Question 1

Elaboration involves the creation of meaningful links between items that you are attempting to remember.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The memory strategy of _____ involves repeating items that you are trying to learn and remember.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The memory strategy of _____ involves repeating...

Question 3

Acquiring domain-specific expertise tends to lead to

Accepted Answer

A) great improvement in cognitive skills in unrelated areas. 
B) improved cognitive skills in areas related to the domain. 
C) increased fuzzy traces. 
D) utilization deficiency.

Question 4

An _____ memory occurs as the result of a deliberate, intentional effort.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An _____ memory occurs as the result...

Question 5

Saffron is presented with the following list of items to memorize: bagel, carrot, ham, corn, hot dog, donut, bread, chicken, peas. Her immediate reaction is to think of the items in the following way: (bagel, donut, bread), (carrot, corn, peas), (ham, hotdog, chicken). This reaction would indicate that Saffron is using the strategy of

Accepted Answer

A) rehearsal. 
B) elaboration. 
C) organization. 
D) method of loci.

Question 6

Why can't a lack of language be used to fully account for infantile amnesia?

Accepted Answer

A) Because the "amnesia" includes the inability to recall non-verbal information like faces 
B) Because language skills do not impact memory abilities, even in adults 
C) Because mute children (those who never speak) do not display infantile amnesia 
D) Because mothers who talk to infants are recalled longer than those who don't

Question 7

The fact that some forms of amnesia destroy explicit memory but not implicit memory indicates that

Accepted Answer

A) these forms of memory operate independently. 
B) implicit memory is learned and explicit is innate. 
C) explicit memory develops earlier than implicit memory. 
D) long-term memory lacks organization.

Question 8

Allison is attempting to recall the code number that she uses to unlock her high school locker. As she tries different combinations, a part of her consciously keeps track of the combinations of numbers she has already tried. Information-processing theorists would refer to this aspect of Allison's cognitive system as her

Accepted Answer

A) fuzzy-trace. 
B) sensory register. 
C) executive control process. 
D) implicit memory.

Question 9

Which best describes the memory abilities of an infant human?

Accepted Answer

A) Cue-dependent and context-independent 
B) Cue-dependent and context-specific 
C) Cue-independent and context-independent 
D) Cue-independent and context-specific

Question 10

In the information-processing model, the purpose of the sensory register is to

Accepted Answer

A) briefly hold a piece of information for possible processing. 
B) control the activities of long-term memory. 
C) retrieve data from short-term memory. 
D) develop strategies for storing encoded data.

Question 11

Information typically stays in _____ for the briefest amount of time.

Accepted Answer

A) working memory 
B) short-term memory 
C) long-term memory 
D) sensory register

Question 12

Infants demonstrate memory when they habituate to a stimulus that is repeatedly presented.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Eight-year-old Hawthorne has several accurate, well-developed scripts, including one for a visit to the doctor's office. Which is the most likely example of her doctor's office script?

Accepted Answer

A) Enter clinic, tell mom she feels better, sit in waiting room, see doctor, get shot (inoculation) in arm, cry 
B) Realizing that doctors earn money so that they can buy things 
C) Envisioning herself performing brain surgery on a patient 
D) Remembering that her favorite television show, ER, is also about doctors

Question 14

Which is the best example of an autobiographical memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Recalling that the War of 1812 was fought in 1812 
B) Recalling the heated argument between you and you mom that broke out at your wedding 
C) Thinking about the hot ham sandwich that you are going to have for lunch 
D) Understanding that numbers are easier to recall when they are chunked into groups

Question 15

An autobiographical memory is a memory for

Accepted Answer

A) historical events that occurred before your conception. 
B) other people's lives. 
C) past personal experiences. 
D) future possible events in one's life.

Question 16

The strategy of making a meaningful link between items in order to help remember them is called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The strategy of making a meaningful link...

Question 17

If short-term memory capacity is "domain-specific," then

Accepted Answer

A) all children should have the same short-term memory capacity size. 
B) the more you know about something, the larger short-term memory capacity size will be for related items. 
C) it is solely determined by biological factors, not experience. 
D) it cannot be impacted by the size of working memory.

Question 18

Older children can learn faster and remember more than younger children because older children typically show a significant increase in

Accepted Answer

A) the size of their sensory register. 
B) childhood amnesia. 
C) the capacity of long-term memory. 
D) working-memory space available for constructive use.

Question 19

As a typical 80-year-old Irvine would have the greatest number of autobiographical memories from his

Accepted Answer

A) early childhood. 
B) teens and 20s. 
C) 30s and 40s. 
D) 50s and 60s.

Question 20

An explicit memory

Accepted Answer

A) always has a sexual overtone. 
B) is deliberately recalled. 
C) occurs only after a hint has been given. 
D) involves recalling behaviors but not ideas.

Exam 8: Memory and Information Processing