Question 1

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

Accepted Answer

A) bone matrix. 
B) blood. 
C) fibrous cartilage. 
D) hyaline cartilage. 
E) ligaments. 
A) bone matrix. 
B) blood. 
C) fibrous cartilage. 
D) hyaline cartilage. 
E) ligaments.

Question 2

The primary mineral in bone is

Accepted Answer

A) iron. 
B) sodium. 
C) potassium. 
D) calcium. 
E) oxygen. 
A) iron. 
B) sodium. 
C) potassium. 
D) calcium. 
E) oxygen.

Question 3

Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

Accepted Answer

A) osteochondral progenitor cell 
B) osteoclasts 
C) osteoblasts 
D) osteocytes 
A) osteochondral progenitor cell 
B) osteoclasts 
C) osteoblasts 
D) osteocytes

Question 4

Chondroblasts produce

Accepted Answer

A) ligaments. 
B) blood cells. 
C) bone tissue. 
D) cartilage matrix. 
E) synovial fluid. 
A) ligaments. 
B) blood cells. 
C) bone tissue. 
D) cartilage matrix. 
E) synovial fluid.

Question 5

When blood calcium levels are low

Accepted Answer

A) ostoclast activity increases. 
B) calcitonin secretion increases. 
C) bones produce more bone tissue. 
D) calcium absorption is reduced. 
E) osteoblast activity increases. 
A) ostoclast activity increases. 
B) calcitonin secretion increases. 
C) bones produce more bone tissue. 
D) calcium absorption is reduced. 
E) osteoblast activity increases.

Question 6

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?

Accepted Answer

A) growth plate 
B) epiphysis 
C) Sharpey fibers 
D) medullary cavity 
E) endosteum 
A) growth plate 
B) epiphysis 
C) Sharpey fibers 
D) medullary cavity 
E) endosteum

Question 7

The type of lamellae found in osteons (Haversian systems)is

Accepted Answer

A) circumferential. 
B) interstitial. 
C) appositional. 
D) concentric. 
E) oppositional. 
A) circumferential. 
B) interstitial. 
C) appositional. 
D) concentric. 
E) oppositional.

Question 8

Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

Accepted Answer

A) osteocytes 
B) osteoblasts 
C) osteoclasts 
D) osteochondral progenitor cell 
A) osteocytes 
B) osteoblasts 
C) osteoclasts 
D) osteochondral progenitor cell

Question 9

Miguel falls out of a tree and breaks his fall by putting his arm out,fracturing his radius and ulna.What specific type of bone fracture is Miguel most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

A)  dentate fracture 
B)  impaction fracture 
C)  spiral fracture 
D)  complicated fracture 
E)  none of these 
A)  dentate fracture 
B)  impaction fracture 
C)  spiral fracture 
D)  complicated fracture 
E)  none of these

Question 10

An example of a long bone would be

Accepted Answer

A) the sternum. 
B) the tibia. 
C) a rib. 
D) the clavicle. 
E) a carpal bone. 
A) the sternum. 
B) the tibia. 
C) a rib. 
D) the clavicle. 
E) a carpal bone.

Question 11

Define basic multicellular unit (BMU).

Accepted Answer

A)  The clusters of chondrocytes within the metaphysis that will be converted to bone 
B)  A group of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that work together during bone remodeling 
C)  The osteoblasts found in the deepest layer of the periosteum,involved in appositional growth 
A)  The clusters of chondrocytes within the metaphysis that will be converted to bone 
B)  A group of osteoblasts and osteoclasts that work together during bone remodeling 
C)  The osteoblasts found in the deepest layer of the periosteum,involved in appositional growth

Question 12

What is the site of longitudinal growth in long bones?

Accepted Answer

A) epiphyseal plate 
B) epiphysis 
C) medullary cavity 
D) Sharpey's fibers 
E) endosteum 
A) epiphyseal plate 
B) epiphysis 
C) medullary cavity 
D) Sharpey's fibers 
E) endosteum

Question 13

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A) osteocytes 
B) osteoblasts 
C) osteoclasts 
D) osteochondral progenitor cell 
A) osteocytes 
B) osteoblasts 
C) osteoclasts 
D) osteochondral progenitor cell

Question 14

Bone growth of the epiphysis occurs at the

Accepted Answer

A) diaphysis. 
B) joint cavity. 
C) epiphyseal plate. 
D) perichondrium. 
E) articular cartilage. 
A) diaphysis. 
B) joint cavity. 
C) epiphyseal plate. 
D) perichondrium. 
E) articular cartilage.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Accepted Answer

A) increased Ca2+ uptake by the small intestine 
B) increased vitamin D formation in the kidneys 
C) increased Ca2+ reabsorption by the kidneys 
D) decreased Ca2+ loss by the kidneys 
E) All of these are effects of PTH. 
A) increased Ca2+ uptake by the small intestine 
B) increased vitamin D formation in the kidneys 
C) increased Ca2+ reabsorption by the kidneys 
D) decreased Ca2+ loss by the kidneys 
E) All of these are effects of PTH.

Question 16

Brittle bone disorder is another name for

Accepted Answer

A) scurvy. 
B) osteomyelitis. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) osteomalacia. 
E) osteogenesis imperfecta. 
A) scurvy. 
B) osteomyelitis. 
C) osteoporosis. 
D) osteomalacia. 
E) osteogenesis imperfecta.

Question 17

What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased osteoclast activity 
B)  increased osteoblast activity 
A)  increased osteoclast activity 
B)  increased osteoblast activity

Question 18

Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood calcium is elevated. 
B) Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix. 
C) Ca2+ is actively transported from bone matrix to the blood. 
D) The protein components of bone matrix are digested. 
E) Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans. 
A) Blood calcium is elevated. 
B) Hydrogen ions form an acid environment in bone matrix. 
C) Ca2+ is actively transported from bone matrix to the blood. 
D) The protein components of bone matrix are digested. 
E) Osteoblasts form collagen and proteoglycans.

Question 19

A bone fracture in which the two bone sections do not separate is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A) closed fracture. 
B) hairline fracture. 
C) open fracture. 
D) impaction fracture. 
E) comminuted fracture. 
A) closed fracture. 
B) hairline fracture. 
C) open fracture. 
D) impaction fracture. 
E) comminuted fracture.

Question 20

The processes of intramembranous and endochondral ossification are similar in several respects.Which of the following statements applies to both intramembranous and endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

A) Both processes require a precursor of connective tissue membranes. 
B) Both processes form woven bone. 
C) Both only form flat bones. 
D) Chondrocytes participate in both processes. 
E) In both processes,bone replaces cartilage. 
A) Both processes require a precursor of connective tissue membranes. 
B) Both processes form woven bone. 
C) Both only form flat bones. 
D) Chondrocytes participate in both processes. 
E) In both processes,bone replaces cartilage.

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Collagen and calcium hydroxyapatite are the primary constituents of

The primary mineral in bone is

Which type of bone cells package calcium and phosphate ions?

Chondroblasts produce

When blood calcium levels are low

What strengthens the attachment of the tendons or ligaments to bone?

The type of lamellae found in osteons (Haversian systems)is

Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

Miguel falls out of a tree and breaks his fall by putting his arm out,fracturing his radius and ulna.What specific type of bone fracture is Miguel most likely to have?

An example of a long bone would be

Define basic multicellular unit (BMU).

What is the site of longitudinal growth in long bones?

Which type of bone cells possess extensive ER and ribosomes?

Bone growth of the epiphysis occurs at the

Which of the following is NOT an effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Brittle bone disorder is another name for

What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone?

Which of the following occurs in the formation of mineralized bone matrix?

A bone fracture in which the two bone sections do not separate is a(an)

The processes of intramembranous and endochondral ossification are similar in several respects.Which of the following statements applies to both intramembranous and endochondral ossification?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition,metabolism,and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water,electrolyte,and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development,growth,aging,and Genetics

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