Question 1

Which of the following methods would encourage Dottie's child to engage in altruistic behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  To have the child participate in every activity he/she can. 
B)  To not dwell on or praise any spontaneous acts of altruism she observes in her child. 
C)  To model the behaviour herself. 
D)  To do nothing and let the child's natural altruistic instinct take over.

Question 2

When do altruistic acts in children tend to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the cost of the act is low 
B)  when the cost of the act is high 
C)  when the cost of the act is unknown 
D)  when the cost of the act is expected to be immediately recouped

Question 3

Billy is an excellent student who is friendly with others. He is a self-reliant and responsible young man. With what type of parents has Billy likely been raised?

Accepted Answer

A)  indifferent-uninvolved 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  authoritative 
D)  indulgent-permissive

Question 4

Which of the following does the Canadian Pediatric Society (CPS) recommend?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical punishment should be restricted to spanking on clothed buttocks. 
B)  Spanking and all other forms of physical punishment should be discouraged. 
C)  Spanking should only be used as a form of discipline in children under the age of 10 years. 
D)  Spanking should only be used as a form of discipline in children over the age of 5 years.

Question 5

Peter has a condition in which he seems to be more interested in his blocks than in playing with his sister, Josie. And although Peter is older than Josie, he has not mastered basic language skills. What condition does Peter have?

Accepted Answer

A)  attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 
B)  asperger's syndrome 
C)  autism 
D)  Down syndrome

Question 6

At about the age of 4, children begin to realize that a person's actions are often connected to the thoughts that he or she has. What kind of studies are often used to determine when children grasp this concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  intersensory redundancy studies 
B)  synaptic pruning studies 
C)  dynamic systems theory studies 
D)  false-belief studies

Question 7

Cyndi watches her older sister getting yelled at after she throws an apple across the kitchen. Cyndi is now less likely to throw an apple across the kitchen herself. What is this kind of learning through observation best described as?

Accepted Answer

A)  time-out 
B)  direct instruction 
C)  counterimitation 
D)  a negative reinforcement trap

Question 8

Kayla tells her teenage son Chuck to "clean up that horrid mess that is your room!" This statement is an example of which type of parental behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  direct instruction 
B)  punishment 
C)  modelling 
D)  counterimitation

Question 9

Which child is exhibiting relational aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Katie, who hits her friend with a stick 
B)  Anna, who calls her friend a "big fat pig" 
C)  Lindsey, who sets her friend's house on fire 
D)  Mindy, who breaks her friend's favourite toys

Question 10

According to the text, which age group of children are most often abused?

Accepted Answer

A)  infants 
B)  children aged 6-8 years 
C)  children aged 9-11 years 
D)  children aged 12-13 years

Question 11

Little Briana believes that her daddy goes off to work every day and that her mommy stays home to look after her and her baby brother. At what age do stereotypical gender roles become extensive in children such as Briana?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 years 
B)  3 years 
C)  4 years 
D)  5 years

Question 12

Lisa believes that she cannot play football because she's a girl, and "girls aren't supposed to play football." What aspect of Lisa's personality does this belief involve?

Accepted Answer

A)  her insecure attachment 
B)  her prosocial behaviour 
C)  her gender identity 
D)  her self-esteem

Question 13

According to The Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (2005), what percentage of substantiated cases of physical abuse of children occurred when the caregiver was punishing the child?

Accepted Answer

A)  35 percent 
B)  68 percent 
C)  75 percent 
D)  86 percent

Question 14

Which sort of solitary play would most likely be unhealthy?

Accepted Answer

A)  watching other children play without joining them 
B)  sitting in a room, building an imaginary city out of blocks 
C)  drawing and colouring 
D)  completing a series of puzzles in a puzzle book

Question 15

On her way to visiting Malaysia for the first time, Joan wonders what the people there will expect she should do when interacting with them. What is Joan concerned about?

Accepted Answer

A)  dispositional praise 
B)  prosocial behaviour 
C)  altruism 
D)  social roles

Question 16

Authorities will sometimes find children near death due to the fact that their parents have not fed them or protected them from environmental conditions, like the weather. What type of abuse have these children experienced?

Accepted Answer

A)  physical abuse 
B)  neglect 
C)  emotional maltreatment 
D)  indifferent-uninvolved parenting

Question 17

Stacey's parents have given her a trip to Mexico with two of her friends for her high school graduation gift. Her parents will not accompany the girls on the trip, but have instead paid for her older brother to act as the girls' chaperone. What type of parenting is Stacey receiving?

Accepted Answer

A)  authoritarian 
B)  indulgent-permissive 
C)  indifferent-uninvolved 
D)  authoritative

Question 18

Which of the following would least likely be found in a description of "boys' play?"

Accepted Answer

A)  exaggeration 
B)  cooperation 
C)  roughness 
D)  intimidation

Question 19

To encourage altruistic behaviour in their children, what should parents incorporate into their discipline?

Accepted Answer

A)  reasoning 
B)  parallel play 
C)  ethology 
D)  punishment

Question 20

Dana is a typical 10-year-old North American female. In which of the following ways is she most likely to differ from a same-age male counterpart?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is more likely to be aggressive. 
B)  She is more likely to have a smaller vocabulary. 
C)  She is more likely to be emotionally expressive. 
D)  She is more likely to score highly on a test of spatial ability.

Exam 6: Interacting and the Work of Play