Question 1

A connective tissue sheath around cartilage is the

Accepted Answer

A) periosteum. 
B) ligament. 
C) endosteum. 
D) epiphyseal line. 
E) perichondrium. 
A) periosteum. 
B) ligament. 
C) endosteum. 
D) epiphyseal line. 
E) perichondrium. E

Question 2

The flat bones of the skull develop from

Accepted Answer

A) fibrous connective tissue. 
B) fibrocartilage. 
C) compact bone. 
D) hyaline cartilage. 
E) areolar tissue. 
A) fibrous connective tissue. 
B) fibrocartilage. 
C) compact bone. 
D) hyaline cartilage. 
E) areolar tissue. A

Question 3

The stem cells of osteoclasts are

Accepted Answer

A) osteocytes. 
B) chondrocytes. 
C) monocytes. 
D) osteochondral progenitor cells. 
E) osteoclasts. 
A) osteocytes. 
B) chondrocytes. 
C) monocytes. 
D) osteochondral progenitor cells. 
E) osteoclasts. C

Question 4

Interconnecting rods of bone are

Accepted Answer

A) periosteum. 
B) trabeculae. 
C) lamellae. 
D) canaliculi. 
E) lacunae. 
A) periosteum. 
B) trabeculae. 
C) lamellae. 
D) canaliculi. 
E) lacunae.

Question 5

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

Accepted Answer

A) osteocyte. 
B) chondrocyte. 
C) osteoblast. 
D) osteoclast. 
E) chondroblast. 
A) osteocyte. 
B) chondrocyte. 
C) osteoblast. 
D) osteoclast. 
E) chondroblast.

Question 6

What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?

Accepted Answer

A) growth hormone 
B) vitamin D 
C) sex hormones 
D) calcitonin 
E) parathyroid hormone 
A) growth hormone 
B) vitamin D 
C) sex hormones 
D) calcitonin 
E) parathyroid hormone

Question 7

Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress,replaces old bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone.

Accepted Answer

A)  bone reabsorption 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  appositional bone growth 
D)  bone remodeling 
A)  bone reabsorption 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  appositional bone growth 
D)  bone remodeling

Question 8

In which type of bone would osteons be present?

Accepted Answer

A) compact bone 
B) spongy bone 
C) both spongy and compact 
A) compact bone 
B) spongy bone 
C) both spongy and compact

Question 9

Which of the following membranes covers the surface of a mature bone?

Accepted Answer

A) perichondrium 
B) perimysium 
C) periosteum 
D) peritendineum 
E) peritoneum 
A) perichondrium 
B) perimysium 
C) periosteum 
D) peritendineum 
E) peritoneum

Question 10

Peter receives a blow to the front of the knee on the soccer field and collapses.The bruised bone is the ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Peter receives a blow to the front...

Question 11

Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed

Accepted Answer

A) hydroxyapatite. 
B) proteoglycans. 
C) collagen. 
D) osteoblasts. 
E) calcium. 
A) hydroxyapatite. 
B) proteoglycans. 
C) collagen. 
D) osteoblasts. 
E) calcium.

Question 12

What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) osteochondral progenitor cells 
B) chondrocytes 
C) osteoblasts 
D) osteocytes 
E) osteoclasts 
A) osteochondral progenitor cells 
B) chondrocytes 
C) osteoblasts 
D) osteocytes 
E) osteoclasts

Question 13

Small channels extending through the bone matrix are

Accepted Answer

A) lacunae. 
B) lamellae. 
C) canaliculi. 
D) periosteum. 
E) trabeculae. 
A) lacunae. 
B) lamellae. 
C) canaliculi. 
D) periosteum. 
E) trabeculae.

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?

Accepted Answer

A) When blood calcium levels are too low,osteoclast activity increases. 
B) Parathyroid hormone increases calcium loss from the kidney. 
C) Increased osteoblast activity increases blood calcium levels. 
D) Calcitonin elevates blood calcium levels. 
E) Parathyroid hormone inhibits osteoclast activity. 
A) When blood calcium levels are too low,osteoclast activity increases. 
B) Parathyroid hormone increases calcium loss from the kidney. 
C) Increased osteoblast activity increases blood calcium levels. 
D) Calcitonin elevates blood calcium levels. 
E) Parathyroid hormone inhibits osteoclast activity.

Question 15

Osteomyelitis is

Accepted Answer

A) a disease in adults,especially women,characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix. 
B) a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion. 
C) a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development. 
D) a disease in children characterized by soft,bowed,and swollen bones. 
E) bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection. 
A) a disease in adults,especially women,characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix. 
B) a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion. 
C) a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development. 
D) a disease in children characterized by soft,bowed,and swollen bones. 
E) bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection.

Question 16

The radiologist informs Mathew that his fracture has not penetrated the skin,meaning Mathew has a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) composite fracture. 
B) open fracture. 
C) irregular fracture. 
D) complicated fracture. 
E) closed fracture. 
A) composite fracture. 
B) open fracture. 
C) irregular fracture. 
D) complicated fracture. 
E) closed fracture.

Question 17

Bone remodeling may occur

Accepted Answer

A) as bones grow. 
B) as bones adjust to stress. 
C) as fractures heal. 
D) constantly during a person's lifetime. 
E) All of these choices are correct. 
A) as bones grow. 
B) as bones adjust to stress. 
C) as fractures heal. 
D) constantly during a person's lifetime. 
E) All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Accepted Answer

A) lamellae. 
B) lacunae. 
C) trabeculae. 
D) periosteum. 
E) canaliculi. 
A) lamellae. 
B) lacunae. 
C) trabeculae. 
D) periosteum. 
E) canaliculi.

Question 19

Osteomyelitis causes destruction of bone tissue primarily by

Accepted Answer

A)  promoting inflammation and overstimulation of osteoclast activity. 
B)  inhibiting bone marrow production of osteoclasts. 
C)  suppressing the production of RANKL by osteoblasts. 
D)  stimulating apoptosis in osteoclast cells. 
A)  promoting inflammation and overstimulation of osteoclast activity. 
B)  inhibiting bone marrow production of osteoclasts. 
C)  suppressing the production of RANKL by osteoblasts. 
D)  stimulating apoptosis in osteoclast cells.

Question 20

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)causes

Accepted Answer

A) increased RANKL and decreased OPG. 
B) PTH has no effect on RANKL and OPG. 
C) increased RANKL and increased OPG. 
D) decreased RANKL and decreased OPG. 
E) decreased RANKL and increased OPG. 
A) increased RANKL and decreased OPG. 
B) PTH has no effect on RANKL and OPG. 
C) increased RANKL and increased OPG. 
D) decreased RANKL and decreased OPG. 
E) decreased RANKL and increased OPG.

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

A connective tissue sheath around cartilage is the

The flat bones of the skull develop from

The stem cells of osteoclasts are

Interconnecting rods of bone are

The cell type that is responsible for maintaining bone once it has been formed is the

What chemical causes an increase in the blood calcium level?

Name the process which changes the shapes of bones to adjust to bone stress,replaces old bone matrix and facilitates the repair of broken bone.

In which type of bone would osteons be present?

Which of the following membranes covers the surface of a mature bone?

Peter receives a blow to the front of the knee on the soccer field and collapses.The bruised bone is the ___________.

Osteogenesis imperfecta can be caused by abnormally formed

What are the maintenance cells in bone tissue?

Small channels extending through the bone matrix are

Which of the following statements regarding calcium homeostasis is true?

Osteomyelitis is

The radiologist informs Mathew that his fracture has not penetrated the skin,meaning Mathew has a(an)

Bone remodeling may occur

Thin sheets of bone matrix are

Osteomyelitis causes destruction of bone tissue primarily by

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)causes

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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