Question 1

Neurotransmitters

Accepted Answer

A) stimulate presynaptic terminals. 
B) remain in the synaptic cleft for long periods of time. 
C) bind irreversibly to the receptor molecules of the postsynaptic membrane. 
D) cause the production of action potentials in the postsynaptic membrane. 
E) do not affect membrane channels in the postsynaptic membrane. 
A) stimulate presynaptic terminals. 
B) remain in the synaptic cleft for long periods of time. 
C) bind irreversibly to the receptor molecules of the postsynaptic membrane. 
D) cause the production of action potentials in the postsynaptic membrane. 
E) do not affect membrane channels in the postsynaptic membrane.

Question 2

Which of the following situations occurs in electrically excitable cells?

Accepted Answer

A) When Na+ ion channels open,K+ ion channels close. 
B) The sodium-potassium exchange pump moves sodium into the cell. 
C) Depolarization causes voltage-gated sodium ion channels to open. 
D) Ligand-gated sodium ion channels are opened by high extracellular calcium levels. 
E) Proteins tend to diffuse out of the cell. 
A) When Na+ ion channels open,K+ ion channels close. 
B) The sodium-potassium exchange pump moves sodium into the cell. 
C) Depolarization causes voltage-gated sodium ion channels to open. 
D) Ligand-gated sodium ion channels are opened by high extracellular calcium levels. 
E) Proteins tend to diffuse out of the cell.

Question 3

Match the term with the correct definition.
-repolarization

Accepted Answer

A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential 
A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential

Question 4

The junction between two neurons is a

Accepted Answer

A) ganglia. 
B) synapse. 
C) fascicle. 
D) node of Ranvier. 
E) neuromuscular junction. 
A) ganglia. 
B) synapse. 
C) fascicle. 
D) node of Ranvier. 
E) neuromuscular junction.

Question 5

The enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the

Accepted Answer

A) brain. 
B) spinal cord. 
C) digestive tract. 
D) urinary bladder. 
A) brain. 
B) spinal cord. 
C) digestive tract. 
D) urinary bladder.

Question 6

A change in the resting membrane potential has the following characteristics (non-propagated,graded,can summate).This type of change can

Accepted Answer

A) be a local potential. 
B) be an action potential. 
C) be a consequence of an increase in the permeability to Na+. 
D) result in repolarization. 
E) be a local potential and a consequence of an increase in the permeability to Na+. 
A) be a local potential. 
B) be an action potential. 
C) be a consequence of an increase in the permeability to Na+. 
D) result in repolarization. 
E) be a local potential and a consequence of an increase in the permeability to Na+.

Question 7

A neuron that conducts pain sensations to the central nervous system would be classified as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) motor neuron. 
B) sensory or afferent neuron. 
C) efferent neuron. 
D) association neuron. 
E) interneuron. 
A) motor neuron. 
B) sensory or afferent neuron. 
C) efferent neuron. 
D) association neuron. 
E) interneuron.

Question 8

A local potential

Accepted Answer

A) does not occur until threshold. 
B) transmits information from one cell to another. 
C) might be a depolarization event but cannot be a hyperpolarization event. 
D) increases or decreases in direct proportion to the stimulus strength. 
E) does not alter resting membrane potential. 
A) does not occur until threshold. 
B) transmits information from one cell to another. 
C) might be a depolarization event but cannot be a hyperpolarization event. 
D) increases or decreases in direct proportion to the stimulus strength. 
E) does not alter resting membrane potential.

Question 9

Action potentials at a chemical synapse

Accepted Answer

A) travel from presynaptic terminal to postsynaptic membrane. 
B) travel from postsynaptic membrane to presynaptic terminal. 
C) travel back and forth from presynaptic terminal to postsynaptic membrane. 
D) travel from presynaptic terminal to presynaptic membrane. 
E) stop at the presynaptic terminal and are regenerated on the postsynaptic membrane. 
A) travel from presynaptic terminal to postsynaptic membrane. 
B) travel from postsynaptic membrane to presynaptic terminal. 
C) travel back and forth from presynaptic terminal to postsynaptic membrane. 
D) travel from presynaptic terminal to presynaptic membrane. 
E) stop at the presynaptic terminal and are regenerated on the postsynaptic membrane.

Question 10

A neuron within the central nervous system that carries action potentials from one neuron to another is called a(n)____________.

Accepted Answer

A) motor neuron 
B) sensory neuron 
C) afferent neuron 
D) efferent neuron 
E) interneuron 
A) motor neuron 
B) sensory neuron 
C) afferent neuron 
D) efferent neuron 
E) interneuron

Question 11

A local anesthetic such as Novocaine decreases membrane permeability to Na+ ions.The use of this anesthetic will

Accepted Answer

A) block sensory input into the CNS. 
B) enhance the development of EPSPs. 
C) cause RMP to move closer to threshold. 
D) cause Cl- ions to enter cells instead of Na+ ions. 
E) depolarize the cell. 
A) block sensory input into the CNS. 
B) enhance the development of EPSPs. 
C) cause RMP to move closer to threshold. 
D) cause Cl- ions to enter cells instead of Na+ ions. 
E) depolarize the cell.

Question 12

Nerve fibers are also called ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nerve fibers are also called ____________....

Question 13

Match the term with the correct definition.
-Action Potential

Accepted Answer

A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential 
A) a small change in the resting membrane potential confined to a small area 
B) a charge difference across the plasma membrane when the cell is in an unstimulated state 
C) a larger change in resting membrane potential that spreads over entire surface of a cell 
D) membrane becomes more positive when sodium ions diffuse into cell 
E) return to the resting membrane potential

Question 14

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow)of

Accepted Answer

A) potassium ions. 
B) chloride ions. 
C) calcium ions. 
D) sodium ions. 
E) proteins. 
A) potassium ions. 
B) chloride ions. 
C) calcium ions. 
D) sodium ions. 
E) proteins.

Question 15

Suppose both excitatory and inhibitory neurons synapse with a single postsynaptic neuron.What determines if an action potential is initiated in the postsynaptic neuron?

Accepted Answer

A) the kind of neuron involved 
B) the size of the neuron involved 
C) whether the neuron is myelinated or non-myelinated 
D) the number of EPSPs in relation to the number of IPSPs 
E) This situation is not possible in humans. 
A) the kind of neuron involved 
B) the size of the neuron involved 
C) whether the neuron is myelinated or non-myelinated 
D) the number of EPSPs in relation to the number of IPSPs 
E) This situation is not possible in humans.

Question 16

Local hyperpolarization in a synapse is called a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) excitatory postsynaptic potential. 
B) resting membrane potential. 
C) inhibitory postsynaptic potential. 
D) gap junction potential. 
E) action potential. 
A) excitatory postsynaptic potential. 
B) resting membrane potential. 
C) inhibitory postsynaptic potential. 
D) gap junction potential. 
E) action potential.

Question 17

Axons contain

Accepted Answer

A) the trigger zone. 
B) foot processes. 
C) Nissl bodies. 
D) the soma. 
E) the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 
A) the trigger zone. 
B) foot processes. 
C) Nissl bodies. 
D) the soma. 
E) the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 18

There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _____ pairs of spinal nerves.

Accepted Answer

A) 10; 30 
B) 31; 12 
C) 12; 31 
D) 30; 10 
E) 12; 32 
A) 10; 30 
B) 31; 12 
C) 12; 31 
D) 30; 10 
E) 12; 32

Question 19

-Identify structure "A" on the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) Schwann cell 
B) Node of Ranvier 
C) neuron cell body (soma) 
D) dendrites 
E) axon 
A) Schwann cell 
B) Node of Ranvier 
C) neuron cell body (soma) 
D) dendrites 
E) axon

Question 20

The motor (efferent)division of the peripheral nervous system

Accepted Answer

A) is a division of the CNS. 
B) regulates the digestion of food. 
C) transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle. 
D) has nerve cell bodies located in ganglia near the spinal cord and brain. 
E) detects a stimulus. 
A) is a division of the CNS. 
B) regulates the digestion of food. 
C) transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscle. 
D) has nerve cell bodies located in ganglia near the spinal cord and brain. 
E) detects a stimulus.

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Neurotransmitters

Which of the following situations occurs in electrically excitable cells?

Match the term with the correct definition. -repolarization

The junction between two neurons is a

The enteric nervous system consists of plexuses within the walls of the

A change in the resting membrane potential has the following characteristics (non-propagated,graded,can summate).This type of change can

A neuron that conducts pain sensations to the central nervous system would be classified as a(n)

A local potential

Action potentials at a chemical synapse

A neuron within the central nervous system that carries action potentials from one neuron to another is called a(n)____________.

A local anesthetic such as Novocaine decreases membrane permeability to Na+ ions.The use of this anesthetic will

Nerve fibers are also called ____________.

Match the term with the correct definition. -Action Potential

Depolarization of the nerve cell membrane occurs when there is a rapid influx (inflow)of

Suppose both excitatory and inhibitory neurons synapse with a single postsynaptic neuron.What determines if an action potential is initiated in the postsynaptic neuron?

Local hyperpolarization in a synapse is called a(an)

Axons contain

There are _____ pairs of cranial nerves and _____ pairs of spinal nerves.

-Identify structure "A" on the neuron.

The motor (efferent)division of the peripheral nervous system

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

Filters

There are _ pairs of cranial nerves and _ pairs of spinal nerves.