Exam 6: Validity

In the early stages of an experiment, several participants discover that they are being deceived. Since the deception is harmless, they decide to play along so as not to embarrass the researcher. Which one of the following terms best describes this scenario?

If you wanted to make sure that fingernail biting was a good way to classify your participants regarding their anxiety level by also testing them with the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale, you would have used an)

If a researcher is worried that the results of a study done on taboo words in the 1940s might not yield the same results with today's students, the researcher is concerned about

The strength of the relationship between the independent and dependent variable is reflected in the measure of ____________

The extent to which data are shown to be the result of a cause-effect relationship rather than accident reflects the level of

Which one of the following questions does not concern a threat to external validity? Would the same experiment _______

If an experiment suffers from lack of____________, the experiment may appear to show that the null hypothesis is supported, when in reality, it should be rejected.

Marie is a participant in an experiment on food preferences. She has a habit of eating her fish sandwiches with coleslaw, cocktail sauce, and peanut butter on them on them. When asked about her preferences in eating fish, she doesn't mention all of the condiments that she uses. Marie is showing

Any bias in selecting subjects for an experiment threatens the _____________ of the experiment.

In a study of social interaction in mixed-gender groups, a researcher unconsciously treats women participants differently from the men participants when he reads them the instructions for the experiment. This is an example of

A change in behavior simply as a result of earlier experience in the study is a threat to _________validity.

Ruling out alternative theoretical explanations of results is the concern of ______ validity.

The assumption that poverty causes level of performance in school suffers from

A researcher designs a study to assess the effects of individual versus group practice on problem-solving achievement of fifth-grade children. Two teachers in an inner city elementary school volunteer to participate in the study and decide to use the classes that they are already teaching. The teachers decide between themselves which method, either the individual or group method, their students will use. After a 10 week period, a problem solving test is administered to the children. Discuss the threats to internal and external validity in this study.

The basic idea of validity is that conclusions based on research are)

If a researcher asks, "Can we be sure that the observed relationship between the independent and dependent variables represents a true cause-effect relationship and is not due to chance?" then the researcher is concerned about ________ validity

If a researcher finds a result in a laboratory setting but not in a real world setting, the finding

Confounding is a threat to ________ validity

When a researcher asks the question, "Have subjects been pre-selected so as to represent the extremes on the variable of interest?" she is concerned with which one of the following potential threats to internal validity?