Exam 6: Memory

An fMRI is conducted as a person is primed with a visual word cue.The next time the person sees the cue,a second fMRI MOST likely will reveal _____ activation in the _____ lobe relative to the first time the cue was presented.

Thinking about a word's meaning results in a deeper level of encoding than does listening to how it sounds or thinking about how it looks.

In the absence of rehearsal,research has shown that information can be held in the short-term memory store for _____ seconds or less.

Clara is in a sad mood.She is asked to recall an event in her past that was relatively neutral-her performance in a junior high history class in which she earned a B-and she remembers the event as being a sadder experience than it probably was.The influence of Clara's current mood on her memory illustrates the memory sin of:

Sarah was at work in a gas station when it was robbed.Right before the robbery occurred,she spoke to a tall man with olive skin and a mustache.When questioned about the suspects in the burglary,she said she was certain that the robber had olive skin and a mustache.In truth,however,he had no facial hair and fair skin.What is the psychological term for this false recollection?

Memories are:

Implicit memory is a subtype of procedural memory.

Which definition BEST describes a retrieval cue?

Without rehearsal,information cannot be stored in short-term memory beyond about 5 seconds.

Professor Lopez always parks his car in the same garage.One morning,however,the garage was full and the professor had to park his car elsewhere.When he parked his car,he took special note of its new location.Nevertheless,that afternoon,Professor Lopez spent a good bit of time wandering around his normal parking garage,confused as to where his car was.The professor was experiencing:

Defence attorneys often protest prosecutors' use of eyewitness testimony because:

A participant studied the following word pairs: reptile-snake,reptile-turtle,reptile-lizard,amphibian-frog,amphibian-salamander,and amphibian-newt.Then the participant practiced recalling only the amphibian-salamander pair using the prompt "reptile-liz_____." Sometime later,the participant was given a memory test of the words he had originally studied.Of these,which word would be MOST likely forgotten?

Charlotte looks up a phone number on the Internet and says the number three times to herself.As she reaches for her phone to dial the number,she is distracted by noise coming from outside her office.When the noise ceases after about 30 seconds,she picks up her phone but finds that she cannot remember the number.This is due to the limits of _____ memory.

The ability to store and retrieve information over time is called:

fMRI scans reveal greater hippocampal activity during true recognition relative to false recognition.

Susie was telling her best friend John about how awesome her summer vacation had been.She told him everything she remembered that happened.What part of memory was Susie using?

In a classic study of false memory conducted by Elizabeth Loftus,research participants were asked to remember the time when they were little and got lost in a shopping mall.Although Loftus confirmed that this never actually happened to any of the participants,the false memory was implanted in about _____% of the participants.

Someone who is shown the word organism and then asked to memorize 50 words subsequently might be more likely to incorrectly report that the word organize was on the list,illustrating the effects of:

Use the following to answer questions : Scenario I The scenario is based on and presents fabricated data consistent with the following study: Barber,S.J. ,Rajaram,S. ,& Fox,E.B.(2012).Learning and remembering with others: The key role of retrieval in shaping group recall and collective memory.Social Cognition,30(1),121-132.doi:10.1521/soco.2012.30.1.121 In a typical experiment on collaborative memory,participants first encode information individually and later attempt to recall the information either individually or in a small group (collaboratively).While the recall of the collaborative group is better than that of any individual,the summed recall of individuals typically is better than the recall of the collaborative group.This is a phenomenon termed collaborative inhibition.Barber,Rajaram,and Fox (2012)investigated this phenomenon during both the encoding and retrieval stages of memory. Participants created sentences out of a word bank,which provided for the opportunity to encode this information.After completing this task,participants engaged in an unrelated task-solving mazes-for 10 minutes.Then,in a surprise memory test,they were asked to recall as many words from the word bank as possible (retrieval). Participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups.In the first group (Alone-Alone),participants were studied individually during both the encoding and retrieval phases of the experiment.In the second group (Alone-Collaborative),participants were studied individually during the encoding phase and as part of a three-member team (triad)during the retrieval phase.In the third group (Collaborative-Alone),participants were studied in a triad during the encoding phase but individually during the retrieval phase.Finally,in the fourth group (Collaborative-Collaborative),participants completed both phases of the experiment as part of a triad. Fabricated results illustrating the major finding of Barber et al.(2012)are presented in Figure 6.1.This figure shows the percentage of words from the word bank accurately recalled as a function of group.For the two groups that experienced the retrieval phase individually,scores represent the summed retrieval of the individuals comprising the group.For the two groups that experienced the retrieval phase as part of a triad,scores simply represent the collaborative performance. Figure 6.1 -(Scenario I)This experiment examined which type of memory?

Collaborative memory refers to: