Exam 12: Single Subject Experiments

The purpose of a baseline measurement is

Which of the following areas of psychology is most likely to employ single-subject research?

Marla conducts a study to gradually teach a poodle to jump through a flaming hoop. At each session, Marla introduces a more stringent set of guidelines before reinforcing the poodle. Which one of the following designs would be most appropriate for this study?

When naming single-subject designs, an "A" in the title refers to the

I obtained a baseline level of John's cooking behavior of 25% of the meals without praise. I then highly praised his cooking behavior, and it increased to 85% of the meals. Later, I stopped praising his cooking, and his behavior began to drop back to its baseline level. What sort of design was I using?

Compare and contrast group designs with the single-subject approach. What are the advantages of the single-subject design? Disadvantages?

Dr. Skinner wants a pigeon to learn to peck a button in its cage. He first records how often the pigeon pecks the button. Then, after 3 days, he begins to give food to the pigeon every time it pecks the button. The pigeon's rate of pecking the button increases. After 3 days, he quits giving the pigeon food contingent on its pecking the button. The pigeon's rate of pecking the button decreases. After 3 more days, Dr. Skinner begins giving the pigeon food for pecking the button again, and its rate of pecking increases again. What kind of experimental design has Dr. Skinner used?

According to the text, the founder of experimental psychology was

A major advantage of single-subject research compared to group research is that

Jamal was continually late to work. In an effort to reduce this behavior, his supervisor told him that for each minute he was late to work, it would be deducted from his break time. During the week, the supervisor noticed that Jamal was no longer coming late to work. In an attempt to see if it was indeed his intervention that was the cause of Jamal's behavior change, the supervisor told him that the following Monday, there would no longer be a penalty for coming late to work. Jamal's behavior of lateness returned. Convinced, the supervisor reinstated the consequence. Jamal again began arriving to work on time. What design does this procedure describe?

The first psychological laboratory was founded in 1879 by:

Madge took special classes from Barbie to improve her spelling. Barbie first tested Madge's current spelling ability. Barbie was not sure what teaching method would work best, so she tried 3 different ones: positive practice, positive reinforcement, and correction. She tried a different method during each class, testing Madge's spelling at the end of the day. What design was Barbie using?

The statistical technique of ANOVA was developed by

The term clinical significance refers to

A major disadvantage of single-subject research compared to group research is that

The most important control strategy in single-subject research is

What is the name of the single-subject research design that introduces an independent variable at different times for different behaviors to see if changes in behavior coincide with manipulation of the independent variable?

Which one of the following control strategies is not a part of the A-B-A design?

Psychologists began using statistical methods

The discovery that human traits followed the normal curve was made by