Question 1

At equilibrium,in an irreversible reaction:

Accepted Answer

A) almost all of the reactants will have been converted to products. 
B) there will be an equal number of products and reactants. 
C) there will be very few molecules of product. 
D) small amounts of energy will have been released. 
E) large amounts of energy must have been input to reach that state. 
A) almost all of the reactants will have been converted to products. 
B) there will be an equal number of products and reactants. 
C) there will be very few molecules of product. 
D) small amounts of energy will have been released. 
E) large amounts of energy must have been input to reach that state.

Question 2

Human beings can synthesize all twenty amino acids the body must have.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of water 
B)  2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of lactate,and 2 ATP 
C) 2 molecules of pyruvate and 36 molecules of ATP 
D) 2 molecules of ATP,2 molecules of water,and 2 molecules of lactate 
E) 2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of water,and 2 NADH 
A) 2 molecules of NADH and 2 molecules of water 
B)  2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of lactate,and 2 ATP 
C) 2 molecules of pyruvate and 36 molecules of ATP 
D) 2 molecules of ATP,2 molecules of water,and 2 molecules of lactate 
E) 2 molecules of pyruvate,2 molecules of water,and 2 NADH

Question 4

Chromosomes are composed mainly of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Glucose cannot be synthesized from fatty acids because the reaction converting pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A is not reversible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In skeletal muscle,when calcium binds to the regulatory protein troponin,it increases the affinity of neighboring troponin molecules for calcium.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) allosteric modulation. 
B) cooperativity. 
C) covalent modulation. 
D) phosphorylation. 
E) saturation. 
A) allosteric modulation. 
B) cooperativity. 
C) covalent modulation. 
D) phosphorylation. 
E) saturation.

Question 7

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?

Accepted Answer

A) It refers to the cellular components of bone. 
B) It refers to a network of cytoplasmic filaments. 
C) It is important for cellular movement. 
D) It helps to determine a cell's shape. 
E) It includes actin filaments. 
A) It refers to the cellular components of bone. 
B) It refers to a network of cytoplasmic filaments. 
C) It is important for cellular movement. 
D) It helps to determine a cell's shape. 
E) It includes actin filaments.

Question 8

One function of integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane of cells is to form channels to allow passage of nonpolar solutes into the cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What feature of phospholipids allows them to interact with aqueous cytosol and extracellular fluid,while still presenting a barrier to hydrophilic substances?

Accepted Answer

A) They are polar molecules. 
B)  They are nonpolar molecules. 
C) They are lipids. 
D) They are extremely rigid molecules. 
E) They are amphipathic molecules. 
A) They are polar molecules. 
B)  They are nonpolar molecules. 
C) They are lipids. 
D) They are extremely rigid molecules. 
E) They are amphipathic molecules.

Question 10

ATP is

Accepted Answer

A) a nucleotide. 
B) a lipid. 
C) an amino acid. 
D) a carbohydrate. 
E) a steroid. 
A) a nucleotide. 
B) a lipid. 
C) an amino acid. 
D) a carbohydrate. 
E) a steroid.

Question 11

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A) modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and storing calcium ions 
B) digestion of engulfed bacteria and using oxygen to generate ATP 
C) synthesizing lipids and intracellular storage of calcium ions 
D) modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles 
E) modifying proteins synthesized on ribosomes associated with granular endoplasmic reticulum and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles 
A) modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and storing calcium ions 
B) digestion of engulfed bacteria and using oxygen to generate ATP 
C) synthesizing lipids and intracellular storage of calcium ions 
D) modifying proteins synthesized on free ribosomes and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles 
E) modifying proteins synthesized on ribosomes associated with granular endoplasmic reticulum and allowing the distribution of modified proteins throughout the cell in vesicles

Question 12

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Ammonia is

Accepted Answer

A) a waste product of fatty acid metabolism. 
B) exhaled by the lungs into the air. 
C) processed by the liver to form urea,a less toxic compound. 
D) a waste product of fatty acid metabolism and is excreted by the kidneys into urine. 
E) a polypeptide containing many amino acids. 
A) a waste product of fatty acid metabolism. 
B) exhaled by the lungs into the air. 
C) processed by the liver to form urea,a less toxic compound. 
D) a waste product of fatty acid metabolism and is excreted by the kidneys into urine. 
E) a polypeptide containing many amino acids.

Question 14

The term "metabolism:"

Accepted Answer

A) is synonymous with the term "catabolism." 
B) is synonymous with the term "anabolism." 
C) refers to any chemical reaction that involves the production of energy. 
D) is defined as the covalent modification and activation of a protein with binding sites for organic molecules. 
E) refers to the synthesis and breakdown of organic molecules involved in cell structure and function. 
A) is synonymous with the term "catabolism." 
B) is synonymous with the term "anabolism." 
C) refers to any chemical reaction that involves the production of energy. 
D) is defined as the covalent modification and activation of a protein with binding sites for organic molecules. 
E) refers to the synthesis and breakdown of organic molecules involved in cell structure and function.

Question 15

Which is NOT true about a binding site on a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) It is an area of the protein with a shape complementary to that of a ligand. 
B) It is determined by the amino acid sequence of the protein. 
C) The binding of a ligand to a binding site typically changes the conformation of the protein. 
D) There can only be one binding site on a given protein. 
E) Binding of a ligand to the binding site typically activates or inactivates a protein's specific function. 
A) It is an area of the protein with a shape complementary to that of a ligand. 
B) It is determined by the amino acid sequence of the protein. 
C) The binding of a ligand to a binding site typically changes the conformation of the protein. 
D) There can only be one binding site on a given protein. 
E) Binding of a ligand to the binding site typically activates or inactivates a protein's specific function.

Question 16

Which describes the action of a ligand's competitive antagonist?

Accepted Answer

A) It decreases the amount of ligand required to activate the protein. 
B) It blocks the binding of the ligand to its binding site and prevents activation of the protein. 
C) It binds to a different binding site on the protein,altering the protein shape so that a ligand cannot bind. 
D) When present,it increases the binding of a ligand to its receptor. 
A) It decreases the amount of ligand required to activate the protein. 
B) It blocks the binding of the ligand to its binding site and prevents activation of the protein. 
C) It binds to a different binding site on the protein,altering the protein shape so that a ligand cannot bind. 
D) When present,it increases the binding of a ligand to its receptor.

Question 17

Which is a series of reactions by which fatty acid catabolism occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) lipogenesis 
C) beta-oxidation 
D) glycogenolysis 
E) phosphorylation 
A) glycolysis 
B) lipogenesis 
C) beta-oxidation 
D) glycogenolysis 
E) phosphorylation

Question 18

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In Tay Sach's disease,lysosomes do not function normally.Predict which condition would be a symptom of Tay Sach's disease.

Accepted Answer

A) There is excessive accumulation of damaged organelles in a cell. 
B) Cells are unable to synthesize proteins. 
C) Cells can only make ATP by glycolysis. 
D) Proteins cannot be secreted by exocytosis. 
E) Steroid hormones can't be produced. 
A) There is excessive accumulation of damaged organelles in a cell. 
B) Cells are unable to synthesize proteins. 
C) Cells can only make ATP by glycolysis. 
D) Proteins cannot be secreted by exocytosis. 
E) Steroid hormones can't be produced.

Question 20

In the absence of oxygen,cells can derive energy to form ATP from the metabolism of fatty acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

At equilibrium,in an irreversible reaction:

Human beings can synthesize all twenty amino acids the body must have.

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Chromosomes are composed mainly of DNA.

Glucose cannot be synthesized from fatty acids because the reaction converting pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A is not reversible.

In skeletal muscle,when calcium binds to the regulatory protein troponin,it increases the affinity of neighboring troponin molecules for calcium.This is an example of

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?

One function of integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane of cells is to form channels to allow passage of nonpolar solutes into the cell.

What feature of phospholipids allows them to interact with aqueous cytosol and extracellular fluid,while still presenting a barrier to hydrophilic substances?

ATP is

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytoplasm.

Ammonia is

The term "metabolism:"

Which is NOT true about a binding site on a protein?

Which describes the action of a ligand's competitive antagonist?

Which is a series of reactions by which fatty acid catabolism occurs?

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

In Tay Sach's disease,lysosomes do not function normally.Predict which condition would be a symptom of Tay Sach's disease.

In the absence of oxygen,cells can derive energy to form ATP from the metabolism of fatty acids.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

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Exam 3: Cellular Structure, Proteins, and Metabolism

At equilibrium,in an irreversible reaction:

Human beings can synthesize all twenty amino acids the body must have.

What are the products of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

Chromosomes are composed mainly of DNA.

Glucose cannot be synthesized from fatty acids because the reaction converting pyruvic acid to acetyl coenzyme A is not reversible.

In skeletal muscle,when calcium binds to the regulatory protein troponin,it increases the affinity of neighboring troponin molecules for calcium.This is an example of

Which of the following is not true of the cytoskeleton?

One function of integral membrane proteins in the plasma membrane of cells is to form channels to allow passage of nonpolar solutes into the cell.

What feature of phospholipids allows them to interact with aqueous cytosol and extracellular fluid,while still presenting a barrier to hydrophilic substances?

ATP is

Which of these are functions of the Golgi apparatus?

Intracellular fluid is defined as the fluid in the cytoplasm.

Ammonia is

The term "metabolism:"

Which is NOT true about a binding site on a protein?

Which describes the action of a ligand's competitive antagonist?

Which is a series of reactions by which fatty acid catabolism occurs?

An important function of coenzymes is to act as carriers to transport hydrogen atoms.

In Tay Sach's disease,lysosomes do not function normally.Predict which condition would be a symptom of Tay Sach's disease.

In the absence of oxygen,cells can derive energy to form ATP from the metabolism of fatty acids.

Homeostasis: a Framework for Human Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Movement of Molecules Across Cell Membranes

Control of Cells by Chemical Messengers

Neuronal Signaling and the Structure of the Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Consciousness, the Brain, and Behavior

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

Cardiovascular Physiology

Respiratory Physiology

The Kidneys and Regulation of Water and Inorganic Ions

The Digestion and Absorption of Food

Regulation of Organic Metabolism and Energy Balance

Reproduction

Defense Mechanisms of the Body

Medical Physiology: Integration Using Clinical Cases

Filters