Exam 8: C: Thought and Language

When negotiating with a potential buyer,Tela always starts by suggesting a price that is much higher than she expects to receive.She's noticed that when she suggest a specific number,the buyer is likely to counter with an offer that is relatively close to her initial suggestion.This is an example of:

In a semantic network,the ____________ represent concepts,and the _______________ represent the structure of a category.

A child's ability to map words onto concepts or objects after only a single exposure to them is called ____________.

A(n)_______________ occurs when an individual believes the probability of finding a specific member in two overlapping categories is more likely than finding any member of one of the larger,general categories.

Many people categorize tomatoes as a vegetable,even though they technically meet the scientific definition for a fruit.A likely reason for this is that:

_________________ is involved in speech production,while ___________________ is associated with the meaning of words.

Computers are particularly well-suited for using ________________ to solve problems.

When Arya tries to hang her degree in her office,she realizes that she doesn't have a hammer to secure the nail to the wall.She thinks for a moment and then takes off her shoe and uses it to bang in the nail.Arya has overcome which cognitive obstacle?

Language is based on basic sound units called ___________,which typically have no meaning by themselves.

When someone does not see that a tool can be used for something other than its intended purpose,they are likely experiencing ________________.

Most people take longer to identify a platypus as a mammal than it takes them to identify a cat as a mammal.This is likely because a cat is closer to most people's _______________ for the concept of mammal.

One interesting property of ___________ is that we usually know when it is not being used correctly,but people often cannot explain exactly why.

Miranda asks her teacher,"Can I go to the bathroom?" to which she replied,"I don't know,can you?" Miranda's teacher was purposely ignoring the ______________ of Miranda's question to make a point about grammar.

Which of the following is an example of a framing effect?

Research on the Inuit has revealed that:

The tendency to solve problems using procedures or strategies that worked in the past with similar problems is called:

Young children sometimes literally interpret sentences like "Do you know where your mommy is?" by answering "Yes." They failed to understand the ________ of the question.

Mandi shares her frozen dessert with her sister."Wow!" says her sister,"What type of ice-cream is this?" Mandi explains that,because it does not contain any dairy,the dessert is a sorbet and not an ice-cream.Mandi's use of the technical definition for ice-cream to classify the dessert is an example of:

Mental representations of an average category member are called _____________ and allow for "classification by resemblance."

Which of the following is most likely to be a basic-level category?