Question 1

Which theory of emotion holds the view that bodily changes PRECEDE emotion and that we experience an emotion only AFTER our body reacts?

Accepted Answer

A) the common sense approach 
B) the Cannon-Bard theory 
C) attribution theory 
D) the James-Lange theory

Question 2

The _____ states that sensations from facial expressions help define what emotion a person feels.

Accepted Answer

A) facial arousal theory 
B) facial attribution theory 
C) facial feedback hypothesis 
D) Cannon-Bard hypothesis

Question 3

_____ is the mental process of assigning causes to events, such as in emotion, one assigns bodily arousal to a particular source.

Accepted Answer

A) Attribution 
B) Negation 
C) Feedback 
D) Homeostasis

Question 4

The National Academy of Sciences recently concluded that polygraph tests

Accepted Answer

A) are 98 percent accurate, regardless of the examiner. 
B) are more likely to label the guilty innocent than the reverse. 
C) should be used to screen employees and to aid law enforcement. 
D) should not be used to screen employees.

Question 5

Positive feelings in America emphasize the _____; in Japan positive feelings emphasize the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) individual; individual 
B) group; group 
C) individual; group 
D) group; individual

Question 6

A polygraph operator will ask questions, such as "Have you ever lied to your boss?" not to establish guilt, but to determine how the person typically reacts to doubt or misgivings.These types of questions are known as

Accepted Answer

A) control questions. 
B) irrelevant questions. 
C) non-critical questions. 
D) minor deception questions.

Question 7

Regarding Valins's experiment in which male subjects were given phony feedback about their heart rate responses to slides of nude females, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The male subjects who heard the false heart beat consistently rated the slides paired with a "pounding heart" as the most attractive. 
B) The results of this experiment demonstrate the effects of attribution on emotions. 
C) The male subjects, in order to explain their apparent arousal, came to believe that the slides they selected during the phony rapid heart beat were really the most attractive. 
D) Valins' theory is most similar to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion.

Question 8

The study of communication through body movement, posture, gestures, and facial expressions is known as

Accepted Answer

A) kinesics. 
B) forensics. 
C) physiology. 
D) comparative psychology.

Question 9

Duchenne smiles

Accepted Answer

A) are authentic smiles. 
B) are intentional and forced. 
C) involve only a lifting of the corners of the mouth. 
D) are characterized by all of these.

Question 10

Although he doesn't understand why, Rick finds that his attraction to his girlfriend is intensified when she flirts with other men.His increased attraction may be caused by his ____ regarding his emotional arousal.

Accepted Answer

A) denial 
B) secondary appraisal 
C) frustration 
D) attribution

Question 11

Positive feelings, such as friendly feelings, closeness to others, and respect would be emphasized most often in

Accepted Answer

A) Japan. 
B) Western cultures. 
C) North America. 
D) all of these.

Question 12

Regarding facial expressions, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The facial expression of surprise is the most universal and easily recognized emotional expression. 
B) Some facial expressions are shaped by learning. 
C) Some facial expressions are found only in specific cultures. 
D) Children who are born blind display basic expressions in the same way as sighted people do.

Question 13

Duchenne smiling

Accepted Answer

A) is associated with more positive emotions and a greater sense of competence. 
B) signals that a person is helpful or nurturing. 
C) leads to more supportive social relationships and, in a self-fulfilling manner, to greater happiness. 
D) is characterized by all of these.

Question 14

When one appraises an emotional stimulus, such as a large dog, your appraisal

Accepted Answer

A) gives rise to autonomic nervous system arousal and cognitive labeling of the dog. 
B) releases innate emotional expressions, such as your face twisting in fear and your posture tensing. 
C) leads to adaptive behavior, such as running from the dog. 
D) leads to all of these.

Question 15

Regarding the techniques that may be used in airport security to detect lies, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) When a person lies, extra brain areas have to be activated and these can be seen in fMRI brain images. 
B) Infrared face scans are at least as accurate as polygraphs at detecting lying. 
C) Many of the new techniques will look directly at brain activity rather than measuring indirect signs of emotional arousal. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 16

Regarding the polygraph, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) The polygraph may be fooled by self-inflicted pain and tranquilizing drugs. 
B) Many cases have been documented in which innocent people were jailed after being convicted on the basis of polygraph evidence. 
C) The polygraph is much more likely to label an innocent person guilty than a guilty person innocent. 
D) All of these statements are true.

Question 17

You are looking at a painting of a person whose eyes, eyebrows, and forehead seem to reveal anger, but the person's mouth is turned downward in a sad frown.Regarding this painting, which of the following statements is most likely TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) The person in the painting is exhibiting a facial blend. 
B) This is an impossible expression because a real person cannot display more than one emotion on his or her face. 
C) The facial expression is really one of anger; and you have just misinterpreted the expression. 
D) The facial expression is really one of sadness, and you have just misinterpreted the expression.

Question 18

Which of the following researchers in the area of emotion would probably be most interested in Valins's notion of attribution?

Accepted Answer

A) James and Lange 
B) Cannon and Bard 
C) Dodson 
D) Schachter

Question 19

Regarding body language, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Body language reveals one's overall emotional state. 
B) A person sitting with his or her arms tightly crossed is a consistent signal that this person is in total disagreement with what you are saying. 
C) Liking is expressed mainly by leaning toward a person or object. 
D) If another person copies your gestures and physical postures, you are more inclined to like them.

Question 20

A _____ smile is an authentic smile that signals genuine happiness and enjoyment.

Accepted Answer

A) social 
B) forced 
C) kinesic 
D) Duchenne

Exam 10: Extension C: Motivation and Emotion