Question 1

The major lipids in cellular membranes are phospholipids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

What is the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) It lowers the activation energy of the reaction. 
B) It is split into individual molecules that are products of the reaction. 
C) It changes the energy content of the reactants. 
D) It generates heat that makes the reaction proceed. 
E) It ensures that the reaction can proceed only in one direction,from reactants to products. 
A) It lowers the activation energy of the reaction. 
B) It is split into individual molecules that are products of the reaction. 
C) It changes the energy content of the reactants. 
D) It generates heat that makes the reaction proceed. 
E) It ensures that the reaction can proceed only in one direction,from reactants to products.

Question 3

How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins with functions inside the cell?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins destined to be secreted have a signal sequence. 
B) Proteins destined to be secreted are synthesized on free ribosomes. 
C) Proteins destined to be secreted are packaged into secretory vesicles in the granular endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Only proteins destined for secretion need transfer RNA to be synthesized. 
E) Genes for proteins with functions inside the cell are located in the cytoplasm. 
A) Proteins destined to be secreted have a signal sequence. 
B) Proteins destined to be secreted are synthesized on free ribosomes. 
C) Proteins destined to be secreted are packaged into secretory vesicles in the granular endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Only proteins destined for secretion need transfer RNA to be synthesized. 
E) Genes for proteins with functions inside the cell are located in the cytoplasm.

Question 4

Glucose is not considered an essential nutrient because it is not essential for good health.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

RNA synthesis from a DNA template:

Accepted Answer

A) is called translation of the message. 
B) requires DNA polymerase. 
C) is called transcription. 
D)  occurs in the nucleolus. 
E)  occurs in the cytoplasm. 
A) is called translation of the message. 
B) requires DNA polymerase. 
C) is called transcription. 
D)  occurs in the nucleolus. 
E)  occurs in the cytoplasm.

Question 6

Which is NOT a feature of the fluid-mosaic model of plasma membranes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Integral membrane proteins are embedded in the membrane. 
B) Phospholipids form a bilayer. 
C) Cholesterol associates with phospholipid molecules. 
D) Carbohydrates are linked to lipids and proteins on the interior surface,forming a glycocalyx layer. 
E) Peripheral membrane proteins associate with polar regions of integral membrane proteins. 
A)  Integral membrane proteins are embedded in the membrane. 
B) Phospholipids form a bilayer. 
C) Cholesterol associates with phospholipid molecules. 
D) Carbohydrates are linked to lipids and proteins on the interior surface,forming a glycocalyx layer. 
E) Peripheral membrane proteins associate with polar regions of integral membrane proteins.

Question 7

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that may or may not be synthesized by the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The cell membrane is composed mainly of:

Accepted Answer

A) cytosol. 
B) phospholipids and proteins. 
C) phospholipids and nucleic acids. 
D) water. 
E) proteins and glycocalyx. 
A) cytosol. 
B) phospholipids and proteins. 
C) phospholipids and nucleic acids. 
D) water. 
E) proteins and glycocalyx.

Question 9

Which is true about the structure and function of a gene?

Accepted Answer

A) It is an uncoiled protein that contains information necessary for the synthesis of other proteins. 
B) It is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that acts as an enzyme to digest proteins. 
C) It is composed of many molecules of DNA and contains information needed to make RNA. 
D) It is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that contains information necessary for the synthesis of proteins. 
A) It is an uncoiled protein that contains information necessary for the synthesis of other proteins. 
B) It is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that acts as an enzyme to digest proteins. 
C) It is composed of many molecules of DNA and contains information needed to make RNA. 
D) It is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that contains information necessary for the synthesis of proteins.

Question 10

Transcription factors activate or repress the transcription of specific genes by binding to regions of DNA that interact with the promoter region of a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the catabolism of H2CO3 to H2O and CO2.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The site where most of the ATP is generated in a cell is the

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus. 
B) plasma membrane. 
C) endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Golgi apparatus. 
E) mitochondria. 
A) nucleus. 
B) plasma membrane. 
C) endoplasmic reticulum. 
D) Golgi apparatus. 
E) mitochondria.

Question 13

Which is the best definition of the term,ligand?

Accepted Answer

A)  a receptor composed of protein 
B)  a molecule or ion that binds to a protein 
C)  any molecule found in the intracellular fluid 
D)  any molecule found in the extracellular fluid 
E)  a carbohydrate molecule that binds weakly to membrane phospholipids 
A)  a receptor composed of protein 
B)  a molecule or ion that binds to a protein 
C)  any molecule found in the intracellular fluid 
D)  any molecule found in the extracellular fluid 
E)  a carbohydrate molecule that binds weakly to membrane phospholipids

Question 14

The rate-limiting reaction in a metabolic pathway is one that occurs at a faster rate than the other steps in the pathway.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What is a genome?

Accepted Answer

A) a cluster of genes that are all regulated in the same manner 
B) a measure of the genetic variability in a population 
C) a region of DNA that codes for a single protein 
D) all of the protein in a cell at a given point in time 
E) the total genetic information in a typical cell of an organism 
A) a cluster of genes that are all regulated in the same manner 
B) a measure of the genetic variability in a population 
C) a region of DNA that codes for a single protein 
D) all of the protein in a cell at a given point in time 
E) the total genetic information in a typical cell of an organism

Question 16

Which is TRUE about glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) It does not occur in the absence ofO2. 
B) It does not occur in the presence of O2. 
C) It may result in the formation of two molecules of lactate for each molecule of glucose. 
D) It is a series of metabolic reactions that occur mainly inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 
E) It is a metabolic reaction in which glucose is manufactured from large carbohydrates like glycogen. 
A) It does not occur in the absence ofO2. 
B) It does not occur in the presence of O2. 
C) It may result in the formation of two molecules of lactate for each molecule of glucose. 
D) It is a series of metabolic reactions that occur mainly inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 
E) It is a metabolic reaction in which glucose is manufactured from large carbohydrates like glycogen.

Question 17

Any given protein contains binding sites for only one kind of ligand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide 
B) ATP 
C)  pyruvate 
D) NADH 
A)  carbon dioxide 
B) ATP 
C)  pyruvate 
D) NADH

Question 19

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy:

Accepted Answer

A) the side chain must be removed. 
B) the carboxyl group must be removed. 
C)  it must be converted to NAD+. 
D) the amino group must be removed. 
E) it must be phosphorylated. 
A) the side chain must be removed. 
B) the carboxyl group must be removed. 
C)  it must be converted to NAD+. 
D) the amino group must be removed. 
E) it must be phosphorylated.

Question 20

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A) sorting of proteins destined for various locations in the cell 
B) modifying proteins destined for secretion 
C) packaging enzymes destined for lysosomes 
D) addition of carbohydrate groups to proteins 
E) transcribing a signal sequence onto proteins destined for secretion 
A) sorting of proteins destined for various locations in the cell 
B) modifying proteins destined for secretion 
C) packaging enzymes destined for lysosomes 
D) addition of carbohydrate groups to proteins 
E) transcribing a signal sequence onto proteins destined for secretion

The major lipids in cellular membranes are phospholipids.

What is the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins with functions inside the cell?

Glucose is not considered an essential nutrient because it is not essential for good health.

RNA synthesis from a DNA template:

Which is NOT a feature of the fluid-mosaic model of plasma membranes.

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that may or may not be synthesized by the body.

The cell membrane is composed mainly of:

Which is true about the structure and function of a gene?

Transcription factors activate or repress the transcription of specific genes by binding to regions of DNA that interact with the promoter region of a gene.

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the catabolism of H₂CO₃ to H₂O and CO₂.

The site where most of the ATP is generated in a cell is the

Which is the best definition of the term,ligand?

The rate-limiting reaction in a metabolic pathway is one that occurs at a faster rate than the other steps in the pathway.

What is a genome?

Which is TRUE about glycolysis?

Any given protein contains binding sites for only one kind of ligand.

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy:

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters

Exam 3: Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

The major lipids in cellular membranes are phospholipids.

What is the function of a catalyst in a chemical reaction?

How does the synthesis of proteins that are destined to be secreted differ from that of proteins with functions inside the cell?

Glucose is not considered an essential nutrient because it is not essential for good health.

RNA synthesis from a DNA template:

Which is NOT a feature of the fluid-mosaic model of plasma membranes.

An essential nutrient is one necessary for good health that may or may not be synthesized by the body.

The cell membrane is composed mainly of:

Which is true about the structure and function of a gene?

Transcription factors activate or repress the transcription of specific genes by binding to regions of DNA that interact with the promoter region of a gene.

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the catabolism of H2CO3 to H2O and CO2.

The site where most of the ATP is generated in a cell is the

Which is the best definition of the term,ligand?

The rate-limiting reaction in a metabolic pathway is one that occurs at a faster rate than the other steps in the pathway.

What is a genome?

Which is TRUE about glycolysis?

Any given protein contains binding sites for only one kind of ligand.

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Before an amino acid can be broken down for energy:

Which is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters

The enzyme carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the catabolism of H₂CO₃ to H₂O and CO₂.