Exam 8: Introduction-To-Design

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Narrative 8-1: The Reality Show Two groups are competing on a television reality show to determine which can lose the most weight.Every week,the groups have a special competition to determine which group will get extra help,in the form of exercise training,dietary counseling,or other skills development. -​The Green Team has won nine weeks in a row,and the Blue Team is angry and wonders what the point is in continuing to try.This is classified as ____.

(Multiple Choice)
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​Issues of cause and effect are closely related to choices of experimental design.

(True/False)
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​What social threat to internal validity occurs because a comparison group learns about the program either directly or indirectly from program group participants?

(Multiple Choice)
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  ​ Figure TB 8-7 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure? ​ Figure TB 8-7 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure?

(Multiple Choice)
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​When some event other than your program occurs at the same time and affects the outcome,there is a(n)_______________ threat to internal validity.

(Essay)
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  ​ Figure TB 8-8 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure? ​ Figure TB 8-8 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure?

(Multiple Choice)
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If there is not random assignment,but there is a control group and/or multiple measures,a research study can be said to be a(n)_______________.​

(Essay)
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​Any factor that leads to differences between the groups at the start of the study is termed a(n)____ threat.

(Multiple Choice)
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​The threat to validity that occurs as a result of a natural development that occurs between pre- and post- measurement is called a(n)____ threat.

(Multiple Choice)
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  ​ Figure TB 8-9 -​The notation in the accompanying figure indicates a(n)_______________. ​ Figure TB 8-9 -​The notation in the accompanying figure indicates a(n)_______________.

(Essay)
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​A(n)_______________ threat is any factor that leads to differences between the groups at the start of the study.

(Essay)
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​Pat notices that when thunder can be heard in the distance,her dog,Rudy hides under her desk,and she believes that the thunder causes Rudy to hide.In experimental terms,the thunder has ____ to the hiding.

(Multiple Choice)
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​Richard has developed an intervention that he believes will improve the parenting skills of teenage fathers.He has observers rate the behavior of the fathers when their infants are less than one month old,provides the young men with parenting education,and then has the observers rate the interaction of the fathers and infants again when the babies are about six months old.One of the measures Richard is using is the amount of eye contact maintained between the fathers and infants.He recognizes,however,that between one and six months of age,infants gain in both their ability to control head movement and in visual skills.This is best described as a(n)____ threat.

(Multiple Choice)
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​If plausible alternative explanations have been ruled out,a study can be said to have established ____.

(Multiple Choice)
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​In design notation,the letter R stands for random assignment.

(True/False)
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  Figure TB 8-3 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure? Figure TB 8-3 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure?

(Multiple Choice)
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Random assignment and random selection are the same thing.

(True/False)
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​What is compensatory rivalry? Illustrate with an example.

(Essay)
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​Mike has developed an intervention for social anxiety.He recruits individuals from a local clinic who have extremely high levels of social anxiety as measured by a standardized test.After the intervention,their average score is closer to the population mean on the social anxiety test.While Mike would love to assume that his intervention has been effective,he is also aware that there is a(n)____ threat.

(Multiple Choice)
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​    Figure TB 8-1 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure? Figure TB 8-1 -​What type of design is shown in the accompanying figure?

(Multiple Choice)
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