Question 1

Development of a prevention program proceeds through four stages.In the last two stages,the program is conducted by ____ .In the last stage,it is conducted in ____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  its original developers;a few real-world settings
B)  other organizations;a few real- world settings
C)  other organizations;many real- world settings
D)  its original developers;many real- world settings C

Question 2

Innovation-specific capacity and general capacity differ in that:

Accepted Answer

A)   innovation-specific capacity applies to organizations while general capacity applies to communities.
B)   innovation-specific capacity refers to the skills and resources necessary to implement a specific program while general capacity refers to the skills,characteristics and overall level of functioning necessary to implement any type of program.
C)   innovation-specific capacity refers to program implementation while general capacity refers to employee morale.
D)   general capacity refers solely to an organization's financial resources. B

Question 3

Describe five important principles you learned from Chapter 10 to improve real-life implementation of prevention/promotion innovations.Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

1. Tailoring interventions to the target population: One important principle I learned is the importance of tailoring prevention and promotion innovations to the specific needs and characteristics of the target population. For example, if implementing a smoking cessation program, it would be important to consider the unique challenges and motivations of different demographic groups, such as teenagers, pregnant women, or low-income individuals.

2. Utilizing evidence-based practices: Another key principle is the importance of using evidence-based practices when implementing prevention and promotion innovations. This means relying on interventions that have been proven effective through rigorous research and evaluation. For instance, when implementing a physical activity promotion program, it would be crucial to use strategies and approaches that have been shown to be successful in increasing exercise behavior.

3. Engaging stakeholders and community members: I also learned the importance of involving stakeholders and community members in the implementation of prevention and promotion innovations. This could involve collaborating with local organizations, seeking input from community members, and building partnerships with key stakeholders. For example, when implementing a nutrition education program, it would be beneficial to involve local schools, healthcare providers, and community leaders to ensure the program is relevant and well-received.

4. Ensuring sustainability and scalability: It is crucial to consider the long-term sustainability and scalability of prevention and promotion innovations. This involves planning for how the intervention will be maintained over time and how it can be expanded to reach a larger population. For instance, when implementing a mental health promotion initiative, it would be important to consider how the program can be sustained beyond its initial funding and how it can be replicated in other communities.

5. Monitoring and evaluating outcomes: Finally, I learned the importance of continuously monitoring and evaluating the outcomes of prevention and promotion innovations. This involves collecting data on the effectiveness of the intervention and using that information to make improvements and adjustments as needed. For example, when implementing a substance abuse prevention program, it would be important to regularly assess the program's impact on substance use rates and make changes based on the findings.

Question 4

The process through which a program that has been effective in one setting is then implemented in many settings.

Accepted Answer

A)  action research
B)  scaling up
C)  inoculation
D)  scaling out

Question 5

What is meant by organizational capacity? What aspects of organizational capacity are particularly important for successful program implementation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is meant by organizational capacity? What...

Question 6

Robin Miller and Marybeth Shinn point out that both research to practice models and community-centered models of program implementation:

Accepted Answer

A)  assume that the development of new interventions always begins with researchers.
B)  ignore the fact that many communities have developed effective prevention programs on their own.
C)  are based upon learning from indigenous prevention efforts.
D)  both 'a' and 'b'.

Question 7

Development of a prevention program proceeds through four stages.In the first two stages,the program is conducted by its original developers,first in ____ ,then in ____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  a small,controlled setting;a real-world setting
B)  a real-world setting;a small,controlled setting
C)  a small setting;in a large setting
D)  a research setting;a setting without research

Question 8

Research to practice models of program implementation:

Accepted Answer

A)  are developed from the perspective of the community that wants to implement a program.
B)  assume that implementation issues are not important for program effectiveness.
C)  focus on pushing communities to adopt evidence-based programs.
D)  believe that effective programs must be developed by communities,not scientists.

Question 9

The CASEL Model Site evaluation of SEL programs examined their level of quality over five years.Programs that did continue to provide high-quality services had three characteristics.Which characteristic below is one of those three?

Accepted Answer

A)   training and skill development among teachers
B)   support from school administration and parents
C)   extensive funding for the program
D)   both 'a' and 'b'

Question 10

Although in the 1970s educational innovations were often transferred to new settings with precisely copied "cookbook" instructions,today the emphasis is on:

Accepted Answer

A)  having program developers train staff in the new setting.
B)  specifying fragile components and having program developers implement them.
C)  creating innovative programs in each setting,based on best practices.
D)  interdependence rather than cycling of resources.

Question 11

In Chapter 10,the Social Decision-Making/Social Problem-Solving program was developed and implemented widely by:

Accepted Answer

A)   relying on precise transfer of program methods and materials to any school that adopted the program.
B)  fostering communication of ideas among schools and teachers using the program
C)   allowing teachers to integrate program elements with their own teaching and classroom.
D)   both 'b' and 'c'

Question 12

The Scared Straight Program was designed to deter juvenile defenders from a life of crime by exposing them to the realities of being incarcerated in prison.Initial evaluations of the program reported that between 80% and 90% of program participants did not commit additional offenses.Later evaluations found:

Accepted Answer

A)   the initial evaluations would have benefited from the use of a control group and random assignment.
B)   Program participants were actually more likely to reoffend than were juvenile offenders who did not participate.
C)   the program actually reinforced attitudes and behaviors that are associated with criminality.
D)   all of the above.

Question 13

The Prevention Synthesis and Translation System of the ISF addresses:

Accepted Answer

A)  the fact that information on effective prevention programming is often published in scientific reports or journals that may not be easily accessible or understandable by community members.
B)  The need to provide training and support to adopters of prevention programs.
C)  The ability of organizations to successfully implement prevention programs.
D)  The ability of researchers to obtain funding to develop effective prevention programs.

Question 14

The implementation issue of program reach refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of settings in which the program has been implemented.
B)  how many of the intended participants were actually enrolled in the program.
C)  the strength of the program's effects.
D)  the variety of people for whom the program is effective.

Question 15

Chapter 10 focuses on the challenge of transferring effective prevention programs from settings ____ to settings ____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  with much funding;with less funding
B)  with many resources for research on the program;with few of these resources for research
C)  where programs originated;where programs could be widely adopted
D)  all of the above

Question 16

Iatrogenic effects are:

Accepted Answer

A)   unintended,harmful consequences of what was meant to be a beneficial intervention.
B)   significant,positive effects of an intervention.
C)   intervention effects that are true for some types of participants but not others.
D)   non-significant effects.

Question 17

Any prevention/promotion innovation has certain elements that are central to its effectiveness and must be included in any implementation,and other elements that can be modified to fit the context of a new setting.These are termed:

Accepted Answer

A)   operator and context components.
B)   core and adaptive components.
C)   central and contextual components.
D)   longitudinal and short-term elements.

Question 18

A continuous process in which research helps to understand a problem,evaluate whether a program to address the problem is effective,and use those findings to further improve the program is termed ____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  action research
B)  scaling up
C)  program development
D)  diffusion

Question 19

What can improve implementation of a prevention/promotion program by documenting the actual effects of the program and indicating areas for future improvements,then documenting the effects of those improvements,in a cyclical pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  action research
B)  qualitative research
C)  the experimental stage of research
D)  intervention implementation

Question 20

There are four stages of implementation of a prevention program,including experimental,technological,diffusional,and

Accepted Answer

A)  widespread implementation.
B)  experimental demonstration.
C)  refinement.
D)  scaling up.

Exam 10: Prevention and Promotion: Implementing Programs

Development of a prevention program proceeds through four stages.In the last two stages,the program is conducted by .In the last stage,it is conducted in .