Question 1

Salivating in response to the specific bell that was used during training,but not to any other bells,is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) generalization. 
B) extinction. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) discrimination. 
A) generalization. 
B) extinction. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) discrimination. D

Question 2

An important distinction between classical and operant conditioning is that

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning involves voluntary responding to stimuli,while operant conditioning involves involuntary responding to stimuli. 
B) classical conditioning involves reinforcement of behaviour,while operant conditioning involves punishment of behaviour. 
C) classical conditioning involves cognitive learning of behaviours,while operant conditioning involves associative learning of behaviours. 
D) responding does not affect the presentation of stimuli in classical conditioning,but in operant conditioning responding has consequences. 
A) classical conditioning involves voluntary responding to stimuli,while operant conditioning involves involuntary responding to stimuli. 
B) classical conditioning involves reinforcement of behaviour,while operant conditioning involves punishment of behaviour. 
C) classical conditioning involves cognitive learning of behaviours,while operant conditioning involves associative learning of behaviours. 
D) responding does not affect the presentation of stimuli in classical conditioning,but in operant conditioning responding has consequences. D

Question 3

Most mornings,Becky listens to her favourite song as she gets ready for work,including putting in her contact lenses.One afternoon,Becky hears her favourite song playing,and her eyes start watering-something that usually only happens when she puts in her contacts.If this is an example of classical conditioning,what is the unconditioned stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A) eye watering 
B) Becky's contacts 
C) the song 
D) getting ready for work 
A) eye watering 
B) Becky's contacts 
C) the song 
D) getting ready for work B

Question 4

How would Watson have explained why many people have a phobia of flying on airplanes?

Accepted Answer

A) Flying is unnatural for human beings. 
B) The brain has difficulty understanding how something heavy can fly. 
C) Extensive news coverage of airplane crashes cause people to associate airplanes with danger. 
D) People with a flying phobia are actually afraid of being trapped in small spaces. 
A) Flying is unnatural for human beings. 
B) The brain has difficulty understanding how something heavy can fly. 
C) Extensive news coverage of airplane crashes cause people to associate airplanes with danger. 
D) People with a flying phobia are actually afraid of being trapped in small spaces.

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes our current understanding of the relationship between exposure to media violence and future aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no relationship between media violence and aggression. 
B) Media violence clearly causes aggression. 
C) There is a positive correlation between media violence and aggression. 
D) There is a negative correlation between media violence and aggression. 
A) There is no relationship between media violence and aggression. 
B) Media violence clearly causes aggression. 
C) There is a positive correlation between media violence and aggression. 
D) There is a negative correlation between media violence and aggression.

Question 6

All other things being equal,an animal trained on which of the following schedules of reinforcement should experience extinction most quickly when the reinforcement is removed?

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-interval schedule 
B) fixed-ratio schedule 
C) variable-ratio schedule 
D) variable-interval schedule 
A) fixed-interval schedule 
B) fixed-ratio schedule 
C) variable-ratio schedule 
D) variable-interval schedule

Question 7

A rat is conditioned to press a lever for food.One day,a food pellet jams in the automatic feeder and the rat no longer receives food after pressing the lever.After a few minutes,the rat eventually stops pressing the lever.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) negative reinforcement. 
B) extinction. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) avoidance learning. 
A) negative reinforcement. 
B) extinction. 
C) classical conditioning. 
D) avoidance learning.

Question 8

The word negative in the term negative reinforcement refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the removal of a stimulus. 
B) an unwanted conditioned behaviour. 
C) the use of punishment. 
D) the use of an unpleasant stimulus. 
A) the removal of a stimulus. 
B) an unwanted conditioned behaviour. 
C) the use of punishment. 
D) the use of an unpleasant stimulus.

Question 9

In classical conditioning,a(n)_____ becomes a(n)_____,which elicits a response.

Accepted Answer

A) neutral stimulus;conditioned stimulus 
B) neutral stimulus;unconditioned stimulus 
C) unconditioned stimulus;conditioned stimulus 
D) unconditioned stimulus;neutral stimulus 
A) neutral stimulus;conditioned stimulus 
B) neutral stimulus;unconditioned stimulus 
C) unconditioned stimulus;conditioned stimulus 
D) unconditioned stimulus;neutral stimulus

Question 10

Learning that occurs but is not expressed until later is called

Accepted Answer

A) observational learning. 
B) classical conditioning. 
C) latent learning. 
D) discriminative learning. 
A) observational learning. 
B) classical conditioning. 
C) latent learning. 
D) discriminative learning.

Exam 6: D: Learning

Salivating in response to the specific bell that was used during training,but not to any other bells,is an example of

An important distinction between classical and operant conditioning is that

How would Watson have explained why many people have a phobia of flying on airplanes?

Which of the following statements best describes our current understanding of the relationship between exposure to media violence and future aggression?

All other things being equal,an animal trained on which of the following schedules of reinforcement should experience extinction most quickly when the reinforcement is removed?

A rat is conditioned to press a lever for food.One day,a food pellet jams in the automatic feeder and the rat no longer receives food after pressing the lever.After a few minutes,the rat eventually stops pressing the lever.This is an example of

The word <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>negative</i> in the term negative reinforcement refers to

In classical conditioning,a(n)_____ becomes a(n)_____,which elicits a response.

Learning that occurs but is not expressed until later is called

A: Introducing Psychological Science

B: Introducing Psychological Science

C: Introducing Psychological Science

D: Introducing Psychological Science

E: Introducing Psychological Science

A: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

C: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

D: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

E: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

A: Biological Psychology

B: Biological Psychology

C: Biological Psychology

D: Biological Psychology

E: Biological Psychology

A: Sensation and Perception

B: Sensation and Perception

C: Sensation and Perception

D: Sensation and Perception

A: Consciousness

B: Consciousness

C: Consciousness

D: Consciousness

A: Learning

B: Learning

C: Learning

A: Memory

B: Memory

C: Memory

D: Memory

A: Thought and Language

B: Thought and Language

C: Thought and Language

D: Thought and Language

E: Thought and Language

A: Intelligence Testing

B: Intelligence Testing

C: Intelligence Testing

D: Intelligence Testing

E: Intelligence Testing

A: Lifespan Development

B: Lifespan Development

C: Lifespan Development

D: Lifespan Development

E: Lifespan Development

A: Motivation and Emotion

B: Motivation and Emotion

C: Motivation and Emotion

D: Motivation and Emotion

E: Motivation and Emotion

A: Personality

B: Personality

C: Personality

D: Personality

E: Personality

A: Social Psychology

B: Social Psychology

C: Social Psychology

D: Social Psychology

E: Social Psychology

A: Health, Stress, and Coping

B: Health, Stress, and Coping

C: Health, Stress, and Coping

D: Health, Stress, and Coping

E: Health, Stress, and Coping

A: Psychological Disorders

B: Psychological Disorders

C: Psychological Disorders

D: Psychological Disorders

E: Psychological Disorders

In classical conditioning,a(n)_ becomes a(n)_,which elicits a response.