Question 1

Collecting information to determine the most pressing problems or issues that would require a community program,and the community strengths that might be used in the program.

Accepted Answer

A)  needs assessment and resource assessment
B)  goal setting and cultural competence
C)  identifying goals and desired outcomes
D)  process and outcome evaluation A

Question 2

The Getting To Outcomes accountability approach:

Accepted Answer

A)  includes the four-step program evaluation method.
B)  does not include the four-step program evaluation method.
C)  concerns program planning,not program evaluation.
D)  both "b" and "c" A

Question 3

Describe five principles of empowerment evaluation,giving an example of each.Discuss how each principle involves core values of community psychology in Chapter 1,and how each resembles collaborative-participatory research methods discussed in Chapter 3.

Accepted Answer

Principle 1: Inclusion and Participation
Empowerment evaluation emphasizes the importance of including all stakeholders in the evaluation process, ensuring that their voices are heard and valued. For example, in a community health program evaluation, community members, program staff, and local leaders are all invited to participate in the evaluation process, providing their perspectives and insights.

This principle aligns with the core value of community psychology in Chapter 1, which emphasizes the importance of inclusivity and the recognition of diverse perspectives within a community. It also resembles collaborative-participatory research methods discussed in Chapter 3, as it involves active engagement and collaboration with all stakeholders in the evaluation process.

Principle 2: Democratic Participation
Empowerment evaluation promotes the idea that all stakeholders should have an equal say in the evaluation process, and decisions should be made through a democratic and participatory approach. For example, in a community development project evaluation, community members are given the opportunity to vote on the priorities and goals of the evaluation.

This principle reflects the core value of community psychology in Chapter 1, which emphasizes the importance of promoting social justice and equality within a community. It also resembles collaborative-participatory research methods discussed in Chapter 3, as it involves shared decision-making and power distribution among all stakeholders.

Principle 3: Capacity Building
Empowerment evaluation focuses on building the evaluation capacity of all stakeholders involved, empowering them to take an active role in the evaluation process. For example, in a youth empowerment program evaluation, young participants are provided with training and resources to conduct their own evaluation activities.

This principle embodies the core value of community psychology in Chapter 1, which emphasizes the importance of building individual and community capacity for positive change. It also resembles collaborative-participatory research methods discussed in Chapter 3, as it involves skill-building and empowerment of all stakeholders to actively participate in the evaluation process.

Principle 4: Accountability and Transparency
Empowerment evaluation emphasizes the importance of accountability and transparency in the evaluation process, ensuring that all stakeholders are informed about the evaluation activities and findings. For example, in a community education program evaluation, regular meetings are held to share evaluation progress and results with all stakeholders.

This principle reflects the core value of community psychology in Chapter 1, which emphasizes the importance of promoting transparency and accountability within a community. It also resembles collaborative-participatory research methods discussed in Chapter 3, as it involves open communication and sharing of information among all stakeholders involved in the evaluation.

Principle 5: Learning and Improvement
Empowerment evaluation focuses on the continuous learning and improvement of programs and initiatives through the evaluation process, using findings to make meaningful changes and enhancements. For example, in a mental health support program evaluation, feedback from participants is used to make adjustments and improvements to the program.

This principle aligns with the core value of community psychology in Chapter 1, which emphasizes the importance of ongoing learning and adaptation within a community. It also resembles collaborative-participatory research methods discussed in Chapter 3, as it involves using evaluation findings to drive positive change and improvement within programs and initiatives.

Question 4

List and define five of the Getting To Outcomes accountability questions.For each,imagine that you are a member of a community coalition that seeks to reduce violence toward women,and give an example of how your coalition could address each question.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and define five of the Getting...

Question 5

Developing a logic model for a community program,as discussed in Chapter 13,helps fulfills one of the elements of effective community change initiatives in Chapter 12.Which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  developing a plausible theory of change
B)  effective intensity
C)  external linkages and resources
D)  needs assessment

Question 6

In community psychology and program evaluation,____ are shorter-term effects of a program,while ____ are longer-term effects.

Accepted Answer

A)  outcomes;impacts
B)  impacts;outcomes
C)  processes;outcomes
D)  actions;impacts

Question 7

"Who did what with whom,when?" regarding program activities are questions addressed in a ____ evaluation.

Accepted Answer

A)  progress
B)  process
C)  outcome
D)  input

Question 8

A Getting To Outcomes accountability question not emphasized in the four-step evaluation method or in empowerment evaluation concern:

Accepted Answer

A)  the community's capacity to actually implement a proposed program well.
B)  whether values of social justice and democratic participation are actually implemented.
C)  how the quality of program implementation will be assessed.
D)  the outcomes and impacts of the program.

Question 9

A community program probably will not have its intended effects if:

Accepted Answer

A)  the assumptions of the program are incorrect.
B)  the program is not implemented adequately.
C)  process evaluation occurs.
D)  both "a" and "b"

Question 10

Community "ownership" of the program evaluation,democratic participation in program planning and evaluation,and commitment to fair allocation of resources and power,are principles of which evaluation method in Chapter 13?

Accepted Answer

A)  the four-step evaluation method
B)  empowerment evaluation
C)  the Getting to Outcomes approach
D)  the process and outputs approach

Question 11

The four-step program evaluation method in Chapter 13 includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying goals and outcomes.
B)  progress evaluation.
C)  evaluation of outcomes and impacts.
D)  both "a" and "c"

Question 12

A drawback of the process-and-outputs approach to program evaluation is that it omits:

Accepted Answer

A)  whether the program had its intended effects.
B)  program responsibility in spending money.
C)  record-keeping on program activities.
D)  record-keeping on program staff.

Question 13

A community program probably will not have its intended effects if the program's theory of change is incorrect,or if the program is not:

Accepted Answer

A)  studied with an experimental design.
B)  implemented well in the local setting.
C)  based on quantitative research.
D)  both "a" and "c"

Question 14

The Getting To Outcomes approach in part concerns how well a proposed program fits with:

Accepted Answer

A)  community goals and desired outcomes.
B)  existing community programs.
C)  knowledge about best practices of similar programs.
D)  all of the above

Question 15

Making a community program sustainable and viable over a long period,or part of everyday life in the community,is sometimes termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  evaluating the program.
B)  institutionalizing the program.
C)  needs assessment.
D)  impact evaluation.

Question 16

Process evaluation can enrich outcome and impact evaluations because it can provide information on what?

Accepted Answer

A)  attainment of program goals
B)  unintended goals of the program
C)  why the program worked or did not work
D)  both "a" and "c"

Question 17

The second of the ten Getting To Outcomes accountability questions asks about what?

Accepted Answer

A)  What are the program goals and desired outcomes?
B)  Why is program evaluation needed?
C)  How will this program fit with existing programs?
D)  Needs and resources for this program

Question 18

A key theme of both Chapter 10 on implementing prevention/promotion programs,and Chapter 13 on evaluating community programs.

Accepted Answer

A)  integrating evaluation and continuous program improvement over time
B)  sustaining and strengthening programs in real-world community settings
C)  adapting programs to local community contexts and resources
D)  all of the above

Question 19

Process evaluation helps with accountability to program funders regarding:

Accepted Answer

A)  implementation of planned activities.
B)  attainment of program goals.
C)  documentation of program impacts.
D)  all of the above

Question 20

Program evaluation has become more important for community programs because it helps meet pressures from program funders and the public for:

Accepted Answer

A)  scientific knowledge.
B)  accountability of programs.
C)  participant conceptualization.
D)  all of the above

Exam 13: Program Evaluation and Program Development