Question 1

All of the following factors are known to exert a strong influence on a person's level and sources of self-esteem EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) culture 
B) genetics 
C) the extent to which people value self-complexity 
D) reflected appraisals and social comparisons experienced in childhood 
A) culture 
B) genetics 
C) the extent to which people value self-complexity 
D) reflected appraisals and social comparisons experienced in childhood

Question 2

All of the following are potential ways to reduce dissonance EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) trivialize the inconsistent cognitions. 
B) change one of the inconsistent cognitions. 
C) reflect deeply on the inconsistency between the two cognitions. 
D) add a third cognition that makes the original cognitions seem less inconsistent. 
A) trivialize the inconsistent cognitions. 
B) change one of the inconsistent cognitions. 
C) reflect deeply on the inconsistency between the two cognitions. 
D) add a third cognition that makes the original cognitions seem less inconsistent.

Question 3

State self-esteem refers specifically to:

Accepted Answer

A) the level of positive feeling one has about oneself. 
B) a feeling about the self that can temporarily increase or decrease in positivity in response to changing circumstances. 
C) a general attitude toward the self,ranging from very positive to very negative. 
D) an implicit attitude toward the self. 
A) the level of positive feeling one has about oneself. 
B) a feeling about the self that can temporarily increase or decrease in positivity in response to changing circumstances. 
C) a general attitude toward the self,ranging from very positive to very negative. 
D) an implicit attitude toward the self.

Question 4

Which of the following finding has emerged from research on social comparison?

Accepted Answer

A) People prefer to compare themselves to those who perform far better than they in a domain. 
B) People prefer to compare themselves to those who perform far worse than they in a domain. 
C) People generally think of themselves as worse in most respects now than they used to be. 
D) People generally think of themselves as better in most respects now than they used to be. 
A) People prefer to compare themselves to those who perform far better than they in a domain. 
B) People prefer to compare themselves to those who perform far worse than they in a domain. 
C) People generally think of themselves as worse in most respects now than they used to be. 
D) People generally think of themselves as better in most respects now than they used to be.

Question 5

When people experience an event as a challenge:

Accepted Answer

A) their heart rate decreases,while veins and arteries remain unchanged. 
B) their heart rate increases,while veins and arteries remain unchanged. 
C) their heart rate increases,and their veins and arteries dilate. 
D) their heart rate increases,and their veins and arteries contract. 
A) their heart rate decreases,while veins and arteries remain unchanged. 
B) their heart rate increases,while veins and arteries remain unchanged. 
C) their heart rate increases,and their veins and arteries dilate. 
D) their heart rate increases,and their veins and arteries contract.

Question 6

In a classroom you automatically take on the role of "student." According to the dramaturgical model,this is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) a sincere performance. 
B) an explicit performance. 
C) a cynical performance. 
D) role play. 
A) a sincere performance. 
B) an explicit performance. 
C) a cynical performance. 
D) role play.

Question 7

Jason was diagnosed with cancer when he was 30.Initially,he was devastated by the news and fell into a deep depression.However,he started going to a cancer support group and realized that there were many people far sicker and more alone than he was.Eventually,he changed the course of his life and dedicated himself to founding and running a charity to improve the lives of people with debilitating illness.Running this charity makes him happier than anything he ever did before.Jason's story is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) self-verification. 
B) a redemption story. 
C) a contamination story. 
D) self-presentation. 
A) self-verification. 
B) a redemption story. 
C) a contamination story. 
D) self-presentation.

Question 8

The tendency to make external attributions for bad things one does,and internal attributions for good things one does,is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) the self-serving bias. 
B) the actor-observer effect. 
C) compensation. 
D) self-affirmation. 
A) the self-serving bias. 
B) the actor-observer effect. 
C) compensation. 
D) self-affirmation.

Question 9

All of the following are true about individuals with high self-concept clarity EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) they may be happier. 
B) they may be better able to cope with stress. 
C) they are more sensitive to feedback. 
D) their attitudes about themselves are stable. 
A) they may be happier. 
B) they may be better able to cope with stress. 
C) they are more sensitive to feedback. 
D) their attitudes about themselves are stable.

Question 10

When people reduce dissonance by convincing themselves that what they suffered for is actually quite valuable,this phenomenon is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) overjustification. 
B) effort justification. 
C) minimal deterrence. 
D) self-verification. 
A) overjustification. 
B) effort justification. 
C) minimal deterrence. 
D) self-verification.

Question 11

_____ has been identified by research as a technique that helps individuals preserve a sense of self-continuity and meaning,even in the face of reminders of mortality.

Accepted Answer

A) Self-evaluation maintenance 
B) Self-compassion 
C) Nostalgia 
D) Self-monitoring 
A) Self-evaluation maintenance 
B) Self-compassion 
C) Nostalgia 
D) Self-monitoring

Question 12

Implicit self-esteem has been studied by:

Accepted Answer

A) asking participants to predict what others think about them,and to state their confidence in their predictions. 
B) evaluating the speed with which participants can identify positive vs.negative words after being primed with first-person singular pronouns. 
C) measuring fluctuations in a person's self-esteem over the course of a week,as indicated on self-report questionnaires. 
D) asking experts to code people's self-esteem based on videos of them giving speeches before a small group of people. 
A) asking participants to predict what others think about them,and to state their confidence in their predictions. 
B) evaluating the speed with which participants can identify positive vs.negative words after being primed with first-person singular pronouns. 
C) measuring fluctuations in a person's self-esteem over the course of a week,as indicated on self-report questionnaires. 
D) asking experts to code people's self-esteem based on videos of them giving speeches before a small group of people.

Question 13

The feeling of being completely absorbed in an activity that challenges skills at an appropriate level is called:

Accepted Answer

A) anxiety. 
B) boredom. 
C) flow. 
D) self-awareness. 
A) anxiety. 
B) boredom. 
C) flow. 
D) self-awareness.

Question 14

N'Faly and Iarla are both undergoing therapy to cure their agoraphobia.N'Faly's therapist is using a traditional exposure method,through which N'Faly will gradually get farther and farther from his house.Iarla is being treated using a controversial new method,which requires him to stand outside his house and scream for minutes on end.What does research suggest will be the outcome of these therapies?

Accepted Answer

A) N'Faly will have more success. 
B) Iarla will have more success. 
C) Neither N'Faly's nor Iarla's therapy will be very successful. 
D) If N'Faly and Iarla both believe they chose the therapy,they will experience some success. 
A) N'Faly will have more success. 
B) Iarla will have more success. 
C) Neither N'Faly's nor Iarla's therapy will be very successful. 
D) If N'Faly and Iarla both believe they chose the therapy,they will experience some success.

Question 15

Taylor did not do well on her social psychology exam.If Taylor exhibits the self-serving attributional bias,she will:

Accepted Answer

A) study harder for the next exam. 
B) blame herself for not studying hard. 
C) blame the professor for not testing fairly. 
D) give up trying. 
A) study harder for the next exam. 
B) blame herself for not studying hard. 
C) blame the professor for not testing fairly. 
D) give up trying.

Question 16

Santiago eats a lot of candy.He is also a nutrition expert who is aware that candy is bad for his health.According to cognitive dissonance theory,what is the MOST likely way that he will try to resolve his dissonance?

Accepted Answer

A) deciding that if he didn't eat candy,he would probably become unhappy and that would be just as bad for his health 
B) refusing to believe that candy is bad for his health 
C) stopping all consumption of candy 
D) convincing himself that candy is actually healthy 
A) deciding that if he didn't eat candy,he would probably become unhappy and that would be just as bad for his health 
B) refusing to believe that candy is bad for his health 
C) stopping all consumption of candy 
D) convincing himself that candy is actually healthy

Question 17

The extent to which a person believes that either internal or external factors determine their outcomes is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A) the locus of control. 
B) the illusion of transparency. 
C) self-evaluation maintenance. 
D) self-concept clarity. 
A) the locus of control. 
B) the illusion of transparency. 
C) self-evaluation maintenance. 
D) self-concept clarity.

Question 18

According to the sociometer model:

Accepted Answer

A) a basic function of self-esteem is protecting the individual from troubling thoughts. 
B) self-esteem primarily serves to maximize a person's sense of social status. 
C) a basic function of self-esteem is indicating one's level of acceptance by others. 
D) extraverted people are more concerned with self-esteem than introverted people. 
A) a basic function of self-esteem is protecting the individual from troubling thoughts. 
B) self-esteem primarily serves to maximize a person's sense of social status. 
C) a basic function of self-esteem is indicating one's level of acceptance by others. 
D) extraverted people are more concerned with self-esteem than introverted people.

Question 19

Wen is highly successful in a domain that is important to her self-esteem.According the self-evaluation maintenance model,she is motivated to:

Accepted Answer

A) see her competitor as dissimilar to her 
B) see her competitor as similar to her 
C) evaluate her ability in comparison to her competitor 
D) not evaluate her ability in comparison her competitor 
A) see her competitor as dissimilar to her 
B) see her competitor as similar to her 
C) evaluate her ability in comparison to her competitor 
D) not evaluate her ability in comparison her competitor

Question 20

In Aronson and Carlsmith's (1963)study conducted with preschoolers,under what experimental condition were children the most likely to change their attitudes toward an initially desirable toy at the end of the study?

Accepted Answer

A) those who were not given an opportunity to play with the toy 
B) those who had been told that the experimenter would be mildly annoyed if they played with the toy 
C) those who had been told that the experimenter would be very angry if they played with the toy 
D) those who played with the toy during the study 
A) those who were not given an opportunity to play with the toy 
B) those who had been told that the experimenter would be mildly annoyed if they played with the toy 
C) those who had been told that the experimenter would be very angry if they played with the toy 
D) those who played with the toy during the study

All of the following factors are known to exert a strong influence on a person's level and sources of self-esteem EXCEPT:

All of the following are potential ways to reduce dissonance EXCEPT:

State self-esteem refers specifically to:

Which of the following finding has emerged from research on social comparison?

When people experience an event as a challenge:

In a classroom you automatically take on the role of "student." According to the dramaturgical model,this is an example of:

The tendency to make external attributions for bad things one does,and internal attributions for good things one does,is referred to as:

All of the following are true about individuals with high self-concept clarity EXCEPT:

When people reduce dissonance by convincing themselves that what they suffered for is actually quite valuable,this phenomenon is referred to as:

_____ has been identified by research as a technique that helps individuals preserve a sense of self-continuity and meaning,even in the face of reminders of mortality.

Implicit self-esteem has been studied by:

The feeling of being completely absorbed in an activity that challenges skills at an appropriate level is called:

Taylor did not do well on her social psychology exam.If Taylor exhibits the self-serving attributional bias,she will:

Santiago eats a lot of candy.He is also a nutrition expert who is aware that candy is bad for his health.According to cognitive dissonance theory,what is the MOST likely way that he will try to resolve his dissonance?

The extent to which a person believes that either internal or external factors determine their outcomes is referred to as:

According to the sociometer model:

Wen is highly successful in a domain that is important to her self-esteem.According the self-evaluation maintenance model,she is motivated to:

In Aronson and Carlsmith's (1963)study conducted with preschoolers,under what experimental condition were children the most likely to change their attitudes toward an initially desirable toy at the end of the study?

The Revealing Science of Social Psychology

Fundamentals of Social Behavior

The Core Elements of Social Cognition

Thinking About People and Events

The Nature, Origins, and Functions of the Self

Social Influence

Persuasion, Attitudes, and Behavior

Group Processes

Understanding Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

Responding to and Reducing Prejudice

Interpersonal Aggression

Prosocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction

Close Relationships

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Exam 6: The Key Self-Motives: Consistency, Esteem, Presentation, and Growth

All of the following factors are known to exert a strong influence on a person's level and sources of self-esteem EXCEPT:

All of the following are potential ways to reduce dissonance EXCEPT:

State self-esteem refers specifically to:

Which of the following finding has emerged from research on social comparison?

When people experience an event as a challenge:

In a classroom you automatically take on the role of "student." According to the dramaturgical model,this is an example of:

The tendency to make external attributions for bad things one does,and internal attributions for good things one does,is referred to as:

All of the following are true about individuals with high self-concept clarity EXCEPT:

When people reduce dissonance by convincing themselves that what they suffered for is actually quite valuable,this phenomenon is referred to as:

_____ has been identified by research as a technique that helps individuals preserve a sense of self-continuity and meaning,even in the face of reminders of mortality.

Implicit self-esteem has been studied by:

The feeling of being completely absorbed in an activity that challenges skills at an appropriate level is called:

Taylor did not do well on her social psychology exam.If Taylor exhibits the self-serving attributional bias,she will:

Santiago eats a lot of candy.He is also a nutrition expert who is aware that candy is bad for his health.According to cognitive dissonance theory,what is the MOST likely way that he will try to resolve his dissonance?

The extent to which a person believes that either internal or external factors determine their outcomes is referred to as:

According to the sociometer model:

Wen is highly successful in a domain that is important to her self-esteem.According the self-evaluation maintenance model,she is motivated to:

In Aronson and Carlsmith's (1963)study conducted with preschoolers,under what experimental condition were children the most likely to change their attitudes toward an initially desirable toy at the end of the study?

The Revealing Science of Social Psychology

Fundamentals of Social Behavior

The Core Elements of Social Cognition

Thinking About People and Events

The Nature, Origins, and Functions of the Self

Social Influence

Persuasion, Attitudes, and Behavior

Group Processes

Understanding Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

Responding to and Reducing Prejudice

Interpersonal Aggression

Prosocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction

Close Relationships

Filters