Question 1

In an experiment,which of the following is defined as a group that is not exposed to the treatment or that receives a zero-level of the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast 
B)  experimental 
C)  check 
D)  control 
A)  contrast 
B)  experimental 
C)  check 
D)  control

Question 2

One common characteristic of a good theory is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all things being equal,a good theory is simple. 
B)  all things being equal,a good theory is complex. 
C)  it tends NOT to generate new hypotheses. 
D)  it focuses exclusively on independent variables. 
A)  all things being equal,a good theory is simple. 
B)  all things being equal,a good theory is complex. 
C)  it tends NOT to generate new hypotheses. 
D)  it focuses exclusively on independent variables.

Question 3

All other things being equal,a simpler theory is considered to be better than a more complex theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding theories and hypotheses is TRUE? Hypotheses:

Accepted Answer

A)  use independent variables,whereas theories use dependent variables. 
B)  specify lawful relations between behaviours and their causes,whereas theories do not. 
C)  are derived from theories. 
D)  do not use operational theories but theories do. 
A)  use independent variables,whereas theories use dependent variables. 
B)  specify lawful relations between behaviours and their causes,whereas theories do not. 
C)  are derived from theories. 
D)  do not use operational theories but theories do.

Question 5

The experimenter measures whether the manipulation of one variable causes a change in a second variable in ______________ research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The experimenter measures whether the manipulation of...

Question 6

An unobtrusive measure assesses behaviour without participants being aware that they are being observed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an attitude associated with scientific thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  curiosity 
B)  skepticism 
C)  open-mindedness 
D)  intolerance 
A)  curiosity 
B)  skepticism 
C)  open-mindedness 
D)  intolerance

Question 8

If a research study found that career motivation was higher among recent immigrants to America than among Americans,most people could readily offer several reasonable explanations for this finding.However,if the study found that career motivation was higher among Americans than recent immigrants to America,most people could generate an equally convincing set of explanations.This example demonstrates the problems associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  operational definitions. 
B)  hypotheses. 
C)  after-the-fact explanations. 
D)  theoretical predictions. 
A)  operational definitions. 
B)  hypotheses. 
C)  after-the-fact explanations. 
D)  theoretical predictions.

Question 9

The unintentional and subtle ways that experimenters can influence and affect their participants to behave in a manner consistent with the experimental hypotheses is called _____________ ___________ _________.

Accepted Answer

experiment

Question 10

Which of the following was NOT listed as a question that one should ask to facilitate critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Do the studies have strong external validity? 
B)  What is the quality of the evidence? 
C)  What is the most reasonable conclusion to draw? 
D)  What evidence is being presented to support this claim? 
A)  Do the studies have strong external validity? 
B)  What is the quality of the evidence? 
C)  What is the most reasonable conclusion to draw? 
D)  What evidence is being presented to support this claim?

Question 11

One of the essential differences between experimental research and correlational research is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  in experimental research all variables are measured,whereas in correlational research at least one variable is manipulated. 
B)  in experimental research,subjects are randomly assigned to the levels of the independent variable. 
C)  experimental research uses random sampling,whereas correlational research uses random assignment. 
D)  experimental research has higher external validity than correlational research. 
A)  in experimental research all variables are measured,whereas in correlational research at least one variable is manipulated. 
B)  in experimental research,subjects are randomly assigned to the levels of the independent variable. 
C)  experimental research uses random sampling,whereas correlational research uses random assignment. 
D)  experimental research has higher external validity than correlational research.

Question 12

A college advisor wants to know how much TV students in her dorm are watching,but she has noticed that students tend to leave the TV room when she comes in to see who is watching.To get around this problem,she decides to measure wear-and-tear on the TV remote control as a measure of how much TV is being watched.Like many psychologists,this advisor is using a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  unobtrusive measure. 
B)  hypothesis. 
C)  double-blind procedure. 
D)  placebo control group. 
A)  unobtrusive measure. 
B)  hypothesis. 
C)  double-blind procedure. 
D)  placebo control group.

Question 13

An in-depth examination or analysis of a single person,group,or event is called a ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An in-depth examination or analysis of a...

Question 14

Examining the associations between naturally occurring events or variables is the primary goal of _________________ research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examining the associations between naturally occurring events...

Question 15

Which of the following is a formal set of statements that explains why and how certain events are related to one another?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis 
B)  specific prediction 
C)  theory 
D)  operational definition 
A)  hypothesis 
B)  specific prediction 
C)  theory 
D)  operational definition

Question 16

When participants in a study show a change in behaviour not because of the treatment they have received but because of their expectations about that treatment,this is called the ___________ ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When participants in a study show a...

Question 17

Which of the following refers to any characteristic that can vary?

Accepted Answer

A)  operational definition 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  variable 
D)  theory 
A)  operational definition 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  variable 
D)  theory

Question 18

The Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists includes all of the following requirements for psychologists using human subjects EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  protect and promote the welfare of participants 
B)  avoid doing harm to participants 
C)  obtain informed consent 
D)  provide monetary compensation for subjects time and participation 
A)  protect and promote the welfare of participants 
B)  avoid doing harm to participants 
C)  obtain informed consent 
D)  provide monetary compensation for subjects time and participation

Question 19

Random assignment is used to ensure that a sample is representative of the population from which it is drawn.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The statement,"If patients are given Drug X,then they will be less depressed," is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis. 
B)  theory. 
C)  variable. 
D)  operational definition. 
A)  hypothesis. 
B)  theory. 
C)  variable. 
D)  operational definition.

In an experiment,which of the following is defined as a group that is not exposed to the treatment or that receives a zero-level of the independent variable?

One common characteristic of a good theory is that:

All other things being equal,a simpler theory is considered to be better than a more complex theory.

Which of the following statements regarding theories and hypotheses is TRUE? Hypotheses:

The experimenter measures whether the manipulation of one variable causes a change in a second variable in ______________ research.

An unobtrusive measure assesses behaviour without participants being aware that they are being observed.

Which of the following is NOT an attitude associated with scientific thinking?

The unintentional and subtle ways that experimenters can influence and affect their participants to behave in a manner consistent with the experimental hypotheses is called _______ _ _____.

Which of the following was NOT listed as a question that one should ask to facilitate critical thinking?

One of the essential differences between experimental research and correlational research is that:

An in-depth examination or analysis of a single person,group,or event is called a ______________________.

Examining the associations between naturally occurring events or variables is the primary goal of _________________ research.

Which of the following is a formal set of statements that explains why and how certain events are related to one another?

When participants in a study show a change in behaviour not because of the treatment they have received but because of their expectations about that treatment,this is called the _ __.

Which of the following refers to any characteristic that can vary?

The Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists includes all of the following requirements for psychologists using human subjects EXCEPT:

Random assignment is used to ensure that a sample is representative of the population from which it is drawn.

The statement,"If patients are given Drug X,then they will be less depressed," is an example of a(n)

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: Studying Behaviour Scientifically

In an experiment,which of the following is defined as a group that is not exposed to the treatment or that receives a zero-level of the independent variable?

One common characteristic of a good theory is that:

All other things being equal,a simpler theory is considered to be better than a more complex theory.

Which of the following statements regarding theories and hypotheses is TRUE? Hypotheses:

The experimenter measures whether the manipulation of one variable causes a change in a second variable in ______________ research.

An unobtrusive measure assesses behaviour without participants being aware that they are being observed.

Which of the following is NOT an attitude associated with scientific thinking?

The unintentional and subtle ways that experimenters can influence and affect their participants to behave in a manner consistent with the experimental hypotheses is called _____________ ___________ _________.

Which of the following was NOT listed as a question that one should ask to facilitate critical thinking?

One of the essential differences between experimental research and correlational research is that:

An in-depth examination or analysis of a single person,group,or event is called a ______________________.

Examining the associations between naturally occurring events or variables is the primary goal of _________________ research.

Which of the following is a formal set of statements that explains why and how certain events are related to one another?

When participants in a study show a change in behaviour not because of the treatment they have received but because of their expectations about that treatment,this is called the ___________ ____________.

Which of the following refers to any characteristic that can vary?

The Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists includes all of the following requirements for psychologists using human subjects EXCEPT:

Random assignment is used to ensure that a sample is representative of the population from which it is drawn.

The statement,"If patients are given Drug X,then they will be less depressed," is an example of a(n)

Psychology: the Science of Behaviour

Biological Foundations of Behaviour

Genes, Evolution, and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning and Adaptation: the Role of Experience

Memory

Language and Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Development Over the Lifespan

Behaviour in a Social Context

Personality

Stress, Coping, and Health

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

The unintentional and subtle ways that experimenters can influence and affect their participants to behave in a manner consistent with the experimental hypotheses is called _______ _ _____.

When participants in a study show a change in behaviour not because of the treatment they have received but because of their expectations about that treatment,this is called the _ __.