Question 1

_____ developed the first systematic intelligence test.

Accepted Answer

A) Alfred Binet 
B) David Wechsler 
C) Lewis Terman 
D) Louis L. Thurstone

Question 2

_____ refers to a measurement of intelligence in which an individual's mental level is expressed in terms of a given age.

Accepted Answer

A) Intelligence quotient (IQ) 
B) Mental age 
C) Chronological age 
D) Mental set

Question 3

A mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) algorithm. 
B) mental image. 
C) stereotype. 
D) heuristic.

Question 4

When Jennifer lived in the Eastern European country of Slakia for a year, she found it very difficult to adapt to the strange customs and diet of the Slakian culture. Robert Sternberg might suggest that Jennifer is low in _____ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) analytic 
B) spatial 
C) creative 
D) practical

Question 5

Which of Sternberg's types of intelligence could be referred to as "street smarts"?

Accepted Answer

A) creative 
B) practical 
C) successful 
D) analytic

Question 6

A worldwide survey of intelligence test scores showed that there were significant gains in average IQ scores in 14 nations in just one generation. These results provide support for environmental influences on IQ scores because:

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of time involved is far too short for genetically influenced changes to have occurred. 
B) genetics have no contribution to IQ scores. 
C) evolution only occurs in nonhuman animals. 
D) the amount of time involved is far too long for genetically influenced changes to have occurred.

Question 7

Cross-cultural research on color names and color perception has shown that:

Accepted Answer

A) colors are perceived and classified differently in the languages spoken in remote, isolated areas. 
B) speakers of languages that do not have a written form classify and perceive colors in a way that is fundamentally different from that of speakers of written languages. 
C) although color names may vary, color perception does not appear to depend on the language used and is much the same in all cultures studied. 
D) color perception appears to depend on the language used and these variations in color perception have been found in all cultures studied.

Question 8

Being bilingual may protect against:

Accepted Answer

A) Alzheimer's disease. 
B) autism. 
C) ADHD. 
D) bipolar disorder.

Question 9

According to some psychologists, there is a heritability estimate of about 50 percent for intelligence in the general population. This statement means that:

Accepted Answer

A) half of an individual's IQ score is due to genes, and the other half is due to environmental factors. 
B) the intelligence of about half of the general population is primarily determined by their genes, and the intelligence of the other half is primarily determined by their environment. 
C) about half of the difference in IQ scores among people within a particular group is due to differences in their genetic makeup. 
D) half of the population have IQ scores that are above the inherited norm, and half of the population have IQ scores that are below the inherited norm.

Question 10

Thinking and behavior directed toward attaining a goal that is not readily available is called:

Accepted Answer

A) wishful thinking. 
B) displacement. 
C) generative thinking. 
D) problem solving.

Question 11

Research suggests that bilingual individuals are:

Accepted Answer

A) better able to control attention and inhibit distracting information. 
B) less able to switch attention to new stimuli when necessary. 
C) less protected from dementia in old age. 
D) often confused during language development and have difficulty learning either language properly.

Question 12

Many researchers, parents, and people "on the autism spectrum" are embracing a new approach to autism spectrum disorders. They recognize that people with autistic spectrum symptoms process information, communicate, and experience their social and physical environment differently than neurotypical people who don't have these symptoms. This approach is called:

Accepted Answer

A) the neurotypical approach. 
B) neurodiversity. 
C) the autism spectrum approach. 
D) the savant syndrome approach.

Question 13

Which of the following statements best characterizes Howard Gardner's view of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) "There is a single factor that can explain the pattern of specific mental abilities that is called intelligence." 
B) "There are multiple independent intelligences, and each must be defined within the context of a particular culture." 
C) "There are three mental abilities that together make up what is called successful intelligence." 
D) "There are three types of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical."

Question 14

With whom do you associate the "triarchic theory of intelligence"?

Accepted Answer

A) Louis Thurman 
B) Howard Gardner 
C) Charles Spearman 
D) Robert Sternberg

Question 15

Macmillan has designed a test to measure mathematical ability in college graduates. In order to establish a norm against which individual scores may be interpreted and compared, she is presently administering the test to a large representative sample of college graduates. Dr. Macmillan is in the process of:

Accepted Answer

A) evaluating the test's validity. 
B) establishing the test's reliability. 
C) standardizing the test. 
D) establishing the test's representativeness.

Question 16

Our memories of individual instances of a particular concept are called:

Accepted Answer

A) categories. 
B) attributes. 
C) stereotypes. 
D) exemplars.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the determination of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) Twin studies clearly indicate that heredity is much more important than the environment in determining intelligence. 
B) Psychologists can estimate the relative contribution of heredity to the development of intelligence through the use of the heritability estimate. 
C) Psychologists still disagree in identifying how much of intelligence is determined by heredity and how much is determined by the environment. 
D) Twin studies have helped scientists better understand the contributions of heredity and environment to intelligence.

Question 18

Psychologist Claude Steele coined the term _____ to refer to the belief that you might be evaluated in terms of a negative stereotype about a group to which you belong, especially when that belief creates anxiety or self-doubt.

Accepted Answer

A) neurotypical threa. 
B) stereotype threat 
C) neurodiversity threat 
D) prototype threat

Question 19

In Howard Gardner's theory, distinct forms of intelligence include:

Accepted Answer

A) verbal comprehension, numerical ability, perceptual speed, and reasoning. 
B) linguistic, creative, musical, scientific-mathematical, performance, intellectual, interpersonal, and intrapersonal intelligences. 
C) linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist intelligences. 
D) analytic, creative, and practical intelligences.

Question 20

Nathan's score on the WAIS was 105. Nathan's score indicates that he is in the:

Accepted Answer

A) normal, or average, range of scores. 
B) above-average range of scores. 
C) below-average range of scores. 
D) upper 2 percent of scores.

Exam 7: Section 2: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence