Exam 7: Learning

Examination of SAT test scores in math reveals that the average scores for boys is higher than that of girls. However, the __________ of math scores for boys is also greater than that of girls, which illustrates that boys had some of the highest and lowest scores.

Operant and instrumental conditioning refer to the same concept.

Attention deficit disorders are commonly and successfully treated with _________ drugs. a) sedative-hypnotic b) depressant c) opiate d) stimulant

Before American Idol, a Caucasian male was told, "Caucasians cannot sing or dance." What type of threat does this statement illustrate?

Biological preparedness plays an important role in:

One reason Carlos continues to work at his job is the check he receives every two weeks. Carlos' paycheck is a _________ reinforcer.

Describe Thorndike's "puzzle box" experiment.

On most occasions, drivers you let into your lane acknowledge the favor in some way; sometimes, though, they don't. The behavior of letting drivers in is maintained by __________ reinforcement.

What behavior occurs when prior experiences involving inescapable punishment lead people or animals to accept punishing consequences when they could be avoided?

Rosa becomes anxious when she enters the examination room at the clinic before a blood test. She also squirms when she views injections on television. This paragraph illustrates:

While on a recent combat tour in Afghanistan, Regina learned to dive for cover at the sounds of gunfire. When she returned home, she found herself diving for cover when her husband accidently slammed a door. What learning process is illustrated by this example?

Negative punishment takes away something unpleasant.

In a process known as systematic ________, phobic individuals are exposed repeatedly to the feared object or situation in the absence of the US.

Sean was told that "Boys are not good at writing" before he completed the writing sample for his English class. He didn't do well on his writing sample. What term is used to describe the negative impact this statement may have had on his performance.

"BANG!" "What was that?" Danielle asks in a breathless panic. "That? It was just a falling pecan hitting the carport's tin roof," Matthew explains. A scant minute later, the doorbell rings. Danielle turns abruptly, still startled. Danielle's behavior reflects ________.

Name two developmental milestones that occur in early childhood.

How can the principles of partial reinforcement be used to manage the behavior of children?

The term 'reward' is synonymous with:

Vending machine is to slot machine as ____________ reinforcement is to __________ reinforcement.

Dr. Cortese conducts a neuroimaging study of patients undergoing systematic desensitization to treat a fear of high places. The images should show that activity in the _________ occurs when patients are __________.