Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Consider the following experiment. Children are drawn from high-, middle-, and low- income households. All the children are divided into two groups. One group watches "Sesame Street" on TV every day for a month while the other group watches cartoons. Both groups are then given a test that measures creativity. In this study, ________.

Psychologists use techniques based on the intuitive method.

Twenty years ago, most psychology textbooks described psychology as the "study of behavior." Today, most of these describe psychology as the "study of behavior and mental processes." This definitional change can in large part be attributed to the impact of ________ psychology.

The case study method is one in which ________.

If you looked at an apple and recognized it because of seeing its red, round shape, with a stem at the top, remembering what other apples had looked like, and remembering that you really like the taste of apples, you would be supporting the ________ school of psychology.

Personality psychologists study mental and physical growth in humans from the prenatal period through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.

A mother is trying to teach her little boy to eat his cereal with a spoon. Every time he correctly does so, his mother gives him a small piece of his favorite cookie. This is an example of ________.

John Watson was the founder of the school of thought that became known as ________.

Like Watson, Skinner believed that psychology should study only ________.

The field of psychology that explores the neurological mechanisms that underlie mental processes such as learning, memory, intelligence, and emotion is ________.

In Milgram's studies, "learners" who made errors were punished with ________.

Freud's work with his patients convinced him that many nervous ailments are ________.

Each of the following is a problem in conducting naturalistic observation except ________.

Stanley Milgram is known for his studies on obedience.

A research technique in which an investigator deliberately manipulates selected events or circumstances and then measures the effects of those manipulations on subsequent behavior is the ________ method.

Freud's theories differed radically from the views of American psychologists of his time because of ________.

Correlational studies allow researchers to explain cause-and-effect relationships.

A group of psychologists study human, mental, and physical growth from the prenatal period through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. They are most likely ________ psychologists.

The degree of relationship between two or more variables is ________.

William James is most closely associated with the school of structuralism.