Question 1

On which of the following types of tasks do groups tend to outperform individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  additive tasks 
B)  disjunctive tasks 
C)  conjunctive tasks 
D)  communal tasks 
A)  additive tasks 
B)  disjunctive tasks 
C)  conjunctive tasks 
D)  communal tasks

Question 2

Myers and Bishop (1970)set up groups of relatively prejudiced and unprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues concerning racial attitudes,both before and after discussion of these issues.Following the group discussions,what was the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both groups became more prejudiced. 
B)  Both groups became less prejudiced. 
C)  Those who were relatively unprejudiced became less prejudiced and those who were relatively prejudiced became more prejudiced. 
D)  Those who were relatively unprejudiced became more prejudiced and those who were relatively prejudiced became less prejudiced. 
A)  Both groups became more prejudiced. 
B)  Both groups became less prejudiced. 
C)  Those who were relatively unprejudiced became less prejudiced and those who were relatively prejudiced became more prejudiced. 
D)  Those who were relatively unprejudiced became more prejudiced and those who were relatively prejudiced became less prejudiced.

Question 3

Which of the following appears to increase the effectiveness of group brainstorming?

Accepted Answer

A)  production blocking during brainstorming 
B)  electronic brainstorming 
C)  evaluation brainstorming 
D)  performance matching prior to brainstorming 
A)  production blocking during brainstorming 
B)  electronic brainstorming 
C)  evaluation brainstorming 
D)  performance matching prior to brainstorming

Question 4

What do psychologists call the extent to which group members think,act,and feel like a single entity?

Accepted Answer

A)  social integration 
B)  social facilitation 
C)  need for affiliation 
D)  groupthink 
A)  social integration 
B)  social facilitation 
C)  need for affiliation 
D)  groupthink

Question 5

Deborah has just joined a sorority.She is unsure what she should wear when she goes to eat at the sorority's dining hall.What is Deborah uncertain about?

Accepted Answer

A)  the informal role 
B)  the formal role 
C)  the informal norm 
D)  the formal norm 
A)  the informal role 
B)  the formal role 
C)  the informal norm 
D)  the formal norm

Question 6

Which of the following is one of the essential components of groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  rules 
B)  norms 
C)  collectivism 
D)  status 
A)  rules 
B)  norms 
C)  collectivism 
D)  status

Question 7

In discussing which of several job applicants to invite for an interview,the hiring committee discusses only information known to all committee members.What is the name for this practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  biased sampling 
B)  production blocking 
C)  social compensation 
D)  the risky shift 
A)  biased sampling 
B)  production blocking 
C)  social compensation 
D)  the risky shift

Question 8

In which of the following cases is groupthink most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  when groups have systematic decision-making procedures 
B)  if the group lacks a strong directive leader 
C)  in low-stress situations 
D)  in highly cohesive groups 
A)  when groups have systematic decision-making procedures 
B)  if the group lacks a strong directive leader 
C)  in low-stress situations 
D)  in highly cohesive groups

Question 9

Social loafing is usually reduced when people believe which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  that their contribution to the group project is anonymous 
B)  that others will join them in working on a project 
C)  that their efforts are necessary for a successful outcome 
D)  that the task will be easy 
A)  that their contribution to the group project is anonymous 
B)  that others will join them in working on a project 
C)  that their efforts are necessary for a successful outcome 
D)  that the task will be easy

Question 10

Describe how being in a crowd can lead people to engage in destructive behaviours.

Accepted Answer

Being in a crowd can cause people to los

Question 11

According to Janis,what is the most important behavioural symptom of groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  an illusion of similarity 
B)  a tendency to cautiously support decisions 
C)  a tendency toward self-censorship 
D)  pessimism about what might happen 
A)  an illusion of similarity 
B)  a tendency to cautiously support decisions 
C)  a tendency toward self-censorship 
D)  pessimism about what might happen

Question 12

Hans and Fred are young men who grew up in Toronto.Hans goes to the University of Toronto to major in biology.Fred,who is two years younger,still lives at home,but hopes to one day major in psychology.Which of the following is presently a superordinate identity for the cousins?

Accepted Answer

A)  resident of Toronto 
B)  university student 
C)  psychologist 
D)  scientist 
A)  resident of Toronto 
B)  university student 
C)  psychologist 
D)  scientist

Question 13

When groups exhibit groupthink,which of the following tends to characterize their decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  an examination of the risks associated with their preferred course of action 
B)  an exhaustive survey of group goals and objectives 
C)  a comprehensive contingency plan should their preferred course of action fail 
D)  a selective bias in processing of the information relevant to their decision 
A)  an examination of the risks associated with their preferred course of action 
B)  an exhaustive survey of group goals and objectives 
C)  a comprehensive contingency plan should their preferred course of action fail 
D)  a selective bias in processing of the information relevant to their decision

Question 14

Which of the following characteristics of groups contribute to groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  having several different ingroup orientations 
B)  having several different group leaders 
C)  group size 
D)  group stress 
A)  having several different ingroup orientations 
B)  having several different group leaders 
C)  group size 
D)  group stress

Question 15

The leaders of a certain country believe that,because they can punish anyone who disagrees with their policies,residents will not dare to challenge those policies.These leaders thus believe in the efficacy of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing 
B)  social comparison 
C)  entrapment 
D)  threat capacity 
A)  social loafing 
B)  social comparison 
C)  entrapment 
D)  threat capacity

Question 16

Which of the following combinations of factors would produce the most biased decision?

Accepted Answer

A)  a non-directive leader and an isolated group 
B)  a directive leader and a cohesive certainty-oriented group 
C)  a directive leader and a very diverse group 
D)  a non-directive leader and a group under stress 
A)  a non-directive leader and an isolated group 
B)  a directive leader and a cohesive certainty-oriented group 
C)  a directive leader and a very diverse group 
D)  a non-directive leader and a group under stress

Question 17

What did Ringelmann's research in the 1880s demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  People exert less effort in simple group tasks than they would if working alone. 
B)  The presence of other people improves performance on simple group tasks. 
C)  Groups tend to make more extreme decisions than individuals. 
D)  Individual performance is impaired by the distraction of an audience. 
A)  People exert less effort in simple group tasks than they would if working alone. 
B)  The presence of other people improves performance on simple group tasks. 
C)  Groups tend to make more extreme decisions than individuals. 
D)  Individual performance is impaired by the distraction of an audience.

Question 18

What do psychologists call the tendency for the presence of other people to increase performance on easy tasks and impair performance on difficult tasks?

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing 
B)  social facilitation 
C)  group polarization 
D)  groupthink 
A)  social loafing 
B)  social facilitation 
C)  group polarization 
D)  groupthink

Question 19

Vladimir,a basketball novice,makes about 70 percent of his free throws when practising alone.However,when playing with his friends,he only makes about 50 percent of his free throws.What is the most likely cause of this decrease?

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation 
B)  deindividuation 
C)  group polarization 
D)  groupthink 
A)  social facilitation 
B)  deindividuation 
C)  group polarization 
D)  groupthink

Question 20

In which of the following scenarios is productivity likely to be highest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Daphne isn't quite sure what her role in the group is. 
B)  Frank must play both an instrumental and an expressive role in the group. 
C)  Amanda's role in the group seems to be constantly changing. 
D)  Pierre assumes a clearly defined instrumental role in the group. 
A)  Daphne isn't quite sure what her role in the group is. 
B)  Frank must play both an instrumental and an expressive role in the group. 
C)  Amanda's role in the group seems to be constantly changing. 
D)  Pierre assumes a clearly defined instrumental role in the group.

On which of the following types of tasks do groups tend to outperform individuals?

Myers and Bishop (1970)set up groups of relatively prejudiced and unprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues concerning racial attitudes,both before and after discussion of these issues.Following the group discussions,what was the result?

Which of the following appears to increase the effectiveness of group brainstorming?

What do psychologists call the extent to which group members think,act,and feel like a single entity?

Deborah has just joined a sorority.She is unsure what she should wear when she goes to eat at the sorority's dining hall.What is Deborah uncertain about?

Which of the following is one of the essential components of groups?

In discussing which of several job applicants to invite for an interview,the hiring committee discusses only information known to all committee members.What is the name for this practice?

In which of the following cases is groupthink most likely to occur?

Social loafing is usually reduced when people believe which of the following?

Describe how being in a crowd can lead people to engage in destructive behaviours.

According to Janis,what is the most important behavioural symptom of groupthink?

Hans and Fred are young men who grew up in Toronto.Hans goes to the University of Toronto to major in biology.Fred,who is two years younger,still lives at home,but hopes to one day major in psychology.Which of the following is presently a superordinate identity for the cousins?

When groups exhibit groupthink,which of the following tends to characterize their decisions?

Which of the following characteristics of groups contribute to groupthink?

The leaders of a certain country believe that,because they can punish anyone who disagrees with their policies,residents will not dare to challenge those policies.These leaders thus believe in the efficacy of which of the following?

Which of the following combinations of factors would produce the most biased decision?

What did Ringelmann's research in the 1880s demonstrate?

What do psychologists call the tendency for the presence of other people to increase performance on easy tasks and impair performance on difficult tasks?

Vladimir,a basketball novice,makes about 70 percent of his free throws when practising alone.However,when playing with his friends,he only makes about 50 percent of his free throws.What is the most likely cause of this decrease?

In which of the following scenarios is productivity likely to be highest?

Introduction

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes,prejudice,and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Health

Filters

Exam 8: Group Processes

On which of the following types of tasks do groups tend to outperform individuals?

Myers and Bishop (1970)set up groups of relatively prejudiced and unprejudiced high school students and asked them to respond to issues concerning racial attitudes,both before and after discussion of these issues.Following the group discussions,what was the result?

Which of the following appears to increase the effectiveness of group brainstorming?

What do psychologists call the extent to which group members think,act,and feel like a single entity?

Deborah has just joined a sorority.She is unsure what she should wear when she goes to eat at the sorority's dining hall.What is Deborah uncertain about?

Which of the following is one of the essential components of groups?

In discussing which of several job applicants to invite for an interview,the hiring committee discusses only information known to all committee members.What is the name for this practice?

In which of the following cases is groupthink most likely to occur?

Social loafing is usually reduced when people believe which of the following?

Describe how being in a crowd can lead people to engage in destructive behaviours.

According to Janis,what is the most important behavioural symptom of groupthink?

Hans and Fred are young men who grew up in Toronto.Hans goes to the University of Toronto to major in biology.Fred,who is two years younger,still lives at home,but hopes to one day major in psychology.Which of the following is presently a superordinate identity for the cousins?

When groups exhibit groupthink,which of the following tends to characterize their decisions?

Which of the following characteristics of groups contribute to groupthink?

The leaders of a certain country believe that,because they can punish anyone who disagrees with their policies,residents will not dare to challenge those policies.These leaders thus believe in the efficacy of which of the following?

Which of the following combinations of factors would produce the most biased decision?

What did Ringelmann's research in the 1880s demonstrate?

What do psychologists call the tendency for the presence of other people to increase performance on easy tasks and impair performance on difficult tasks?

Vladimir,a basketball novice,makes about 70 percent of his free throws when practising alone.However,when playing with his friends,he only makes about 50 percent of his free throws.What is the most likely cause of this decrease?

In which of the following scenarios is productivity likely to be highest?

Introduction

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes,prejudice,and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Health

Filters