Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which of the following statements is true?

The primary advantage of the naturalistic observation method of research is that it ________.

Ivan Pavlov is known for his experiments on the conditioning of dogs.

An unintended consequence of the dominance of behavioral psychology was that psychology developed ________.

Describe the role played by women in the history of the field of psychology. Discuss some of the obstacles that have prevented many women, and hindered others, from achieving equal status with males as respected professionals. What is the current status of women in the field of psychology?

A noted scientist argues that consciousness is a continuous flow, and that perceptions, associations, sensations and emotions cannot be separated. This scientist is most likely a follower of ________.

According to Wundt, the mind should be studied ________.

A group of psychologists are interested in how hormones, psychoactive medications, and "social drugs" affect us. They are most likely to be ________.

A scientist trains dogs to salivate to the sound of a buzzer by pairing the buzzer's sound with the presence of food. This technique is called ________.

The anthropologist whose research showed that definitions of masculinity and femininity are not biological given but are learned cultural constructs and therefore subject to change is ________.

Surveys helped Jean Piaget develop his theory of cognitive development.

A male who seeks help for depression is told that the way to overcome the depression is to improve his self-esteem and self-expression, to seek out peak experiences and achieve self-actualization. This approach is most similar to that of ________ psychology.

The first psychology laboratory was founded by ________.

The term "race" refers to ________ heritage.

A common cultural heritage, including religion, language, and/or ancestry, that is shared by a group of individuals is called ________.

About ________ of the people holding advanced degrees in psychology are clinicians who treat clients having emotional or mental difficulties.

Briefly describe Freud's psychoanalytic psychology in terms of its major principles. Explain why Freud's ideas were controversial and describe their impact on psychology.

The first psychology laboratory was founded by Wolfgang Köhler.

The idea that psychology should focus on how people experience and perceive separate objects (such as dots) as whole patterns (such as lines, or objects) is a central concept of ________ psychology.

A group of psychologists at a cocktail party are discussing what kinds of questions are most studied and useful in the field of psychology. Which of the following pairs of psychologists are most likely to find agreement?