Question 1

Write an equation for the reaction of the alkaloid ephedrine with a proton, showing the structure of its conjugate base.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write an equation for the reaction of...

Question 2

Consider the molecules below to answer the following question.CHS1U1B13S1U1B0CHS1U1B12S1U1B0NHS1U1B12S1U1B0
  
-Which of the following exhibits only dispersion forces? A   B   C   D

Accepted Answer

A)  only A 
B)  only B 
C)  only C 
D)  only D 
E)  all except B 
A)  only A 
B)  only B 
C)  only C 
D)  only D 
E)  all except B

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not true regarding resonance structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  All resonance structures must have the same number of electrons 
B)  All resonance structures must differ in the hybridization of atoms. 
C)  All resonance structures must have the same arrangement of atoms 
D)  All resonance structures must be valid Lewis structures 
A)  All resonance structures must have the same number of electrons 
B)  All resonance structures must differ in the hybridization of atoms. 
C)  All resonance structures must have the same arrangement of atoms 
D)  All resonance structures must be valid Lewis structures

Question 4

Use the convention δ−/δ+ and the crossed arrow (   ) to show the direction of the expected polarity of the indicated bonds in the following compound(s).
-Refer to instructions. A C−O bond in tetrahydrofuran,

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the convention δ−/δ+ and the crossed...

Question 5

What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom indicated with the arrow in the following compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 
B)  −1 
C)  +1 
D)  −2 
E)  +2 
A)  0 
B)  −1 
C)  +1 
D)  −2 
E)  +2

Question 6

Which is the strongest base (pKa values given for conjugate acid)?

Accepted Answer

A)  NH3 (pKa = 9.2) 
B)  CH3O− (pKa = 16) 
C) 
  (pKa = −6.5) 
D)  CH3CO2− (pKa = 4.7) 
E)  H− (pKa = 35) 
A)  NH3 (pKa = 9.2) 
B)  CH3O− (pKa = 16) 
C) 
  (pKa = −6.5) 
D)  CH3CO2− (pKa = 4.7) 
E)  H− (pKa = 35)

Question 7

Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is essential to human nutrition. The representation below shows the structure of phenylalanine at the pH found in cells. Consider this structure to answer the following question(s).   phenylalanine
-Refer to instructions. The oxygen atom labeled "A" has ______ bonding electron pairs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is...

Question 8

Consider the reaction below to answer the following question.  
-Refer to instructions. Using the curved arrow formalism, show the flow of electrons for this reaction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the reaction below to answer the...

Question 9

Circle the Lewis bases in the group of compounds below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Circle the Lewis bases in the group...

Question 10

Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is essential to human nutrition. The representation below shows the structure of phenylalanine at the pH found in cells. Consider this structure to answer the following question(s).   phenylalanine
-Refer to instructions. Assign any formal charges to atoms in this representation of phenylalanine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is...

Question 11

Draw two resonance structures for the species below.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw two resonance structures for the species...

Question 12

Consider the molecules below to answer the following question.CHS1U1B13S1U1B0CHS1U1B12S1U1B0NHS1U1B12S1U1B0
  
-The following is the structure of vitamin C. This compound

Accepted Answer

A)  is hydrophilic. 
B)  exhibits dispersion forces. 
C)  exhibits hydrogen bonding. 
D)  would be soluble in water. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  is hydrophilic. 
B)  exhibits dispersion forces. 
C)  exhibits hydrogen bonding. 
D)  would be soluble in water. 
E)  all of these.

Question 13

Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is essential to human nutrition. The representation below shows the structure of phenylalanine at the pH found in cells. Consider this structure to answer the following question(s).   phenylalanine
-Refer to instructions. The oxygen atom labeled "B" has _____ nonbonding electrons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is...

Question 14

Among the following compounds which can function only as a Brønsted-Lowry base? A   B   C   D

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 15

Write an equation for the reaction of boron trifluoride, an important reagent in organic chemistry, with trimethylamine. Represent the movement of electrons with a curved arrow, and show the formal charges on the atoms in the product.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Write an equation for the reaction of...

Question 16

Of the bonds found in   which is the most polar?

Accepted Answer

A)  C−F 
B)  O−H 
C)  C−H 
D)  C−O 
A)  C−F 
B)  O−H 
C)  C−H 
D)  C−O

Question 17

Indole is pleasant smelling in highly dilute solutions and has been used in perfumery. Use the structure of indole, below, to answer the following question(s).  
-Refer to instructions. Indole can function as a Brønsted-Lowry acid in the presence of strong bases. Formulate a reaction, using a generic base (:B−), showing electron flow with arrows, that demonstrates this reactivity of indole.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Indole is pleasant smelling in highly dilute...

Question 18

Consider the species below to answer the following question.BFS1U1B13S1U1B0
FeS1U1P12+S1S1P0    
-Refer to instructions. Which of the following would be common to all?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lewis acids 
B)  Lewis bases 
C)  Lewis acids or bases 
D)  Neither Lewis acids nor bases 
A)  Lewis acids 
B)  Lewis bases 
C)  Lewis acids or bases 
D)  Neither Lewis acids nor bases

Question 19

Consider the structure of acetic acid shown below.   In the electrostatic potential map of acetic acid, in which of the following bonds would the terminal atom appear as the deepest shade of red?

Accepted Answer

A)  C=O 
B)  C−H 
C)  C−C 
D)  O−H 
A)  C=O 
B)  C−H 
C)  C−C 
D)  O−H

Question 20

The following shows an intermediate used in a Grignard synthesis. Which atom will inductively donate electrons in this species?

Accepted Answer

A)  C 
B)  Br 
C)  Mg 
D)  H 
E)  both b and c 
A)  C 
B)  Br 
C)  Mg 
D)  H 
E)  both b and c

Exam 2: Polar Covalent Bonds; Acids and Bases

Write an equation for the reaction of the alkaloid ephedrine with a proton, showing the structure of its conjugate base.

Consider the molecules below to answer the following question.CH3CH2NH2 -Which of the following exhibits only dispersion forces? A B C D

Which of the following statements is not true regarding resonance structures?

Use the convention δ−/δ+ and the crossed arrow ( ) to show the direction of the expected polarity of the indicated bonds in the following compound(s). -Refer to instructions. A C−O bond in tetrahydrofuran,

What is the formal charge on the nitrogen atom indicated with the arrow in the following compound?

Which is the strongest base (pKa values given for conjugate acid)?

Consider the reaction below to answer the following question. -Refer to instructions. Using the curved arrow formalism, show the flow of electrons for this reaction.

Circle the Lewis bases in the group of compounds below.

Draw two resonance structures for the species below.

Consider the molecules below to answer the following question.CH3CH2NH2 -The following is the structure of vitamin C. This compound

Among the following compounds which can function only as a Brønsted-Lowry base? A B C D

Write an equation for the reaction of boron trifluoride, an important reagent in organic chemistry, with trimethylamine. Represent the movement of electrons with a curved arrow, and show the formal charges on the atoms in the product.

Of the bonds found in which is the most polar?

Consider the species below to answer the following question.BF3 Fe2+ -Refer to instructions. Which of the following would be common to all?

Consider the structure of acetic acid shown below. In the electrostatic potential map of acetic acid, in which of the following bonds would the terminal atom appear as the deepest shade of red?

The following shows an intermediate used in a Grignard synthesis. Which atom will inductively donate electrons in this species?

Structure and Bonding

Organic Compounds: Alkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Organic Compounds: Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry at Tetrahedral Centers

An Overview of Organic Reactions

Alkenes and Alkynes

Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes

Aromatic Compounds

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Mass Spectrometry, Infrared Spectroscopy, and Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

Structure Determination: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Organohalides: Nucleophilic Substitutions and Eliminations

Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols; Ethers and Sulfides

Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions

Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions

Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution and Condensation Reactions

Amines and Heterocycles

Biomolecules: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Amino Acid Metabolism

Biomolecules: Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Biomolecules: Lipids and Their Metabolism

Biomolecules: Nucleic Acids and Their Metabolism

Orbitals and Organic Chemistry: Pericyclic Reactionse

Synthetic Polymerse

Filters

Consider the molecules below to answer the following question.CH₃CH₂NH₂ -Which of the following exhibits only dispersion forces? A B C D

Which is the strongest base (pK_a values given for conjugate acid)?

Consider the molecules below to answer the following question.CH₃CH₂NH₂ -The following is the structure of vitamin C. This compound

Consider the species below to answer the following question.BF₃ Fe²⁺ -Refer to instructions. Which of the following would be common to all?