaget, Mary Kate demonstrated __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  target-directed behavior 
B)  goal-directed behavior 
C)  center-directed behavior 
D)  focused behavior

Question 7

The first time Aiesha saw a flying squirrel, she called it a bird. Aiesha is __________ the squirrel to her existing schema of bird.

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodating 
B)  assimilating 
C)  comparing 
D)  categorizing

Question 8

Nineteen-month-old Evan enjoys books, and he often says, "Read book." This is Evan's shorthand version of "I would like you to read a book to me." This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  telegraphic speech 
B)  telegram speech 
C)  telephone speech 
D)  telepicture speech

Question 9

Three-month-old Lionel loved to suck on his fingers. He was quite fond of putting his fingers in his mouth and then pulling them out only to look them over for a minute or two before putting them back in his mouth. He repeated this behavior over and over. Lionel's behavior with his fingers illustrates a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple reflex 
B)  primary circular reaction 
C)  secondary circular reaction 
D)  tertiary circular reaction

Question 10

Some __________ are complete words, whereas others add information necessary for interpreting a word, such as the endings -s for plural and -ed for past tense.

Accepted Answer

A)  phonemes 
B)  morphemes 
C)  semantics 
D)  phonology

Question 11

Kiki, a 28-month-old infant, has completed a test measuring both mental and motor abilities. Which of the following tests was administered?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bayley Scales of Infant Development 
B)  Gesell Scales of Infant Development 
C)  visual-recognition memory measurement 
D)  developmental quotient

Question 12

Research on deaf infants reveals which of the following comparisons in language development when compared with non-deaf infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deaf infants appear not to babble, as do non-deaf infants. 
B)  Mothers of deaf and non-deaf children both employ infant-directed speech. 
C)  Deaf infants do not seem to overextend when acquiring language. 
D)  Deaf infants are more likely to demonstrate underextensions when acquiring language.

Question 13

Sixteen-year-old Amber has just completed a driver education course. She often comments to friends that at first driving required her undivided attention, but with a little practice she often finds that she has driven home without being aware of stopping for traffic lights or stop signs. According to the information-processing approach, driving has become __________ for Amber.

Accepted Answer

A)  automatic 
B)  boring 
C)  time consuming 
D)  trivial

Question 14

Making speechlike but meaningless sounds is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bubbling 
B)  gibber 
C)  babbling 
D)  prattle

Question 15

Dylan is learning language. His parents believe that if they use reinforcement, Dylan will learn language at a faster rate. Which theory of language has influenced Dylan's parents?

Accepted Answer

A)  learning theory 
B)  nativist approaches 
C)  interactionist approaches 
D)  linguistic approaches

Question 16

Eighteen-month-old Lawrence's favorite pastime is to roll balls around the house. He particularly likes to roll balls under the furniture and run to where he thinks they might emerge. This is an example of a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mind representation 
B)  mental image 
C)  mental symbol 
D)  mental representation

Question 17

Martha went from person to person asking whether they wanted some birthday cake, but when she asked the youngest children at the party, her voice pitch rose and she spoke with a type of singing quality. Martha was utilizing __________ with the children present.

Accepted Answer

A)  attention-getting speech 
B)  infant-directed speech 
C)  holographic speech 
D)  telegraphic speech

Question 18

Infant-directed speech is a type of speech directed toward infants, characterized by short, simple sentences. Have you spoken to your child using this type of speech? What did you notice about your infant's response to this type of speech? Is there a difference in the level of interest that your infant displays depending on the type of speech you use? Explain. How do you think the use of infant-directed speech facilitates language development? What role has it played in your relationship with your infant?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infant-directed speech is a type of speech...

Question 19

List and describe the three basic aspects of information processing.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

First words are generally spoken around the age of 10 to 14 months. What have you observed with your own child in regard to language development? Has your child spoken his/her first words yet, and has that development coincided with your text's description of typical first words spoken? Explain. When do you think your child will speak first sentences in relation to when first words were spoken?

Accepted Answer

The answer of First words are generally spoken around the...

Exam 6: Cognitive Development in Infancy