Exam 11: Learning Part 1

When people try to quit drugs to which they are addicted, exposure to drug-related cues may trigger

Every time Brianna does the dishes her parents give her a dollar. What type of reinforcement are Brianna's parents using?

Negative reinforcement

When Kristen asks her grandmother for a cookie, her grandmother usually gives her one. Last week at the park, Kristen's mother was embarrassed when Kristen walked up to five different elderly ladies and asked them for cookies. Kristen's behavior illustrates the concept of

Frederick cringes every time he hears a dentist's drill, even when he is sitting in the waiting room of his dentist's office. In this example, the pain of dental drilling is

Given the same overall frequency of reinforcement on a fixed and a variable schedule of reinforcement, you should predict that the variable reinforcement schedule will tend to produce

Which of the following statements regarding stimulus generalization and stimulus discrimination is correct?

The researcher who studied the ability of cats to learn to escape from puzzle boxes was

The study by Domjan et al. (1988), which investigated the adaptive significance of sexual conditioning, may shed some light on

When animals or humans are shifted to higher fixed ratio schedules, which require more responses to obtain each reinforcer, the typical result is

Simon cringes every time he hears a dentist's drill, even when he is sitting in the waiting room of his dentist's office. In this example, cringing in the waiting room is

A major automaker has developed a series of television commercials that show its cars in the great outdoors, in peaceful settings, away from the hustle and bustle of big cities. They hope that seeing the cars in these settings will condition good feelings about their cars. This particular auto maker is attempting to use

In order to weaken or eliminate a conditioned response, you would present

Learning to ride a bicycle is most likely acquired via the process of

Summer is teaching herself to type using a computer software package. The first time she used the program, the sentences she was supposed to type scrolled very slowly across the computer screen and when she finished the computer played a clapping sound. However, now she has to type the material faster than her previous "best time" before the computer plays the clapping sound. This computer software package incorporates

The type of learning in which voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences is

Eduardo's mother always wore Chantille perfume, and when she would hug him or hold him close he could smell that scent. Today, whenever he catches a whiff of Chantille perfume, it makes him feel calm and relaxed. The learning process that could best account for Eduardo's response to the scent of Chantille perfume is

Six-year-old Kristen is afraid of balloons because a balloon once popped in her face while she was holding it. Last week she went to the circus and there was a clown holding a huge assortment of helium balloons. Now she is also afraid of clowns, even though none of the balloons the clown was holding popped. Kristen's fear of clowns illustrates the classical conditioning process of

Ken used to drool at the smell of peanut butter cookies as they baked, and he couldn't wait to sink his teeth into that first cookie. However, Ken's new roommate makes terrible peanut butter cookies, and the smell of them baking is no longer associated with a wonderful taste experience. Consequently, Ken finds that the smell of the cookies no longer makes him drool in anticipation. This illustrates the classical conditioning process known as

When Antonio was sick as a child, his mother would always make him vanilla pudding; to Antonio it seemed like the vanilla pudding made him feel better. Even now, he still gets a good feeling when he starts to prepare some vanilla pudding, but not when he starts to make any other type of pudding. This example illustrates the classical conditioning process of