Question 1

What is the antigen used in the purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test?

Accepted Answer

A)  A purified protein from the nucleus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
B)  A purified piece of DNA from M. tuberculosis 
C)  A purified protein from the cell wall of M. tuberculosis 
D)  A piece of ribosomal RNA from M. tuberculosis 
A)  A purified protein from the nucleus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
B)  A purified piece of DNA from M. tuberculosis 
C)  A purified protein from the cell wall of M. tuberculosis 
D)  A piece of ribosomal RNA from M. tuberculosis

Question 2

A patient with Hodgkin disease is feeling bad, so he visits his physician. The physician's clinical examination reveals submandibular lymphadenitis, subcutaneous nodules, painful swellings, ulcers progressing to abscesses, and draining fistulas. What organism is probably producing these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
B)  M. avium 
C)  M. gordonae 
D)  M. haemophilum 
A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
B)  M. avium 
C)  M. gordonae 
D)  M. haemophilum

Question 3

How has the treatment of mycobacterial disease changed in light of the multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacteria that are being isolated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antimicrobial therapy is started sooner in the course of the disease. 
B)  More powerful antimicrobial agents are used to treat mycobacterial disease. 
C)  Combinations of three or four drugs are used instead of a single drug. 
D)  Patients are hospitalized for the duration of their disease. 
A)  Antimicrobial therapy is started sooner in the course of the disease. 
B)  More powerful antimicrobial agents are used to treat mycobacterial disease. 
C)  Combinations of three or four drugs are used instead of a single drug. 
D)  Patients are hospitalized for the duration of their disease.

Question 4

Decontaminating agents used in the decontamination-digestion process include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium hydroxide. 
B)  N-acetyl-1-cysteine. 
C)  benzalkonium chloride. 
D)  hydrochloric acid. 
A)  sodium hydroxide. 
B)  N-acetyl-1-cysteine. 
C)  benzalkonium chloride. 
D)  hydrochloric acid.

Question 5

What are photochromogens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species that produce carotene pigment upon exposure to light 
B)  Species that produce pigment in the light or the dark 
C)  Species whose colonies remain buff colored after exposure to light 
D)  Species whose colonies fluoresce under ultraviolet light 
A)  Species that produce carotene pigment upon exposure to light 
B)  Species that produce pigment in the light or the dark 
C)  Species whose colonies remain buff colored after exposure to light 
D)  Species whose colonies fluoresce under ultraviolet light

Question 6

How are mycobacterial infections typically transmitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  By blood 
B)  By fomites 
C)  By sexual contact 
D)  By air 
A)  By blood 
B)  By fomites 
C)  By sexual contact 
D)  By air

Question 7

A microbiologist notices growth on a LJ slant that is a buff color, rough, and seems arranged in a cord. It has taken these organisms 4 weeks to grow. What is the most probable organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium leprae 
B)  M. avium 
C)  M. tuberculosis 
D)  M. marinum 
A)  Mycobacterium leprae 
B)  M. avium 
C)  M. tuberculosis 
D)  M. marinum

Question 8

What is the recommended contact time for most disinfectants in a mycobacteriology laboratory?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 minutes 
B)  10 to 30 minutes 
C)  10 minutes 
D)  60 minutes 
A)  5 minutes 
B)  10 to 30 minutes 
C)  10 minutes 
D)  60 minutes

Question 9

What Mycobacterium spp. fails to grow in vitro?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
B)  M. leprae 
C)  M. avium 
D)  M. marinum 
A)  Mycobacterium tuberculosis 
B)  M. leprae 
C)  M. avium 
D)  M. marinum

Question 10

What is the most sensitive and rapid primary isolation liquid media for Mycobacterium spp.?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thioglycollate 
B)  Cooked meat 
C)  5% NaCl broth 
D)  Middlebrook 7H12 
A)  Thioglycollate 
B)  Cooked meat 
C)  5% NaCl broth 
D)  Middlebrook 7H12

Question 11

When designing a mycobacterial laboratory, the designers should include all the following engineering controls to keep the workers safe, except

Accepted Answer

A)  inside air vents to outside. 
B)  non-recirculating ventilation system. 
C)  positive air pressure. 
D)  separate room from main laboratory. 
A)  inside air vents to outside. 
B)  non-recirculating ventilation system. 
C)  positive air pressure. 
D)  separate room from main laboratory.

Question 12

This disease is slowly progressive, malignant, and, if untreated, life threatening. It is characterized by skin lesions and progressive, symmetric nerve damage. Lesions of the mucous membranes of the nose may lead to destruction of the cartilaginous septum, resulting in nasal and facial deformities. What disease is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hansen disease 
B)  Extrapulmonary TB 
C)  Non-Mycobacterium tuberculosis pulmonary disease 
D)  M. xenopi 
A)  Hansen disease 
B)  Extrapulmonary TB 
C)  Non-Mycobacterium tuberculosis pulmonary disease 
D)  M. xenopi

Question 13

All of the following are biochemical tests for the identification of Mycobacterium spp., except

Accepted Answer

A)  niacin. 
B)  nitrate. 
C)  catalase. 
D)  PYR. 
A)  niacin. 
B)  nitrate. 
C)  catalase. 
D)  PYR.

Question 14

How long does it take to detect most Mycobacterium spp. with the BACTEC method?

Accepted Answer

A)  Less than 2 weeks 
B)  3 weeks 
C)  4 weeks 
D)  6 weeks 
A)  Less than 2 weeks 
B)  3 weeks 
C)  4 weeks 
D)  6 weeks

Exam 26: Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

What is the antigen used in the purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test?

A patient with Hodgkin disease is feeling bad, so he visits his physician. The physician's clinical examination reveals submandibular lymphadenitis, subcutaneous nodules, painful swellings, ulcers progressing to abscesses, and draining fistulas. What organism is probably producing these symptoms?

How has the treatment of mycobacterial disease changed in light of the multidrug-resistant strains of mycobacteria that are being isolated?

Decontaminating agents used in the decontamination-digestion process include all of the following, except

What are photochromogens?

How are mycobacterial infections typically transmitted?

A microbiologist notices growth on a LJ slant that is a buff color, rough, and seems arranged in a cord. It has taken these organisms 4 weeks to grow. What is the most probable organism?

What is the recommended contact time for most disinfectants in a mycobacteriology laboratory?

What Mycobacterium spp. fails to grow in vitro?

What is the most sensitive and rapid primary isolation liquid media for Mycobacterium spp.?

When designing a mycobacterial laboratory, the designers should include all the following engineering controls to keep the workers safe, except

All of the following are biochemical tests for the identification of Mycobacterium spp., except

How long does it take to detect most Mycobacterium spp. with the BACTEC method?

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Hostparasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antimicrobial Agent Mechanisms of Action and Resistance Mechanisms

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus, Hacek, Legionella, and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio, Aeromonas, and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

The Spirochetes

Chlamydia, Rickettsia, and Similar Organisms

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror and Forensic Microbiology

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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