Exam 2: B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

In an experiment concerning the effect of auditory feedback on accuracy in writing computer programs,one group hears a computer-simulated voice say each character or symbol that they type in as they are writing their programs.The second group does not receive the auditory feedback as they type their program code.This second group is the ___________ group.

To obtain objective information,researchers sometimes must deceive their subjects.Ethically,researchers using deception must always

Why is it essential that the experimental and control groups be treated identically in every respect but one?

A scientist is conducting a research study on sleep and learning.She questions her own objectivity and decides to let a third person,who is not associated with conducting the experiment,score the tests.The scientist is probably trying to eliminate

In an experiment,a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable.The manipulated variable is called the

Professor McSpell designed an experiment to test her hypothesis that exercise will increase spelling ability.She divided children into three groups and had one group do 10 minutes of exercises,one group do 30 minutes of exercises,and the third group do no exercise.She then tested all three groups of children to see how many words they could spell correctly on a spelling test.In this experiment,the scores on the spelling test serve as the

Positive correlation shows

Naturalistic observation is

Dr.Welsh is doing experiments using drugs.He is concerned that his subjects will respond to demand characteristics.He may want to control for this by using which of the following strategies?

In an experiment,group A was given 3 minutes to study a word list,while group B was given 10 minutes to study the same list.Later,both groups were asked to recall words from the list.In this study,the number of words recalled was the

The purpose of a control group in an experiment is to

In a controlled experiment,the group subjected to a change in the independent variable is called the __________ group.

A psychologist is studying pilot trainees.She picks a select group of trainees that she hopes is representative of all other trainees.The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist is collectively known to researchers as a

In an experiment,four groups of college students used different memorizing strategies to learn the material in one chapter of a textbook.Then each group was given the same multiple-choice test on the material.What was the dependent variable in this study?

A correlation of .00 means

A researcher tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms.She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library.All students take the test in the classroom,and their test performance is compared.In this example,the location that students study is the

The process of establishing causal relationships is associated most with

Collecting objective data without interference in the subject's normal environment is associated with

In an experiment on the effects of level of motivation on the performance of typists,the researcher randomly assigned one-third of her subjects to each of three levels of motivation (and then induced different levels of motivation in the three groups).She measured the average words typed per minute by each group,and found that performance was highest under medium motivation,average under low motivation,and worst under high motivation.What was the independent variable in this experiment?

Cause-and-effect conclusions can be drawn from the results of an experiment because