Question 1

Current research indicates that in the last 50 years,gender differences in career development have

Accepted Answer

A)  disappeared entirely.
B)  intensified,with women today more often choosing to be full time homemakers.
C)  changed in some ways,but remained the same in others,particularly in that women still give greater priority to their role as caregiver,and men still give greater priority to their role as breadwinner.
D)  changed in some ways,particularly in that men now typically share equally in housework and child care when both a husband and wife have careers. C

Question 2

Which of the following is the most important factor in helping young adults avoid a slide into poverty?

Accepted Answer

A)  Education.
B)  Religion.
C)  Family size.
D)  Avoiding delinquency. A

Question 3

When Ms.S completed the attachment interview assessing her own relationship to her early caregivers,she provided answers that were coherent and collaborative,and she acknowledged the importance of attachment-related experiences in her development.Her attachment status would most likely be categorized as

Accepted Answer

A)  autonomous.
B)  dismissing.
C)  preoccupied.
D)  unresolved. A

Question 4

Janet and her twin brother Harris are 22 years old,and they are both looking for jobs following college graduation.If Janet and Harris are typical of women and men in general,which of the following criteria will play a stronger role in Janet's job choice than in Harris's job choice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Matching her personality and interests to the job demands.
B)  Opportunities for professional advancement.
C)  Income and advancement opportunities.
D)  Opportunities for relationships with other people and altruism.

Question 5

Hillary is a 19-year-old college freshman.If she is typical of most college students today,which of the following is her most important reason for attending college?

Accepted Answer

A)  To get a better job.
B)  To find a spouse.
C)  To work on self-development.
D)  To construct a philosophy of life.

Question 6

When the life goals of college and noncollege young adults are compared,which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Noncollege youth tend to rank good pay and opportunities for advancement in their work to be lower priorities than college youth.
B)  Noncollege youth tend to rank "making a meaningful contribution" in their work to be a lower priority than college youth.
C)  Noncollege and college youth both rank good pay and opportunities for advancement in their work as important goals.
D)  Noncollege youth focus much more on family concerns whereas college youth focus much more on work concerns.

Question 7

Bandura's notion of self-efficacy beliefs closely related to Erikson's sense of industry and Dweck's mastery orientation),has been described as a useful target for clinical intervention.Describe the four major ways that Bussey and Bandura 1999)have suggested for promoting a client's self-efficacy beliefs.Provide examples to illustrate how each might work.Page 466-467,472)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bandura's notion of self-efficacy beliefs closely related...

Question 8

Erikson believed that a sense of industry,believing in and taking pleasure in one's ability to be productive,first emerges

Accepted Answer

A)  in infancy.
B)  in the preschool years.
C)  in the elementary school years.
D)  in adulthood.

Question 9

Consider the similarities and differences between contemporary men and women with regard to their career choices,expectations,desires,and trajectories.In what ways are they the same and in what ways different? How have gender differences changed over the last half century with regard to career issues? ,
e.g.,U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics,2003).
Another changes since the 1950s is the fact that many men now take their wives' careers into account when making job-related decisions about their own careers.One area where there have not been great gains is salary.Women still make less money than men U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics,2006).Another area still ripe for change and improvement relates to attitudes about competency.Research has demonstrated that women in male-dominated occupations are not viewed as favorably as men,even though they have comparable knowledge and skills.
Chapter 13 Essay Questions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the similarities and differences between contemporary...

Question 10

Karina,a college student,has a strong mastery orientation.We can expect that Karina therefore holds which of the following theories of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Entity theory.
B)  Generativity theory.
C)  Information processing theory.
D)  Incremental theory.

Question 11

Consider the role of gender in selecting a major in college.Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women are more likely today to choose fields like biological and physical sciences than they were 30 years ago.
B)  Women are less likely today to choose fields like biological and physical sciences than they were 30 years ago.
C)  The relative numbers of women choosing biological and physical sciences has not changed in the last 30 years.
D)  Gender actually plays no role in the selection of a major.

Question 12

When someone's performance is affected by stereotype threat,this means that

Accepted Answer

A)  they belong to a group for whom there are some negative stereotypes.
B)  they are angry at other people for holding a negative stereotype about them.
C)  they have been directly threatened by others for challenging stereotypes.
D)  they either believe a negative stereotype about themselves or they fear that others will judge them based on the stereotype.

Question 13

Counselors who use attachment based family therapy ABFT)with troubled adolescents and their families

Accepted Answer

A)  require that all sessions include both parents and the adolescent.
B)  have alliance building individual sessions with parents and with the adolescent to provide safe haven and empathy.
C)  have individual alliance building sessions with the adolescent to combat parental authority
D)  have individual alliance building sessions with the parents but not with the adolescent to encourage respect for parental authority.

Question 14

According to research on adult partner selection,secure individuals tend to select ____________ individuals as partners.

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidant
B)  anxious-ambivalent
C)  secure
D)  insecure

Question 15

When clients come to counseling for problems such as relationships or children's poor behavior,helpers should be cognizant of the possible contributions of the stresses of the contemporary working world.Currently in the United States,

Accepted Answer

A)  people are typically working more hours in a year than they did a decade ago.
B)  people are typically working fewer hours in a year than they did a decade ago.
C)  women are working more hours than a decade ago,but men are not.
D)  men are working more hours than a decade ago,but women are not.Chapter 12 Essay QuestionsSee answer key for potential essay answers)

Question 16

In studies of problem discussion and conflict management between partners,individuals with which type of attachment style are most likely to report feeling hostile and angry after a discussion session?

Accepted Answer

A)  Avoidant.
B)  Anxious-ambivalent.
C)  Secure.
D)  There are no differences.

Question 17

Among the important differences between adult-adult attachments and child-adult attachments is the

Accepted Answer

A)  greater degree of symmetry in adult-adult attachments.
B)  greater reliance on physical presence in adult-adult attachments.
C)  greater tolerance for separation in child-adult attachments.
D)  greater reliance on "felt-security" in chid-adult attachments.

Question 18

Explain Erikson's concept of generativity.Which aspects of generativity seem to emerge in early adulthood and which aspects emerge in middle adulthood? What evidence is there for this developmental change? Page 438)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain Erikson's concept of generativity.Which aspects of...

Question 19

For helping professionals who assume an attachment perspective in their therapeutic approach to clients,what is expected to be the primary mechanism of change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Teaching clients to think differently about their early attachments experience.
B)  Establishing a therapeutic bond that functions as a secure base.
C)  Confronting emotional memories.
D)  Challenging the client's assumptions about attachment.

Question 20

Research on job satisfaction indicates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Job satisfaction is more closely related to monetary compensation than to any other variable.
B)  Job satisfaction is most closely related to sociability,with sociable individuals more likely to be satisfied with any job.
C)  How well personality characteristics match the demands of a job is an important ingredient in job satisfaction.
D)  Job satisfaction actually has nothing to do with how well personality characteristics match the demands of the job.

Exam 12: Socioemotional and Vocational Developments in Young Adulthood