Question 1

Which of the following is most likely to decrease group cohesiveness?

Accepted Answer

A)  threats from within the group 
B)  commitment to the group cause 
C)  high costs associated with leaving the group 
D)  a dangerous environment 
A)  threats from within the group 
B)  commitment to the group cause 
C)  high costs associated with leaving the group 
D)  a dangerous environment

Question 2

What is biased sampling in groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  the process whereby people tend to choose those they know well to be in a group 
B)  the process whereby information that is known by many group members tends to enter into the discussion more than information known only by a few 
C)  the process whereby people tend to discuss negative information more than positive information in their discussion about an important decision 
D)  the process whereby sharing information in a group can be impeded by the gender composition of the group 
A)  the process whereby people tend to choose those they know well to be in a group 
B)  the process whereby information that is known by many group members tends to enter into the discussion more than information known only by a few 
C)  the process whereby people tend to discuss negative information more than positive information in their discussion about an important decision 
D)  the process whereby sharing information in a group can be impeded by the gender composition of the group

Question 3

Two competing companies are hooked up to the Internet through the same wiring.Each has the capacity to sever the connection,which would reduce the ability of both companies to communicate via e-mail with their clients,and thus impede their work.According to research on dilemmas,which of the following is most likely to happen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both companies will be negatively affected if they are unaware of their ability to sever the connection. 
B)  Both companies will probably each sever the connection,leading to the worst outcome for both companies. 
C)  Both companies could be affected more negatively if only one company could sever the connection. 
D)  Both companies are likely to form committees to decide how to proceed. 
A)  Both companies will be negatively affected if they are unaware of their ability to sever the connection. 
B)  Both companies will probably each sever the connection,leading to the worst outcome for both companies. 
C)  Both companies could be affected more negatively if only one company could sever the connection. 
D)  Both companies are likely to form committees to decide how to proceed.

Question 4

What effect will facilitation of the dominant response from increased arousal tend to have?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will make easy tasks easier,but difficult tasks more challenging. 
B)  It will make both easy and difficult tasks easier. 
C)  It will have no effect on easy tasks,but will make difficult tasks more challenging. 
D)  It will have no effect on challenging tasks,but will make easy tasks easier. 
A)  It will make easy tasks easier,but difficult tasks more challenging. 
B)  It will make both easy and difficult tasks easier. 
C)  It will have no effect on easy tasks,but will make difficult tasks more challenging. 
D)  It will have no effect on challenging tasks,but will make easy tasks easier.

Question 5

What do psychologists call the condition in which commitments to a failing course of action are increased to justify investments already made?

Accepted Answer

A)  the lost cause effect 
B)  the escalation effect 
C)  the loss justification effect 
D)  the polarization effect 
A)  the lost cause effect 
B)  the escalation effect 
C)  the loss justification effect 
D)  the polarization effect

Question 6

What are group roles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group roles are the rules of conduct for group members. 
B)  Group roles are the forces that keep groups together. 
C)  Group roles are the set of expected tasks for group members. 
D)  Group roles are the titles assigned to different group members. 
A)  Group roles are the rules of conduct for group members. 
B)  Group roles are the forces that keep groups together. 
C)  Group roles are the set of expected tasks for group members. 
D)  Group roles are the titles assigned to different group members.

Question 7

According to the collective effort model,in which of the following conditions is social loafing most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  when people see the group outcome as personally important 
B)  when people believe the group outcome is important to other group members 
C)  when people believe that their efforts will lead to the desired outcome 
D)  when people feel that their input will not compensate for social loafing by others 
A)  when people see the group outcome as personally important 
B)  when people believe the group outcome is important to other group members 
C)  when people believe that their efforts will lead to the desired outcome 
D)  when people feel that their input will not compensate for social loafing by others

Question 8

According to the textbook,which of the following reasons is the most important influence on why people join groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  to be free from social threat 
B)  to fulfill the need to belong 
C)  to reduce superordinate identities 
D)  to reduce interactions with disliked others 
A)  to be free from social threat 
B)  to fulfill the need to belong 
C)  to reduce superordinate identities 
D)  to reduce interactions with disliked others

Question 9

Coach Valentine does not think that his team is playing up to its full potential.What should the coach do to increase the performance of the team?

Accepted Answer

A)  build the team's confidence by setting goals that are not challenging and are easy to attain 
B)  urge each team member to try to do his best 
C)  set specific,challenging,and reachable goals for the team 
D)  avoid giving the team any particular goals to minimize the pressure on the team 
A)  build the team's confidence by setting goals that are not challenging and are easy to attain 
B)  urge each team member to try to do his best 
C)  set specific,challenging,and reachable goals for the team 
D)  avoid giving the team any particular goals to minimize the pressure on the team

Question 10

Which of the following is an informational social influence explanation for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  mindless conformity 
B)  persuasive arguments 
C)  social comparisons 
D)  biased samplings 
A)  mindless conformity 
B)  persuasive arguments 
C)  social comparisons 
D)  biased samplings

Question 11

Explain how the presence of others affects performance on easy and hard tasks,and give three explanations to account for these effects.

Accepted Answer

The presence of others facilitates perfo

Question 12

What effect does being in a group have on setting goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Groups tend to set less ambitious goals than individuals. 
B)  Groups tend to set more ambitious goals than individuals. 
C)  Groups are more likely than individuals to set goals for disjunctive tasks,but not conjunctive tasks. 
D)  Groups are more likely than individuals to set goals for conjunctive tasks,but not disjunctive tasks. 
A)  Groups tend to set less ambitious goals than individuals. 
B)  Groups tend to set more ambitious goals than individuals. 
C)  Groups are more likely than individuals to set goals for disjunctive tasks,but not conjunctive tasks. 
D)  Groups are more likely than individuals to set goals for conjunctive tasks,but not disjunctive tasks.

Question 13

In her group,Melanie is always the one who breaks the tension with a funny story and provides a shoulder to cry on when things go wrong.Which role is she playing?

Accepted Answer

A)  an expressive role 
B)  a facilitator role 
C)  an instrumental role 
D)  a normative role 
A)  an expressive role 
B)  a facilitator role 
C)  an instrumental role 
D)  a normative role

Question 14

Why is the prisoner's dilemma difficult?

Accepted Answer

A)  because one player's outcome depends on what the other person decides to do 
B)  because competition on one trial may provoke the other player not to cooperate in the future 
C)  because cooperation decreases as the number of players increases 
D)  because a single player's best possible outcome occurs when both players cooperate 
A)  because one player's outcome depends on what the other person decides to do 
B)  because competition on one trial may provoke the other player not to cooperate in the future 
C)  because cooperation decreases as the number of players increases 
D)  because a single player's best possible outcome occurs when both players cooperate

Question 15

Though the new mentoring program doesn't seem to be working very well,Principal McVickers argues that the school should continue to invest in it because they have already committed so many resources to it.What does this example illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing 
B)  groupthink 
C)  the escalation effect 
D)  the loss justification effect 
A)  social loafing 
B)  groupthink 
C)  the escalation effect 
D)  the loss justification effect

Question 16

Bart hopes to employ the GRIT strategy with his opponent,Harry.In order for the strategy to work,which of the following is necessary?

Accepted Answer

A)  Harry must like Bart. 
B)  Harry must have a cooperative orientation. 
C)  Bart must retaliate equally if Harry acts competitively. 
D)  Bart must carry out an initiative only after the previous one has been reciprocated. 
A)  Harry must like Bart. 
B)  Harry must have a cooperative orientation. 
C)  Bart must retaliate equally if Harry acts competitively. 
D)  Bart must carry out an initiative only after the previous one has been reciprocated.

Question 17

Which of the following is least likely to exacerbate conflict between groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to carry out a threat against the other side 
B)  a mismatch in the perceptions each side has of the other 
C)  dehumanization of individuals on the other side 
D)  holding the other side to a different standard 
A)  the ability to carry out a threat against the other side 
B)  a mismatch in the perceptions each side has of the other 
C)  dehumanization of individuals on the other side 
D)  holding the other side to a different standard

Question 18

Which of the following does the collective effort model proposed by Karau and Williams (1993)help to explain?

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization effects 
B)  social facilitation 
C)  social loafing 
D)  deindividuation 
A)  group polarization effects 
B)  social facilitation 
C)  social loafing 
D)  deindividuation

Question 19

An employee is working with a group of co-workers to finish a project at work.In which of the following cases will the employee be most likely to engage in social loafing?

Accepted Answer

A)  if the employee is high in need for cognition 
B)  if the employee is from an individualist culture 
C)  if the employee perceives the project outcome to be personally important 
D)  if the employee is female 
A)  if the employee is high in need for cognition 
B)  if the employee is from an individualist culture 
C)  if the employee perceives the project outcome to be personally important 
D)  if the employee is female

Question 20

Five students move into a house together and discover they share the odd habit of drinking milk with ice in it every night before bed.They own several ice trays and make a pact to always refill the trays when they are emptied so that the supply of ice will never run out.But the five often do not have the time or energy to refill the trays,and after a few weeks it becomes quite common for them to meet in the kitchen and discover that they have no ice.What type of dilemma does this situation illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a prisoner's dilemma 
B)  a normative dilemma 
C)  a tit-for-tat dilemma 
D)  a resource dilemma 
A)  a prisoner's dilemma 
B)  a normative dilemma 
C)  a tit-for-tat dilemma 
D)  a resource dilemma

Which of the following is most likely to decrease group cohesiveness?

What is biased sampling in groups?

What effect will facilitation of the dominant response from increased arousal tend to have?

What do psychologists call the condition in which commitments to a failing course of action are increased to justify investments already made?

What are group roles?

According to the collective effort model,in which of the following conditions is social loafing most likely?

According to the textbook,which of the following reasons is the most important influence on why people join groups?

Coach Valentine does not think that his team is playing up to its full potential.What should the coach do to increase the performance of the team?

Which of the following is an informational social influence explanation for group polarization?

Explain how the presence of others affects performance on easy and hard tasks,and give three explanations to account for these effects.

What effect does being in a group have on setting goals?

In her group,Melanie is always the one who breaks the tension with a funny story and provides a shoulder to cry on when things go wrong.Which role is she playing?

Why is the prisoner's dilemma difficult?

Though the new mentoring program doesn't seem to be working very well,Principal McVickers argues that the school should continue to invest in it because they have already committed so many resources to it.What does this example illustrate?

Bart hopes to employ the GRIT strategy with his opponent,Harry.In order for the strategy to work,which of the following is necessary?

Which of the following is least likely to exacerbate conflict between groups?

Which of the following does the collective effort model proposed by Karau and Williams (1993)help to explain?

An employee is working with a group of co-workers to finish a project at work.In which of the following cases will the employee be most likely to engage in social loafing?

Introduction

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes,prejudice,and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Health

Filters

Exam 8: Group Processes

Which of the following is most likely to decrease group cohesiveness?

What is biased sampling in groups?

What effect will facilitation of the dominant response from increased arousal tend to have?

What do psychologists call the condition in which commitments to a failing course of action are increased to justify investments already made?

What are group roles?

According to the collective effort model,in which of the following conditions is social loafing most likely?

According to the textbook,which of the following reasons is the most important influence on why people join groups?

Coach Valentine does not think that his team is playing up to its full potential.What should the coach do to increase the performance of the team?

Which of the following is an informational social influence explanation for group polarization?

Explain how the presence of others affects performance on easy and hard tasks,and give three explanations to account for these effects.

What effect does being in a group have on setting goals?

In her group,Melanie is always the one who breaks the tension with a funny story and provides a shoulder to cry on when things go wrong.Which role is she playing?

Why is the prisoner's dilemma difficult?

Though the new mentoring program doesn't seem to be working very well,Principal McVickers argues that the school should continue to invest in it because they have already committed so many resources to it.What does this example illustrate?

Bart hopes to employ the GRIT strategy with his opponent,Harry.In order for the strategy to work,which of the following is necessary?

Which of the following is least likely to exacerbate conflict between groups?

Which of the following does the collective effort model proposed by Karau and Williams (1993)help to explain?

An employee is working with a group of co-workers to finish a project at work.In which of the following cases will the employee be most likely to engage in social loafing?

Introduction

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes,prejudice,and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Health

Filters