Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Someone who is attracted to members of the same sex has a(n) ________ orientation.

Wundt used the term ________ to describe his view of psychology.

Define naturalistic observation. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this research technique? How is naturalistic observation useful to research scientists?

A group of psychologists study the differences among individuals' traits such as agreeableness, sociability, self-esteem, emotional stability, and aggressiveness. They are most likely ________ psychologists.

Neuropsychology, psychobiology, and behavioral genetics are specialty areas within the field of psychology known as ________ psychology.

Watson's famous conditioning experiment involved a ________.

The scientific method has been applied to psychological issues for about the last ________ years.

Titchener broke consciousness down into three basic elements.

In a research study, a psychiatrist gives depressed patients a particular drug and observes that their symptoms diminish. He concludes that the drug caused the reduction in symptoms. This experiment is flawed because it lacks a(n) ________.

The female psychologist who is known for her pioneering research examining the role of imagery in thought processes is ________.

A researcher is studying the effects of film violence on aggressive behavior in males. She randomly assigns 100 males to Group A, who watch several short, violent films and 100 males to Group B, who watch several short films of toddlers playing quietly. She then observes them for a period of time and rates their behavior for aggressiveness. She then decides to divide the data according to the age of the subjects (males over 30 and males under 30) so that she can compare the treatment effects on younger and older age males. Which group is the experimental group?

A psychologist studying pilot trainees picks a select group of trainees who are hopefully representative of all other trainees. The group of trainees being studied by this psychologist are collectively known to researchers as a ________.

The history of psychology can be divided into ________ main stages.

A researcher, interested in how children interact with each other, goes to a school playground and unobtrusively takes notes as she watches them over a period of several hours. This researcher is using the ________ method of research.

Wundt believed that ________ be studied through scientific experiments.

Explain what surveys are and how they overcome some of the shortcomings of case studies. What are some of the specific advantages and disadvantages of this type of research?

Structuralism emphasized ________.

Pavlov intentionally trained his dogs to expect food when they ________.

A scientist is studying the effects of alcohol on driving ability. Set up an experimental design in which this scientist could identify the effects of alcohol on driving ability. In your description, be sure to label your hypothesis, the independent variable, the dependent variable, the control group, and the experimental group. How could this scientist avoid the effects of experimenter bias when scoring the results of the study?

In an experiment, a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable. The manipulated variable is called the ________.