Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

A researcher is concerned that his expectations about the effectiveness of a new drug are influencing the reports of participants in his studies.Specifically,he believes that this new drug is effective and has shared this information with participants in his research.Now he is wondering if this might be affecting people.In order to better control the effect of his own expectations on participants,this researcher should:

You read about some research that is assessing a new treatment for social phobia (a psychological disorder).Immediately you notice that the research may have been affected by both placebo effects and experimenter expectancy effects.You would now be concerned about which of the following?

The ethical guideline that refers to how participants should be given full descriptions about the procedures involved in a study and told that they are free to withdraw from a study at any time is called ______________.

John Darley and Bibb Latané made the assumption that a diffusion of responsibility reduces the likelihood that any one bystander would feel responsible for helping in an emergency.This assumption is an example of a(n)____________.

With regard to survey research it can be said that it is:

Which of the following goals is best suited to correlational research? To

In an experiment,the variable that is measured by the experimenter is called the ___________ variable.

Random assignment controls important differences between individual participants by ____________.

With regard to the sequence of steps involved in the scientific process,forming hypotheses typically occurs after theory building.

When discussing the concept of replication,the text presents research related to psychics and paranormal abilities.Which of the following best summarizes the current state of this research and the attitude that science should have toward it?

In an experiment,the independent variable is the one that is manipulated by the researcher.

A friend of yours is telling you about the results of a multimillion-dollar government-funded study she heard about on the news last night.She complains that she could have predicted the results of the study before it was done and that here is yet another instance of the government wasting the taxpayers' hard-earned money.Which of the following issues would have the most relevance to the potential accuracy of your friend's complaints? It is the ______________________.

The statistical procedure in which the results from many different studies on the same topic are combined is called a(n)___________.

According to ethical guidelines,deception is justified when there are no other alternatives and the study has potential significant benefits that outweigh the risks of deceiving participants.

The degree to which the results of a study can be generalized to other people,settings,and conditions is called __________.

The range of the correlation coefficient is

Case studies,naturalistic observations,and correlational studies are all similar in that:

When the scores on one variable increase,and the scores on the second variable decrease,this is called a(n)_______________ correlation.

The experiment on driving and cell phone use conducted by Strayer (2003)described in the text had two independent variables.Each independent variable had two levels.How many conditions were there?

The tendency to respond in what is believed to be a socially appropriate manner rather than according to how a person actually thinks,feels,or behaves is called ______________.