Question 1

The vocal folds (true vocal cords) of adult females are usually thinner and vibrate more rapidly than those of adult males.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Normal exhalation (expiration) is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  relaxation of inhalation (inspiratory) muscles. 
B)  the inward pull of surface tension due to the film of alveolar fluid. 
C)  recoil of elastic fibers in the lungs. 
D)  all of these choices. 
A)  relaxation of inhalation (inspiratory) muscles. 
B)  the inward pull of surface tension due to the film of alveolar fluid. 
C)  recoil of elastic fibers in the lungs. 
D)  all of these choices. D

Question 3

List the cells found in, or associated with, the wall of an alveolus, stating the function of each one.

Accepted Answer

1. Two types of epithelial cells make up the wall: a) Type I alveolar cells (simple squamous epithelium) form a continuous lining which is the site of gas exchange.
b) Type II alveolar cells (septal cells) resemble cuboidal epithelium and secrete alveolar fluid containing surfactant, which helps prevent the collapse of alveoli during exhalation.
2. Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) are wandering macrophages that remove fine particles of dust.
3. Fibroblasts produce reticular and elastic fibers (for recoil of lung tissue).

Question 4

Compared to the left lung, the right lung

Accepted Answer

A)  is broader. 
B)  is shorter. 
C)  has one more lobe. 
D)  all of these choices 
A)  is broader. 
B)  is shorter. 
C)  has one more lobe. 
D)  all of these choices

Question 5

Sympathetic stimulation results in constriction of bronchioles.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Type II alveolar (septal) cells secrete _____, which reduces the tendency of the alveoli to collapse.

Accepted Answer

A)  mucus 
B)  surfactant 
C)  serous fluid 
D)  carbon dioxide 
A)  mucus 
B)  surfactant 
C)  serous fluid 
D)  carbon dioxide

Question 7

Pulmonary ventilation (breathing) involves the physical movement of air between the alveoli and atmospheric air.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Cilia in the lower respiratory tract beat so as to move mucus and trapped dust in a superior direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

As a molecule of oxygen passes from alveolar air into the blood it passes through the layers of the respiratory membrane in what order?
1) epithelial basement membrane
2) capillary basement membrane
3) alveolar epithelial wall
4) capillary endothelial wall

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 1, 2, 4 
B)  4, 3, 2, 1 
C)  1, 3, 2, 4 
D)  3, 1, 4, 2 
A)  3, 1, 2, 4 
B)  4, 3, 2, 1 
C)  1, 3, 2, 4 
D)  3, 1, 4, 2

Question 10

Peripheral chemoreceptors located in the _____________________ and __________________ send signals to respiratory center to control breathing.

Accepted Answer

aortic bod

Question 11

The serous membrane surrounding the lung and in direct contact with the lung is referred to as the _____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The serous membrane surrounding the lung and...

Question 12

The trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  pulmonary ventilation; breathing 
B)  external (pulmonary) respiration; gas exchange between air in alveoli and blood in pulmonary capillaries 
C)  internal (tissue) respiration; gas exchange between systemic capillary blood and tissue cells 
D)  external (pulmonary) respiration; the blood loses O2 and gains CO2 
A)  pulmonary ventilation; breathing 
B)  external (pulmonary) respiration; gas exchange between air in alveoli and blood in pulmonary capillaries 
C)  internal (tissue) respiration; gas exchange between systemic capillary blood and tissue cells 
D)  external (pulmonary) respiration; the blood loses O2 and gains CO2

Question 14

The epiglottis cartilage is attached to the vocal folds (true vocal cords).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The principal muscles of inhalation (inspiration) are the _____ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphragm, internal intercostals 
B)  internal intercostals, external intercostals 
C)  diaphragm, sternocleidomastoids 
D)  diaphragm, external intercostals 
A)  diaphragm, internal intercostals 
B)  internal intercostals, external intercostals 
C)  diaphragm, sternocleidomastoids 
D)  diaphragm, external intercostals

Question 16

The cardiac notch is a feature located on the medial aspect of the left lung.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The horizontal fissure is superior to the middle lobe of the right lung.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The pharyngeal tonsil (adenoid) and the auditory (eustachian) tubes are located in the oropharynx.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The paired laryngeal cartilages that, along with intrinsic pharyngeal muscles, move the vocal folds (true vocal cords) in speech production are the _____ cartilages.

Accepted Answer

A)  cricoid 
B)  thyroid 
C)  arytenoid 
D)  epiglottic 
A)  cricoid 
B)  thyroid 
C)  arytenoid 
D)  epiglottic

Question 20

__________ branch off the aorta and bring oxygen rich blood to the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary arteries 
B)  Pulmonary arteries 
C)  Bronchial arteries 
D)  Pulmonary veins 
A)  Coronary arteries 
B)  Pulmonary arteries 
C)  Bronchial arteries 
D)  Pulmonary veins

Exam 23: The Respiratory System

The vocal folds (true vocal cords) of adult females are usually thinner and vibrate more rapidly than those of adult males.

Normal exhalation (expiration) is due to

List the cells found in, or associated with, the wall of an alveolus, stating the function of each one.

Compared to the left lung, the right lung

Sympathetic stimulation results in constriction of bronchioles.

Type II alveolar (septal) cells secrete _____, which reduces the tendency of the alveoli to collapse.

Pulmonary ventilation (breathing) involves the physical movement of air between the alveoli and atmospheric air.

Cilia in the lower respiratory tract beat so as to move mucus and trapped dust in a superior direction.

As a molecule of oxygen passes from alveolar air into the blood it passes through the layers of the respiratory membrane in what order? 1) epithelial basement membrane 2) capillary basement membrane 3) alveolar epithelial wall 4) capillary endothelial wall

Peripheral chemoreceptors located in the _____________________ and __________________ send signals to respiratory center to control breathing.

The serous membrane surrounding the lung and in direct contact with the lung is referred to as the _____________________.

The trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells.

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

The epiglottis cartilage is attached to the vocal folds (true vocal cords).

The principal muscles of inhalation (inspiration) are the _____ and _____.

The cardiac notch is a feature located on the medial aspect of the left lung.

The horizontal fissure is superior to the middle lobe of the right lung.

The pharyngeal tonsil (adenoid) and the auditory (eustachian) tubes are located in the oropharynx.

The paired laryngeal cartilages that, along with intrinsic pharyngeal muscles, move the vocal folds (true vocal cords) in speech production are the _____ cartilages.

__________ branch off the aorta and bring oxygen rich blood to the lungs.

An Introduction to the Human Body

Cells

Tissues

Development

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and the Spinal Nerves

The Brain and the Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic Senses and Motor Control

Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems

Surface Anatomy

Filters

Peripheral chemoreceptors located in the ___ and send signals to respiratory center to control breathing.

The principal muscles of inhalation (inspiration) are the _ and _.