Question 1

An example of the difference-equals-deficit error is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  assuming that children who are hearing impaired cannot communicate as well as children who can hear 
B)  failing to compare typical and atypical behavior 
C)  ignoring inconsistencies in a child's language development 
D)  the identification of flaws within the application of the scientific method

Question 2

A systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a framework for understanding how and why people change over time is the definition of a _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A systematic statement of principles and generalizations...

Question 3

Most research conducted on humans cannot begin without the approval of the Institutional Review Board.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Within Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one sign of self-actualization is that the person has _____ experiences in which life is so intensely joyful that time stops and self-seeking disappears.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Within Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one sign...

Question 5

Dr. Towne believes that heredity is primarily responsible for personality traits. Dr. West believes that environmental influences are primarily responsible for personality traits. They are on different sides of the _____ debate.

Accepted Answer

A)  nature versus nurture 
B)  intelligent design versus evolution 
C)  genes versus development 
D)  traits versus conditioning

Question 6

Evolutionary theory is based on the idea that thoughts and expectations affect actions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A correlation is considered to be negative if _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  both variables decrease 
B)  both variables increase 
C)  one variable increases while the other variable decreases 
D)  change in one variable is unrelated to change in the other variable

Question 8

Explain Bronfenbrenner's ecological-systems theory and describe his five systems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain Bronfenbrenner's ecological-systems theory and describe his...

Question 9

Theorists who promote classical conditioning believe that learned behavior is the result of _____, whereas theorists who promote operant conditioning believe that learned behavior is the result of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the association between one stimulus and another; past reinforcement 
B)  past reinforcement; the association between one stimulus and another 
C)  observing another person's actions; past reinforcement 
D)  the association between one stimulus and another; observing another person's actions

Question 10

Individuals in the same cohort are exposed to the same values, events, and technologies of era. They are not necessarily exposed to the same culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What practices must be built into a research study to protect participants?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What practices must be built into a...

Question 12

The theory that stresses that there is something hopeful, unifying, and noble in the human spirit and that all people have the same basic needs is _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The theory that stresses that there is...

Question 13

The purpose of a survey is to allow a researcher to collect data quickly from a large population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Most periods of development are critical periods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

People whose ancestors were born in the same region and who usually share the same language, culture, and religion are called a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  race 
B)  ethnic group 
C)  SES group 
D)  exosystem

Question 16

Dorothy was born during the Great Depression. Within the context of the ecological-systems approach, knowing this fact allows one to know about her _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chronosystem 
B)  exosystem 
C)  microsystem 
D)  macrosystem

Question 17

Maslow's idea of self-actualization refers to being respected, successful, and admired.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Define correlation, and give an example. Can one determine cause and effect from correlations? Explain why or why not.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define correlation, and give an example. Can...

Exam 1: The Beginning: the Science of Human Development

An example of the difference-equals-deficit error is _____.

A systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a framework for understanding how and why people change over time is the definition of a _____ theory.

Most research conducted on humans cannot begin without the approval of the Institutional Review Board.

Within Maslow's hierarchy of needs, one sign of self-actualization is that the person has _____ experiences in which life is so intensely joyful that time stops and self-seeking disappears.

Dr. Towne believes that heredity is primarily responsible for personality traits. Dr. West believes that environmental influences are primarily responsible for personality traits. They are on different sides of the _____ debate.

Evolutionary theory is based on the idea that thoughts and expectations affect actions.

A correlation is considered to be negative if _____.

Explain Bronfenbrenner's ecological-systems theory and describe his five systems.

Theorists who promote classical conditioning believe that learned behavior is the result of _, whereas theorists who promote operant conditioning believe that learned behavior is the result of _.

Individuals in the same cohort are exposed to the same values, events, and technologies of era. They are not necessarily exposed to the same culture.

What practices must be built into a research study to protect participants?

The theory that stresses that there is something hopeful, unifying, and noble in the human spirit and that all people have the same basic needs is _____.

The purpose of a survey is to allow a researcher to collect data quickly from a large population.

Most periods of development are critical periods.

People whose ancestors were born in the same region and who usually share the same language, culture, and religion are called a(n) _____.

Dorothy was born during the Great Depression. Within the context of the ecological-systems approach, knowing this fact allows one to know about her _____.

Maslow's idea of self-actualization refers to being respected, successful, and admired.

Define correlation, and give an example. Can one determine cause and effect from correlations? Explain why or why not.