Question 1

Of the following,which is the most accurate example of coaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genes that are related to a specific disorder may be expressed phenotypically only in a certain kind of environment.
B)  Genes for a disorder that are on the X-chromosome will only be expressed in females.
C)  The environment and the genes have an equal influence on a disorder.
D)  Genes will have a greater influence on the development of a disorder when the genes are dominant. A

Question 2

When she was pregnant with Joey,Joey's mother had a poor diet because food was in short supply in her war-torn country.The war ended after Joey was born,and his middle-class mother was able to provide him with adequate,nutritious food throughout his childhood.Which of the following outcomes is the most likely for Joey?

Accepted Answer

A)  Joey may show few,if any,long term negative effects from his prenatal deprivation.
B)  Joey will probably experience serious long-term cognitive deficits.
C)  Joey will probably experience serious long-term emotional deficits,but not cognitive problems.
D)  Joey is at greater risk of serious ongoing health problems than youngsters who have adequate prenatal nutrition. A

Question 3

Most postnatal brain growth depends upon the proliferation of

Accepted Answer

A)  synapses.
B)  myelination.
C)  neurotransmitters.
D)  glial cells. A

Question 4

There are 46 of these in the nuclei of human cells,they are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  Teratogens
B)  Zygotes
C)  Chromosomes
D)  Genes

Question 5

The brain is commonly classified into three main parts.They are

Accepted Answer

A)  midbrain,pons,and cerebellum.
B)  forebrain,midbrain and hindbrain.
C)  midbrain,forebrain and cerebral cortex.
D)  cerebellum,medulla and limbic system

Question 6

Ms.Dawson recently gave birth to twins,a girl and a boy.Which of the following statements about them must be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They share 100 per cent of their genes.
B)  They are monozygotic.
C)  They are dizygotic.
D)  They originated from a single zygote.

Question 7

Recessive,defective gene alleles can cause hereditary disorders.It is estimated that most

Accepted Answer

A)  zero
B)  three to five
C)  hundreds of
D)  thousands of

Question 8

Based on your knowledge of prenatal development,which of the following sequences would you expect to be correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The heart begins to form before the hands.
B)  The hands begin to form before the heart.
C)  The legs begin to form before the head.
D)  The feet begin to form before the lungs.

Question 9

Brown eye-color alleles are dominant over blue eye-color alleles,which are recessive.Jenna has brown eyes.Her husband,Bill,has blue eyes.Jenna and Bill are the biological parents of James,who has blue eyes.Jenna would be described as ____________ of the allele for blue eyes.

Accepted Answer

A)  having the phenotype
B)  being a regulator
C)  having the genotype
D)  being a carrier

Question 10

Robert and Nadine both have been laid off.The couple has inadequate access to food or health care.When they realize that Nadine is pregnant,they feel desperate,and they talk to a social worker at a local clinic about their situation.The social worker is able to provide them with referrals to a food outlet,but she is unable to find a prenatal care clinic that provides free services in their neighborhood.Considering the effects of multiple risk factors,what is the most likely potential value of the social worker's efforts?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fewer risk factors the better,so their unborn child is likely to be better off even with the limited help the social worker provided.
B)  Their unborn child is not likely to be benefited by eliminating only one risk factor.
C)  The unborn child might have been benefited if prenatal care were found,but improving prenatal nutrition is not important.
D)  The health care and stress factors will only be important after the child is born.

Question 11

If you look at the karyotypes of person A and person B and discover that they look alike, what can you infer is the same about these two people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their parents.
B)  Their sex.
C)  Their height.
D)  Their blood type.

Question 12

The epigenome is the full set of factors,from the cell to the outside world,that controls the expression of

Accepted Answer

A)  hereditary material.
B)  recessive genes.
C)  the zygote.
D)  histones.

Question 13

Fetal brains are built by neurons

Accepted Answer

A)  that are generated by the cortex.
B)  that migrate from the top of the brain down to the lower brain.
C)  that migrate from the bottom of the brain up to the higher areas.
D)  that migrate from the glial cells to the outside surface of the cortex.

Question 14

Genes have their effects on the proteins and enzymes produced by the cell.Yet,there appear to be genetic influences on behavior.Take some example of a behavior or a behavioral disorder,and explain how genes operating at a cellular level could have any effect at the behavioral level.,

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genes have their effects on the proteins...

Question 15

Complete the following analogy: geneotype is to phenotype as

Accepted Answer

A)  gene is to chromosome
B)  DNA is to RNA
C)  code is to expression
D)  night is to day

Question 16

Children who suffer severe protein and calorie shortages at any age may experience stunted growth,a protuberant belly,and extreme apathy.This severe starvation syndrome is called

Accepted Answer

A)  lowest observable effect.
B)  kwashiorkor.
C)  Huntington's disease.
D)  proximo-distal development.

Question 17

What advice could you provide a pregnant teenager in order to help her assure the health of her baby? ,

Accepted Answer

The answer of What advice could you provide a pregnant...

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true about the effects of teratogens on the developing fetus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Any given teratogen usually has the same effect regardless of when in prenatal development exposure occurs.
B)  The kind of damage done depends on the stage of development during exposure.
C)  A teratogen will usually have the same effect regardless of how much exposure the fetus has to that teratogen.
D)  Ancient Greeks believed in teratogens,but modern science has been unable to identify any.

Question 19

Neurons communicate with each othe

Accepted Answer

A)  by means of chemicals that are present in the spaces between them.
B)  by means of dendrites touching other dendrites.
C)  by means of electrical impulses that radiate out of the myelin sheath.
D)  by means of connections with glial cells.

Question 20

Brown eye-color alleles are dominant over blue eye-color alleles,which are recessive.Jenna has brown eyes.Her husband,Bill,has blue eyes.Jenna and Bill are the biological parents of James,who has blue eyes.What eye-color gene alleles must Jenna have?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bb one brown and one blue allele) 
B)  BB two brown alleles) 
C)  bb two blue alleles) 
D)  BBB three brown alleles)

Exam 2: Epigenesis and the Brain: the Fundamentals of Behavioral Development