Question 1

Just after they taste a sweet liquid,mice are injected with a drug that produces an immune response.Later,the taste of the sweet liquid by itself triggers an immune response.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  spontaneous recovery. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  observational learning.

Question 2

The diminishing of a conditioned response is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction. 
B)  generalization. 
C)  acquisition. 
D)  spontaneous recovery.

Question 3

Julio's mother has been giving him gold stars for keeping his bed dry all night.After about a week,Julio discontinued his habit of bed-wetting.His change in behavior best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

A)  primary reinforcement. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 4

When toddlers are classically conditioned to fear moving cars,they also become afraid of moving trucks and motorcycles.This best illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  observational learning. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  discrimination.

Question 5

Janna's behavior is more strongly influenced by the momentary thrill of unprotected sex than by the prospect of an unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted infection.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  immediate reinforcement. 
C)  a fixed-interval schedule. 
D)  spontaneous recovery.

Question 6

An experimenter plans to condition a dog to salivate to a light by pairing the light with food.The dog will learn to salivate to the light most quickly if the experimenter presents the light

Accepted Answer

A)  five seconds before the food. 
B)  half a second before the food. 
C)  at precisely the same time as the food. 
D)  a half-second after the food.

Question 7

If the onset of a light reliably signals the onset of food,a rat in a Skinner box will work to turn on the light.In this case,the light is a ________ reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A)  partial 
B)  primary 
C)  conditioned 
D)  delayed

Question 8

Learning associations between one's own personal actions and resulting events is most relevant to the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  primary conditioning. 
C)  partial reinforcement. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 9

The introduction of a pleasant stimulus is to ________ as the withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcer;negative reinforcer 
B)  immediate reinforcer;delayed reinforcer 
C)  reinforcement;punishment 
D)  primary reinforcer;secondary reinforcer

Question 10

Different groups of vervet monkeys learned to prefer either blue or pink corn.All but one of their 27 infant monkeys subsequently came to prefer the same color corn preferred by the adult monkeys in their group.This subsequent outcome best illustrated

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  instinctive drift. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  latent learning.

Question 11

Desensitization and imitation are two factors that contribute to

Accepted Answer

A)  latent learning. 
B)  taste aversion. 
C)  the violence-viewing effect. 
D)  instinctive drift.

Question 12

In which form of learning is behavior influenced by its consequences?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary conditioning 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  delayed conditioning

Question 13

Laurie's thumb sucking has become habitual because she feels less anxious when she sucks her thumb.This best illustrates the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  generalization. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  discrimination. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 14

The process of acquiring through experience new and relatively enduring information or behaviors is called

Accepted Answer

A)  association. 
B)  learning. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  shaping.

Question 15

After receiving a painful shot from a female nurse in a white uniform,3-year-old Vaclav is fearful of any woman wearing a white dress.Vaclav's reaction best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  operant behavior. 
B)  generalization. 
C)  an unconditioned response. 
D)  spontaneous recovery.

Exam 7: Learning