Question 1

A neuromodulator

Accepted Answer

A) acts as a neurotransmitter. 
B) inactivates neurotransmitters. 
C) is a receptor site for a neurotransmitter. 
D) has no influence on the amount of neurotransmitter released. 
E) is a substance released from neurons that influences the sensitivity of neurons to neurotransmitters. 
A) acts as a neurotransmitter. 
B) inactivates neurotransmitters. 
C) is a receptor site for a neurotransmitter. 
D) has no influence on the amount of neurotransmitter released. 
E) is a substance released from neurons that influences the sensitivity of neurons to neurotransmitters.

Question 2

Arrange the events of synaptic transmission in correct sequence. (1)sodium ions diffuse into the cell and cause a local potential
(2)neurotransmitter binds with receptor on postsynaptic cell
(3)neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft
(4)membrane permeability to sodium ions on postsynaptic cell increases
(5)action potential causes release of neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A) 5,2,3,4,1 
B) 5,2,3,1,4 
C) 5,3,4,1,2 
D) 5,4,3,2,1 
E) 5,3,2,4,1 
A) 5,2,3,4,1 
B) 5,2,3,1,4 
C) 5,3,4,1,2 
D) 5,4,3,2,1 
E) 5,3,2,4,1

Question 3

The plasma membrane of a neuron is more permeable to potassium ions because

Accepted Answer

A) of its positive electrical charge. 
B) there are more leak ion channels for K+ than Na+. 
C) protein molecules cannot exit through the cell membrane. 
D) calcium ions block Na+ and Cl- channels. 
E) there are more leak ion channels for Na+ than K+. 
A) of its positive electrical charge. 
B) there are more leak ion channels for K+ than Na+. 
C) protein molecules cannot exit through the cell membrane. 
D) calcium ions block Na+ and Cl- channels. 
E) there are more leak ion channels for Na+ than K+.

Question 4

Why isn't an action potential transmitted from a postsynaptic membrane to a presynaptic terminal?

Accepted Answer

A) Presynaptic terminals have no acetylcholine receptors. 
B) Presynaptic neurons do not have a resting membrane potential. 
C) Acetylcholine can only diffuse in one direction across the synaptic cleft. 
D) Synaptic vesicles in the postsynaptic membrane are inactive. 
E) Acetylcholine is destroyed too fast. 
A) Presynaptic terminals have no acetylcholine receptors. 
B) Presynaptic neurons do not have a resting membrane potential. 
C) Acetylcholine can only diffuse in one direction across the synaptic cleft. 
D) Synaptic vesicles in the postsynaptic membrane are inactive. 
E) Acetylcholine is destroyed too fast.

Question 5

The opening of more and more Na+ ion channels during depolarization

Accepted Answer

A) is the result of the sodium-potassium exchange pump. 
B) is an example of a positive feedback cycle. 
C) is possible only if K+ channels remain closed. 
D) is the cause of the afterpotential. 
E) is an example of a negative feedback cycle. 
A) is the result of the sodium-potassium exchange pump. 
B) is an example of a positive feedback cycle. 
C) is possible only if K+ channels remain closed. 
D) is the cause of the afterpotential. 
E) is an example of a negative feedback cycle.

Question 6

Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called

Accepted Answer

A) internodes. 
B) tight junctions. 
C) neurofilaments. 
D) nodes of Ranvier. 
E) gap junctions. 
A) internodes. 
B) tight junctions. 
C) neurofilaments. 
D) nodes of Ranvier. 
E) gap junctions.

Question 7

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse.What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A) postsynaptic membrane 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) synaptic vesicle 
D) voltage-gated calcium channel 
E) presynaptic terminal 
A) postsynaptic membrane 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) synaptic vesicle 
D) voltage-gated calcium channel 
E) presynaptic terminal

Question 8

If the charge difference across the plasma membrane is decreased,

Accepted Answer

A) the potential difference across the plasma membrane does not change. 
B) the membrane potential is more positive. 
C) the change is called hyperpolarization. 
D) negative proteins can leave the cell. 
E) the membrane potential is more negative. 
A) the potential difference across the plasma membrane does not change. 
B) the membrane potential is more positive. 
C) the change is called hyperpolarization. 
D) negative proteins can leave the cell. 
E) the membrane potential is more negative.

Question 9

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-large molecules trapped inside cell

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels 
A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels

Question 10

The same neurotransmitter binds to a postsynaptic cell but produces a variety of different effects.What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The postsynaptic cell is expressing different types of receptors for the same neurotransmitter. 
B)  The strength of the neurotransmitter varies. 
C)  The amount of neurotransmitter released produces varying effects. 
D)  The size of the postsynaptic cell makes a difference in neurotransmitter effects. 
E)  The neuron must be dying. 
A)  The postsynaptic cell is expressing different types of receptors for the same neurotransmitter. 
B)  The strength of the neurotransmitter varies. 
C)  The amount of neurotransmitter released produces varying effects. 
D)  The size of the postsynaptic cell makes a difference in neurotransmitter effects. 
E)  The neuron must be dying.

Question 11

-The figure illustrates the Action Potential.What does "A" represent?

Accepted Answer

A) repolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) local potential 
D) threshold 
E) afterpotential 
A) repolarization 
B) depolarization 
C) local potential 
D) threshold 
E) afterpotential

Question 12

Neurons that have a single axon and a single dendrite are

Accepted Answer

A) tripolar. 
B) bipolar. 
C) multipolar. 
D) pseudo-unipolar. 
A) tripolar. 
B) bipolar. 
C) multipolar. 
D) pseudo-unipolar.

Question 13

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane.
-requires ATP

Accepted Answer

A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels 
A) concentration of potassium 
B) concentration of sodium and chloride 
C) negatively charged proteins 
D) sodium/potassium pump 
E) plasma membrane is more permeable to this ion because of leak ion channels

Question 14

Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

Accepted Answer

A) ganglia. 
B) Schwann cells. 
C) the motor division. 
D) the sensory division. 
E) nerves. 
A) ganglia. 
B) Schwann cells. 
C) the motor division. 
D) the sensory division. 
E) nerves.

Question 15

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse.What does "B" represent?

Accepted Answer

A) postsynaptic membrane 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) synaptic vesicle 
D) voltage-gated calcium channel 
E) presynaptic terminal 
A) postsynaptic membrane 
B) synaptic cleft 
C) synaptic vesicle 
D) voltage-gated calcium channel 
E) presynaptic terminal

Question 16

Mr.Miller has been hospitalized for the flu.The flu virus increases membrane permeability to potassium.You would expect his cells to

Accepted Answer

A) depolarize. 
B) repolarize. 
C) isopolarize. 
D) hyperpolarize. 
E) hypopolarize. 
A) depolarize. 
B) repolarize. 
C) isopolarize. 
D) hyperpolarize. 
E) hypopolarize.

Question 17

-Identify structure "B" on the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) Schwann cell 
B) Node of Ranvier 
C) neuron cell body (soma) 
D) dendrites 
E) axon 
A) Schwann cell 
B) Node of Ranvier 
C) neuron cell body (soma) 
D) dendrites 
E) axon

Question 18

The absolute refractory period ends when

Accepted Answer

A) inactivation gates of voltage-gated Na+ ion channels reopen. 
B) activation gates of voltage-gates Na+ ion channels reopen. 
C) the sodium-potassium exchange pump stops. 
D) voltage-gated K+ channels open. 
E) None of these choices is correct. 
A) inactivation gates of voltage-gated Na+ ion channels reopen. 
B) activation gates of voltage-gates Na+ ion channels reopen. 
C) the sodium-potassium exchange pump stops. 
D) voltage-gated K+ channels open. 
E) None of these choices is correct.

Question 19

Neurons in the skin that are responsible for detecting pain are

Accepted Answer

A) apolar. 
B) pseudo-unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) multipolar. 
A) apolar. 
B) pseudo-unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) multipolar.

Question 20

Clusters of gray matter deep within the brain are called

Accepted Answer

A) cortices. 
B) nerves. 
C) ganglia. 
D) nuclei. 
A) cortices. 
B) nerves. 
C) ganglia. 
D) nuclei.

Exam 11: Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

A neuromodulator

The plasma membrane of a neuron is more permeable to potassium ions because

Why isn't an action potential transmitted from a postsynaptic membrane to a presynaptic terminal?

The opening of more and more Na+ ion channels during depolarization

Gaps or interruptions in the myelin sheath are called

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse.What does "A" represent?

If the charge difference across the plasma membrane is decreased,

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -large molecules trapped inside cell

The same neurotransmitter binds to a postsynaptic cell but produces a variety of different effects.What does this mean?

-The figure illustrates the Action Potential.What does "A" represent?

Neurons that have a single axon and a single dendrite are

Match the following concerning concentration differences across the plasma membrane. -requires ATP

Cell bodies of the peripheral nervous system are located in

-The figure is a process figure of the chemical synapse.What does "B" represent?

Mr.Miller has been hospitalized for the flu.The flu virus increases membrane permeability to potassium.You would expect his cells to

-Identify structure "B" on the neuron.

The absolute refractory period ends when

Neurons in the skin that are responsible for detecting pain are

Clusters of gray matter deep within the brain are called

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

Filters