Question 1

When a group exerts such strong pressure to conform that it prevents people from expressing critical ideas,the group is suffering from

Accepted Answer

A) groupthink. 
B) polarization. 
C) risky shift. 
D) deindividuation. 
A) groupthink. 
B) polarization. 
C) risky shift. 
D) deindividuation. A

Question 2

Prejudice differs from discrimination in that it is

Accepted Answer

A) unjustified. 
B) a behaviour. 
C) an attitude. 
D) negative. 
A) unjustified. 
B) a behaviour. 
C) an attitude. 
D) negative. C

Question 3

Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because

Accepted Answer

A) the "learners" made so few learning errors under stressful circumstances. 
B) the "teachers" actually enjoyed shocking another person. 
C) the "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted. 
D) the "learners" obediently accepted painful shocks without any protest. 
A) the "learners" made so few learning errors under stressful circumstances. 
B) the "teachers" actually enjoyed shocking another person. 
C) the "teachers" were more obedient than most people would have predicted. 
D) the "learners" obediently accepted painful shocks without any protest. C

Question 4

To conform is to yield to

Accepted Answer

A) social norms. 
B) cognitive dissonance. 
C) secondary processes. 
D) response cues. 
A) social norms. 
B) cognitive dissonance. 
C) secondary processes. 
D) response cues.

Question 5

People won't help when there are many bystanders because

Accepted Answer

A) of diffusion of responsibility. 
B) people are egoistic. 
C) people like to see others hurt. 
D) people are not altruistic. 
A) of diffusion of responsibility. 
B) people are egoistic. 
C) people like to see others hurt. 
D) people are not altruistic.

Question 6

In which scenario would an individual be most likely to conform by giving the same response as the confederates?

Accepted Answer

A) 12 confederates give the same answer and one confederate provides the correct response. 
B) 8 confederates give the same answer and one provides a different but also incorrect response. 
C) 4 confederates give the same answer and all of the responses are the same. 
D) 2 confederates give the same answer and one provides another answer that is incorrect. 
A) 12 confederates give the same answer and one confederate provides the correct response. 
B) 8 confederates give the same answer and one provides a different but also incorrect response. 
C) 4 confederates give the same answer and all of the responses are the same. 
D) 2 confederates give the same answer and one provides another answer that is incorrect.

Question 7

Colin and Erin are waiting to meet with their caterer so that they can discuss the menu for their wedding.The caterer is thirty minutes late and still hasn't arrived.Colin suggests the caterer is probably delayed because of traffic.Colin's attribution can be characterized as a

Accepted Answer

A) personal attribution. 
B) situational attribution. 
C) counterfactual attribution. 
D) correspondent attribution. 
A) personal attribution. 
B) situational attribution. 
C) counterfactual attribution. 
D) correspondent attribution.

Question 8

According to research,the larger the group,the

Accepted Answer

A) safer you are. 
B) more likely you are to receive help. 
C) more likely you are to give assistance. 
D) less likely you are to give or receive help. 
A) safer you are. 
B) more likely you are to receive help. 
C) more likely you are to give assistance. 
D) less likely you are to give or receive help.

Question 9

The Stanford Prison Study has been criticized on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A) methodological weaknesses. 
B) inability to replicate it. 
C) lack of real-life application. 
D) ethics. 
A) methodological weaknesses. 
B) inability to replicate it. 
C) lack of real-life application. 
D) ethics.

Question 10

Which scenario best demonstrates the fundamental attribution error?

Accepted Answer

A) Dorothy thinks that a co-worker is late because he overslept. 
B) Craig thinks that his classmate must have gotten a poor grade on an exam because the exam was too difficult. 
C) Blanche believes that the driver of the speeding vehicle must be responding to an emergency situation. 
D) Tom laughs at a friend who trips over a shoe because she falls in such a dramatic way. 
A) Dorothy thinks that a co-worker is late because he overslept. 
B) Craig thinks that his classmate must have gotten a poor grade on an exam because the exam was too difficult. 
C) Blanche believes that the driver of the speeding vehicle must be responding to an emergency situation. 
D) Tom laughs at a friend who trips over a shoe because she falls in such a dramatic way.

Question 11

In the famous Milgram experiment on obedience,who received a shock?

Accepted Answer

A) the "learner" 
B) no one 
C) the confederate 
D) the subject 
A) the "learner" 
B) no one 
C) the confederate 
D) the subject

Question 12

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the _______ was a confederate of the experimenter.

Accepted Answer

A) subject 
B) female subject 
C) learner 
D) normal person 
A) subject 
B) female subject 
C) learner 
D) normal person

Question 13

What theory was advanced by Festinger?

Accepted Answer

A) balance 
B) cognitive heuristic 
C) cognitive dissonance 
D) confirmation bias 
A) balance 
B) cognitive heuristic 
C) cognitive dissonance 
D) confirmation bias

Question 14

Asch (1951)used __________ to study informational conformity.

Accepted Answer

A) the "kinetic effect" 
B) the latency of response 
C) social loafing in a tug of war group 
D) line lengths 
A) the "kinetic effect" 
B) the latency of response 
C) social loafing in a tug of war group 
D) line lengths

Question 15

Groupthink can be avoided by

Accepted Answer

A) having a strong leader. 
B) inviting outsiders to give their opinions. 
C) striving for a consensus among members. 
D) having bright,well-informed members. 
A) having a strong leader. 
B) inviting outsiders to give their opinions. 
C) striving for a consensus among members. 
D) having bright,well-informed members.

Question 16

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the dependent variable was the

Accepted Answer

A) learner's incorrect responses. 
B) intensity of shock delivered. 
C) learner's screams of pain. 
D) number of mistakes made by the learner. 
A) learner's incorrect responses. 
B) intensity of shock delivered. 
C) learner's screams of pain. 
D) number of mistakes made by the learner.

Question 17

Which of the following conditions is conducive to creating a groupthink effect?

Accepted Answer

A) the illusion of disagreement 
B) a weak leader 
C) failing to critically evaluate ideas 
D) members who do not like each other 
A) the illusion of disagreement 
B) a weak leader 
C) failing to critically evaluate ideas 
D) members who do not like each other

Question 18

Over-simplified generalizations about the characteristics of a group are called

Accepted Answer

A) prejudices. 
B) stereotypes. 
C) biases. 
D) discrimination. 
A) prejudices. 
B) stereotypes. 
C) biases. 
D) discrimination.

Question 19

Which of the following is a negative,often aggressive behaviour aimed at the target of prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A) stereotypes 
B) bias 
C) discrimination 
D) reactance 
A) stereotypes 
B) bias 
C) discrimination 
D) reactance

Question 20

Freire did very poorly on his last arithmetic test.The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error might lead his sixth-grade teacher to conclude that Freire did poorly because

Accepted Answer

A) he is unmotivated to do well in school. 
B) the test covered material that had not been adequately covered in class. 
C) his parents had an argument that evening before the test. 
D) he was not given enough time to complete the test. 
A) he is unmotivated to do well in school. 
B) the test covered material that had not been adequately covered in class. 
C) his parents had an argument that evening before the test. 
D) he was not given enough time to complete the test.

Exam 13: B: Social Psychology

When a group exerts such strong pressure to conform that it prevents people from expressing critical ideas,the group is suffering from

Prejudice differs from discrimination in that it is

Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram's initial obedience experiment because

To conform is to yield to

People won't help when there are many bystanders because

In which scenario would an individual be most likely to conform by giving the same response as the confederates?

Colin and Erin are waiting to meet with their caterer so that they can discuss the menu for their wedding.The caterer is thirty minutes late and still hasn't arrived.Colin suggests the caterer is probably delayed because of traffic.Colin's attribution can be characterized as a

According to research,the larger the group,the

The Stanford Prison Study has been criticized on the basis of

Which scenario best demonstrates the fundamental attribution error?

In the famous Milgram experiment on obedience,who received a shock?

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the _______ was a confederate of the experimenter.

What theory was advanced by Festinger?

Asch (1951)used __________ to study informational conformity.

Groupthink can be avoided by

In the Milgram experiment on obedience,the dependent variable was the

Which of the following conditions is conducive to creating a groupthink effect?

Over-simplified generalizations about the characteristics of a group are called

Which of the following is a negative,often aggressive behaviour aimed at the target of prejudice?

Freire did very poorly on his last arithmetic test.The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error might lead his sixth-grade teacher to conclude that Freire did poorly because

A: Introducing Psychological Science

B: Introducing Psychological Science

C: Introducing Psychological Science

D: Introducing Psychological Science

E: Introducing Psychological Science

A: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

C: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

D: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

E: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

E: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

D: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

A: Thought and Language

B: Thought and Language

C: Thought and Language

D: Thought and Language

E: Thought and Language

A: Intelligence Testing

B: Intelligence Testing

C: Intelligence Testing

D: Intelligence Testing

E: Intelligence Testing

A: Lifespan Development

B: Lifespan Development

C: Lifespan Development

D: Lifespan Development

E: Lifespan Development

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

E: Motivation and Emotion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

E: Personality

A: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

D: Social Psychology