Exam 25: The Urinary System

_____ is an enzyme released by the kidney which indirectly causes an increase in blood pressure.

Which segment of the renal tubule is composed of simple squamous epithelium?

The indentation on the concave border of each kidney is the renal _____.

The kidneys produce two hormones: calcitrol and calcitonin.

Describe the three coats that make up the wall of the urinary bladder, from innermost (deepest) to outermost (most superficial).

The internal urethral sphincter is formed by circular smooth muscle. The external urethral sphincter is derived from voluntary skeletal muscle.

The distal (last) region of a ureter has only two layers of smooth muscle in the muscularis.

What is the structure that is indicated on the diagram?

Peritubulular capillaries surround parts of the nephron in the renal cortex. The vasa recta surrounds portions of the nephron in the renal medulla.

Which of the following structures would not be located entering/exiting the renal hilum?

The renal cortex contains the renal corpuscles and most parts of the renal tubules except for the nephron loops (loops of Henle) of the juxtamedullary nephrons.

The kidneys are located within peritoneum cavity of the abdomen.

The first branch of the renal artery is the

A nephron consists of two parts:

When mesangial cells relax, the surface area of the glomerulus increases causing glomerular filtration to increase.

A common effect of aging is _____, increased frequency of urination at night.

After birth, growth of nephrons is due to hypertrophy not hyperplasia.

In severe cases of urinary incontinence, a suprapubic catheter (a tube placed in the bladder from the anterior abdominal wall) is used to aid in voiding urine. With the placement of this catheter, urine does not pass through the:

The movement of substances through the epithelial cells and then into the peritubular capillaries is _____ reabsorption.

The concave border of the kidney faces the